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	Version: linux-6.0.1 spark-3.0.0 hadoop-3.2.0-src hadoop-3.3.0-src spark-2.4.7 linux-4.15.13 hadoop-2.7.4-src Revert   Change

 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "perf.h"
 #include "perf-sys.h"
 
 #include "util/cpumap.h"
 #include "util/evlist.h"
 #include "util/evsel.h"
 #include "util/evsel_fprintf.h"
 #include "util/symbol.h"
 #include "util/thread.h"
 #include "util/header.h"
 #include "util/session.h"
 #include "util/tool.h"
 #include "util/cloexec.h"
 #include "util/thread_map.h"
 #include "util/color.h"
 #include "util/stat.h"
 #include "util/string2.h"
 #include "util/callchain.h"
 #include "util/time-utils.h"
 
 #include <subcmd/pager.h>
 #include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
 #include "util/trace-event.h"
 
 #include "util/debug.h"
 #include "util/event.h"
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/log2.h>
 #include <linux/zalloc.h>
 #include <sys/prctl.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <semaphore.h>
 #include <pthread.h>
 #include <math.h>
 #include <api/fs/fs.h>
 #include <perf/cpumap.h>
 #include <linux/time64.h>
 #include <linux/err.h>
 
 #include <linux/ctype.h>
 
 #define PR_SET_NAME     15               /* Set process name */
 #define MAX_CPUS        4096
 #define COMM_LEN        20
 #define SYM_LEN         129
 #define MAX_PID         1024000
 
 static const char *cpu_list;
 static DECLARE_BITMAP(cpu_bitmap, MAX_NR_CPUS);
 
 struct sched_atom;
 
 struct task_desc {
     unsigned long       nr;
     unsigned long       pid;
     char            comm[COMM_LEN];
 
     unsigned long       nr_events;
     unsigned long       curr_event;
     struct sched_atom   **atoms;
 
     pthread_t       thread;
     sem_t           sleep_sem;
 
     sem_t           ready_for_work;
     sem_t           work_done_sem;
 
     u64         cpu_usage;
 };
 
 enum sched_event_type {
     SCHED_EVENT_RUN,
     SCHED_EVENT_SLEEP,
     SCHED_EVENT_WAKEUP,
     SCHED_EVENT_MIGRATION,
 };
 
 struct sched_atom {
     enum sched_event_type   type;
     int         specific_wait;
     u64         timestamp;
     u64         duration;
     unsigned long       nr;
     sem_t           *wait_sem;
     struct task_desc    *wakee;
 };
 
 #define TASK_STATE_TO_CHAR_STR "RSDTtZXxKWP"
 
 /* task state bitmask, copied from include/linux/sched.h */
 #define TASK_RUNNING        0
 #define TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE  1
 #define TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE    2
 #define __TASK_STOPPED      4
 #define __TASK_TRACED       8
 /* in tsk->exit_state */
 #define EXIT_DEAD       16
 #define EXIT_ZOMBIE     32
 #define EXIT_TRACE      (EXIT_ZOMBIE | EXIT_DEAD)
 /* in tsk->state again */
 #define TASK_DEAD       64
 #define TASK_WAKEKILL       128
 #define TASK_WAKING     256
 #define TASK_PARKED     512
 
 enum thread_state {
     THREAD_SLEEPING = 0,
     THREAD_WAIT_CPU,
     THREAD_SCHED_IN,
     THREAD_IGNORE
 };
 
 struct work_atom {
     struct list_head    list;
     enum thread_state   state;
     u64         sched_out_time;
     u64         wake_up_time;
     u64         sched_in_time;
     u64         runtime;
 };
 
 struct work_atoms {
     struct list_head    work_list;
     struct thread       *thread;
     struct rb_node      node;
     u64         max_lat;
     u64         max_lat_start;
     u64         max_lat_end;
     u64         total_lat;
     u64         nb_atoms;
     u64         total_runtime;
     int         num_merged;
 };
 
 typedef int (*sort_fn_t)(struct work_atoms *, struct work_atoms *);
 
 struct perf_sched;
 
 struct trace_sched_handler {
     int (*switch_event)(struct perf_sched *sched, struct evsel *evsel,
                 struct perf_sample *sample, struct machine *machine);
 
     int (*runtime_event)(struct perf_sched *sched, struct evsel *evsel,
                  struct perf_sample *sample, struct machine *machine);
 
     int (*wakeup_event)(struct perf_sched *sched, struct evsel *evsel,
                 struct perf_sample *sample, struct machine *machine);
 
     /* PERF_RECORD_FORK event, not sched_process_fork tracepoint */
     int (*fork_event)(struct perf_sched *sched, union perf_event *event,
               struct machine *machine);
 
     int (*migrate_task_event)(struct perf_sched *sched,
                   struct evsel *evsel,
                   struct perf_sample *sample,
                   struct machine *machine);
 };
 
 #define COLOR_PIDS PERF_COLOR_BLUE
 #define COLOR_CPUS PERF_COLOR_BG_RED
 
 struct perf_sched_map {
     DECLARE_BITMAP(comp_cpus_mask, MAX_CPUS);
     struct perf_cpu     *comp_cpus;
     bool             comp;
     struct perf_thread_map *color_pids;
     const char      *color_pids_str;
     struct perf_cpu_map *color_cpus;
     const char      *color_cpus_str;
     struct perf_cpu_map *cpus;
     const char      *cpus_str;
 };
 
 struct perf_sched {
     struct perf_tool tool;
     const char   *sort_order;
     unsigned long    nr_tasks;
     struct task_desc **pid_to_task;
     struct task_desc **tasks;
     const struct trace_sched_handler *tp_handler;
     pthread_mutex_t  start_work_mutex;
     pthread_mutex_t  work_done_wait_mutex;
     int      profile_cpu;
 /*
  * Track the current task - that way we can know whether there's any
  * weird events, such as a task being switched away that is not current.
  */
     struct perf_cpu  max_cpu;
     u32      curr_pid[MAX_CPUS];
     struct thread    *curr_thread[MAX_CPUS];
     char         next_shortname1;
     char         next_shortname2;
     unsigned int     replay_repeat;
     unsigned long    nr_run_events;
     unsigned long    nr_sleep_events;
     unsigned long    nr_wakeup_events;
     unsigned long    nr_sleep_corrections;
     unsigned long    nr_run_events_optimized;
     unsigned long    targetless_wakeups;
     unsigned long    multitarget_wakeups;
     unsigned long    nr_runs;
     unsigned long    nr_timestamps;
     unsigned long    nr_unordered_timestamps;
     unsigned long    nr_context_switch_bugs;
     unsigned long    nr_events;
     unsigned long    nr_lost_chunks;
     unsigned long    nr_lost_events;
     u64      run_measurement_overhead;
     u64      sleep_measurement_overhead;
     u64      start_time;
     u64      cpu_usage;
     u64      runavg_cpu_usage;
     u64      parent_cpu_usage;
     u64      runavg_parent_cpu_usage;
     u64      sum_runtime;
     u64      sum_fluct;
     u64      run_avg;
     u64      all_runtime;
     u64      all_count;
     u64      cpu_last_switched[MAX_CPUS];
     struct rb_root_cached atom_root, sorted_atom_root, merged_atom_root;
     struct list_head sort_list, cmp_pid;
     bool force;
     bool skip_merge;
     struct perf_sched_map map;
 
     /* options for timehist command */
     bool        summary;
     bool        summary_only;
     bool        idle_hist;
     bool        show_callchain;
     unsigned int    max_stack;
     bool        show_cpu_visual;
     bool        show_wakeups;
     bool        show_next;
     bool        show_migrations;
     bool        show_state;
     u64     skipped_samples;
     const char  *time_str;
     struct perf_time_interval ptime;
     struct perf_time_interval hist_time;
 };
 
 /* per thread run time data */
 struct thread_runtime {
     u64 last_time;      /* time of previous sched in/out event */
     u64 dt_run;         /* run time */
     u64 dt_sleep;       /* time between CPU access by sleep (off cpu) */
     u64 dt_iowait;      /* time between CPU access by iowait (off cpu) */
     u64 dt_preempt;     /* time between CPU access by preempt (off cpu) */
     u64 dt_delay;       /* time between wakeup and sched-in */
     u64 ready_to_run;   /* time of wakeup */
 
     struct stats run_stats;
     u64 total_run_time;
     u64 total_sleep_time;
     u64 total_iowait_time;
     u64 total_preempt_time;
     u64 total_delay_time;
 
     int last_state;
 
     char shortname[3];
     bool comm_changed;
 
     u64 migrations;
 };
 
 /* per event run time data */
 struct evsel_runtime {
     u64 *last_time; /* time this event was last seen per cpu */
     u32 ncpu;       /* highest cpu slot allocated */
 };
 
 /* per cpu idle time data */
 struct idle_thread_runtime {
     struct thread_runtime   tr;
     struct thread       *last_thread;
     struct rb_root_cached   sorted_root;
     struct callchain_root   callchain;
     struct callchain_cursor cursor;
 };
 
 /* track idle times per cpu */
 static struct thread **idle_threads;
 static int idle_max_cpu;
 static char idle_comm[] = "<idle>";
 
 static u64 get_nsecs(void)
 {
     struct timespec ts;
 
     clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
 
     return ts.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC + ts.tv_nsec;
 }
 
 static void burn_nsecs(struct perf_sched *sched, u64 nsecs)
 {
     u64 T0 = get_nsecs(), T1;
 
     do {
         T1 = get_nsecs();
     } while (T1 + sched->run_measurement_overhead < T0 + nsecs);
 }
 
 static void sleep_nsecs(u64 nsecs)
 {
     struct timespec ts;
 
     ts.tv_nsec = nsecs % 999999999;
     ts.tv_sec = nsecs / 999999999;
 
     nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
 }
 
 static void calibrate_run_measurement_overhead(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     u64 T0, T1, delta, min_delta = NSEC_PER_SEC;
     int i;
 
     for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
         T0 = get_nsecs();
         burn_nsecs(sched, 0);
         T1 = get_nsecs();
         delta = T1-T0;
         min_delta = min(min_delta, delta);
     }
     sched->run_measurement_overhead = min_delta;
 
     printf("run measurement overhead: %" PRIu64 " nsecs\n", min_delta);
 }
 
 static void calibrate_sleep_measurement_overhead(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     u64 T0, T1, delta, min_delta = NSEC_PER_SEC;
     int i;
 
     for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
         T0 = get_nsecs();
         sleep_nsecs(10000);
         T1 = get_nsecs();
         delta = T1-T0;
         min_delta = min(min_delta, delta);
     }
     min_delta -= 10000;
     sched->sleep_measurement_overhead = min_delta;
 
     printf("sleep measurement overhead: %" PRIu64 " nsecs\n", min_delta);
 }
 
 static struct sched_atom *
 get_new_event(struct task_desc *task, u64 timestamp)
 {
     struct sched_atom *event = zalloc(sizeof(*event));
     unsigned long idx = task->nr_events;
     size_t size;
 
     event->timestamp = timestamp;
     event->nr = idx;
 
     task->nr_events++;
     size = sizeof(struct sched_atom *) * task->nr_events;
     task->atoms = realloc(task->atoms, size);
     BUG_ON(!task->atoms);
 
     task->atoms[idx] = event;
 
     return event;
 }
 
 static struct sched_atom *last_event(struct task_desc *task)
 {
     if (!task->nr_events)
         return NULL;
 
     return task->atoms[task->nr_events - 1];
 }
 
 static void add_sched_event_run(struct perf_sched *sched, struct task_desc *task,
                 u64 timestamp, u64 duration)
 {
     struct sched_atom *event, *curr_event = last_event(task);
 
     /*
      * optimize an existing RUN event by merging this one
      * to it:
      */
     if (curr_event && curr_event->type == SCHED_EVENT_RUN) {
         sched->nr_run_events_optimized++;
         curr_event->duration += duration;
         return;
     }
 
     event = get_new_event(task, timestamp);
 
     event->type = SCHED_EVENT_RUN;
     event->duration = duration;
 
     sched->nr_run_events++;
 }
 
 static void add_sched_event_wakeup(struct perf_sched *sched, struct task_desc *task,
                    u64 timestamp, struct task_desc *wakee)
 {
     struct sched_atom *event, *wakee_event;
 
     event = get_new_event(task, timestamp);
     event->type = SCHED_EVENT_WAKEUP;
     event->wakee = wakee;
 
     wakee_event = last_event(wakee);
     if (!wakee_event || wakee_event->type != SCHED_EVENT_SLEEP) {
         sched->targetless_wakeups++;
         return;
     }
     if (wakee_event->wait_sem) {
         sched->multitarget_wakeups++;
         return;
     }
 
     wakee_event->wait_sem = zalloc(sizeof(*wakee_event->wait_sem));
     sem_init(wakee_event->wait_sem, 0, 0);
     wakee_event->specific_wait = 1;
     event->wait_sem = wakee_event->wait_sem;
 
     sched->nr_wakeup_events++;
 }
 
 static void add_sched_event_sleep(struct perf_sched *sched, struct task_desc *task,
                   u64 timestamp, u64 task_state __maybe_unused)
 {
     struct sched_atom *event = get_new_event(task, timestamp);
 
     event->type = SCHED_EVENT_SLEEP;
 
     sched->nr_sleep_events++;
 }
 
 static struct task_desc *register_pid(struct perf_sched *sched,
                       unsigned long pid, const char *comm)
 {
     struct task_desc *task;
     static int pid_max;
 
     if (sched->pid_to_task == NULL) {
         if (sysctl__read_int("kernel/pid_max", &pid_max) < 0)
             pid_max = MAX_PID;
         BUG_ON((sched->pid_to_task = calloc(pid_max, sizeof(struct task_desc *))) == NULL);
     }
     if (pid >= (unsigned long)pid_max) {
         BUG_ON((sched->pid_to_task = realloc(sched->pid_to_task, (pid + 1) *
             sizeof(struct task_desc *))) == NULL);
         while (pid >= (unsigned long)pid_max)
             sched->pid_to_task[pid_max++] = NULL;
     }
 
     task = sched->pid_to_task[pid];
 
     if (task)
         return task;
 
     task = zalloc(sizeof(*task));
     task->pid = pid;
     task->nr = sched->nr_tasks;
     strcpy(task->comm, comm);
     /*
      * every task starts in sleeping state - this gets ignored
      * if there's no wakeup pointing to this sleep state:
      */
     add_sched_event_sleep(sched, task, 0, 0);
 
     sched->pid_to_task[pid] = task;
     sched->nr_tasks++;
     sched->tasks = realloc(sched->tasks, sched->nr_tasks * sizeof(struct task_desc *));
     BUG_ON(!sched->tasks);
     sched->tasks[task->nr] = task;
 
     if (verbose > 0)
         printf("registered task #%ld, PID %ld (%s)\n", sched->nr_tasks, pid, comm);
 
     return task;
 }
 
 
 static void print_task_traces(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct task_desc *task;
     unsigned long i;
 
     for (i = 0; i < sched->nr_tasks; i++) {
         task = sched->tasks[i];
         printf("task %6ld (%20s:%10ld), nr_events: %ld\n",
             task->nr, task->comm, task->pid, task->nr_events);
     }
 }
 
 static void add_cross_task_wakeups(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct task_desc *task1, *task2;
     unsigned long i, j;
 
     for (i = 0; i < sched->nr_tasks; i++) {
         task1 = sched->tasks[i];
         j = i + 1;
         if (j == sched->nr_tasks)
             j = 0;
         task2 = sched->tasks[j];
         add_sched_event_wakeup(sched, task1, 0, task2);
     }
 }
 
 static void perf_sched__process_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                       struct sched_atom *atom)
 {
     int ret = 0;
 
     switch (atom->type) {
         case SCHED_EVENT_RUN:
             burn_nsecs(sched, atom->duration);
             break;
         case SCHED_EVENT_SLEEP:
             if (atom->wait_sem)
                 ret = sem_wait(atom->wait_sem);
             BUG_ON(ret);
             break;
         case SCHED_EVENT_WAKEUP:
             if (atom->wait_sem)
                 ret = sem_post(atom->wait_sem);
             BUG_ON(ret);
             break;
         case SCHED_EVENT_MIGRATION:
             break;
         default:
             BUG_ON(1);
     }
 }
 
 static u64 get_cpu_usage_nsec_parent(void)
 {
     struct rusage ru;
     u64 sum;
     int err;
 
     err = getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &ru);
     BUG_ON(err);
 
     sum =  ru.ru_utime.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC + ru.ru_utime.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
     sum += ru.ru_stime.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC + ru.ru_stime.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
 
     return sum;
 }
 
 static int self_open_counters(struct perf_sched *sched, unsigned long cur_task)
 {
     struct perf_event_attr attr;
     char sbuf[STRERR_BUFSIZE], info[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
     int fd;
     struct rlimit limit;
     bool need_privilege = false;
 
     memset(&attr, 0, sizeof(attr));
 
     attr.type = PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE;
     attr.config = PERF_COUNT_SW_TASK_CLOCK;
 
 force_again:
     fd = sys_perf_event_open(&attr, 0, -1, -1,
                  perf_event_open_cloexec_flag());
 
     if (fd < 0) {
         if (errno == EMFILE) {
             if (sched->force) {
                 BUG_ON(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &limit) == -1);
                 limit.rlim_cur += sched->nr_tasks - cur_task;
                 if (limit.rlim_cur > limit.rlim_max) {
                     limit.rlim_max = limit.rlim_cur;
                     need_privilege = true;
                 }
                 if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &limit) == -1) {
                     if (need_privilege && errno == EPERM)
                         strcpy(info, "Need privilege\n");
                 } else
                     goto force_again;
             } else
                 strcpy(info, "Have a try with -f option\n");
         }
         pr_err("Error: sys_perf_event_open() syscall returned "
                "with %d (%s)\n%s", fd,
                str_error_r(errno, sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)), info);
         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
     }
     return fd;
 }
 
 static u64 get_cpu_usage_nsec_self(int fd)
 {
     u64 runtime;
     int ret;
 
     ret = read(fd, &runtime, sizeof(runtime));
     BUG_ON(ret != sizeof(runtime));
 
     return runtime;
 }
 
 struct sched_thread_parms {
     struct task_desc  *task;
     struct perf_sched *sched;
     int fd;
 };
 
 static void *thread_func(void *ctx)
 {
     struct sched_thread_parms *parms = ctx;
     struct task_desc *this_task = parms->task;
     struct perf_sched *sched = parms->sched;
     u64 cpu_usage_0, cpu_usage_1;
     unsigned long i, ret;
     char comm2[22];
     int fd = parms->fd;
 
     zfree(&parms);
 
     sprintf(comm2, ":%s", this_task->comm);
     prctl(PR_SET_NAME, comm2);
     if (fd < 0)
         return NULL;
 again:
     ret = sem_post(&this_task->ready_for_work);
     BUG_ON(ret);
     ret = pthread_mutex_lock(&sched->start_work_mutex);
     BUG_ON(ret);
     ret = pthread_mutex_unlock(&sched->start_work_mutex);
     BUG_ON(ret);
 
     cpu_usage_0 = get_cpu_usage_nsec_self(fd);
 
     for (i = 0; i < this_task->nr_events; i++) {
         this_task->curr_event = i;
         perf_sched__process_event(sched, this_task->atoms[i]);
     }
 
     cpu_usage_1 = get_cpu_usage_nsec_self(fd);
     this_task->cpu_usage = cpu_usage_1 - cpu_usage_0;
     ret = sem_post(&this_task->work_done_sem);
     BUG_ON(ret);
 
     ret = pthread_mutex_lock(&sched->work_done_wait_mutex);
     BUG_ON(ret);
     ret = pthread_mutex_unlock(&sched->work_done_wait_mutex);
     BUG_ON(ret);
 
     goto again;
 }
 
 static void create_tasks(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct task_desc *task;
     pthread_attr_t attr;
     unsigned long i;
     int err;
 
     err = pthread_attr_init(&attr);
     BUG_ON(err);
     err = pthread_attr_setstacksize(&attr,
             (size_t) max(16 * 1024, (int)PTHREAD_STACK_MIN));
     BUG_ON(err);
     err = pthread_mutex_lock(&sched->start_work_mutex);
     BUG_ON(err);
     err = pthread_mutex_lock(&sched->work_done_wait_mutex);
     BUG_ON(err);
     for (i = 0; i < sched->nr_tasks; i++) {
         struct sched_thread_parms *parms = malloc(sizeof(*parms));
         BUG_ON(parms == NULL);
         parms->task = task = sched->tasks[i];
         parms->sched = sched;
         parms->fd = self_open_counters(sched, i);
         sem_init(&task->sleep_sem, 0, 0);
         sem_init(&task->ready_for_work, 0, 0);
         sem_init(&task->work_done_sem, 0, 0);
         task->curr_event = 0;
         err = pthread_create(&task->thread, &attr, thread_func, parms);
         BUG_ON(err);
     }
 }
 
 static void wait_for_tasks(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     u64 cpu_usage_0, cpu_usage_1;
     struct task_desc *task;
     unsigned long i, ret;
 
     sched->start_time = get_nsecs();
     sched->cpu_usage = 0;
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&sched->work_done_wait_mutex);
 
     for (i = 0; i < sched->nr_tasks; i++) {
         task = sched->tasks[i];
         ret = sem_wait(&task->ready_for_work);
         BUG_ON(ret);
         sem_init(&task->ready_for_work, 0, 0);
     }
     ret = pthread_mutex_lock(&sched->work_done_wait_mutex);
     BUG_ON(ret);
 
     cpu_usage_0 = get_cpu_usage_nsec_parent();
 
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&sched->start_work_mutex);
 
     for (i = 0; i < sched->nr_tasks; i++) {
         task = sched->tasks[i];
         ret = sem_wait(&task->work_done_sem);
         BUG_ON(ret);
         sem_init(&task->work_done_sem, 0, 0);
         sched->cpu_usage += task->cpu_usage;
         task->cpu_usage = 0;
     }
 
     cpu_usage_1 = get_cpu_usage_nsec_parent();
     if (!sched->runavg_cpu_usage)
         sched->runavg_cpu_usage = sched->cpu_usage;
     sched->runavg_cpu_usage = (sched->runavg_cpu_usage * (sched->replay_repeat - 1) + sched->cpu_usage) / sched->replay_repeat;
 
     sched->parent_cpu_usage = cpu_usage_1 - cpu_usage_0;
     if (!sched->runavg_parent_cpu_usage)
         sched->runavg_parent_cpu_usage = sched->parent_cpu_usage;
     sched->runavg_parent_cpu_usage = (sched->runavg_parent_cpu_usage * (sched->replay_repeat - 1) +
                      sched->parent_cpu_usage)/sched->replay_repeat;
 
     ret = pthread_mutex_lock(&sched->start_work_mutex);
     BUG_ON(ret);
 
     for (i = 0; i < sched->nr_tasks; i++) {
         task = sched->tasks[i];
         sem_init(&task->sleep_sem, 0, 0);
         task->curr_event = 0;
     }
 }
 
 static void run_one_test(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     u64 T0, T1, delta, avg_delta, fluct;
 
     T0 = get_nsecs();
     wait_for_tasks(sched);
     T1 = get_nsecs();
 
     delta = T1 - T0;
     sched->sum_runtime += delta;
     sched->nr_runs++;
 
     avg_delta = sched->sum_runtime / sched->nr_runs;
     if (delta < avg_delta)
         fluct = avg_delta - delta;
     else
         fluct = delta - avg_delta;
     sched->sum_fluct += fluct;
     if (!sched->run_avg)
         sched->run_avg = delta;
     sched->run_avg = (sched->run_avg * (sched->replay_repeat - 1) + delta) / sched->replay_repeat;
 
     printf("#%-3ld: %0.3f, ", sched->nr_runs, (double)delta / NSEC_PER_MSEC);
 
     printf("ravg: %0.2f, ", (double)sched->run_avg / NSEC_PER_MSEC);
 
     printf("cpu: %0.2f / %0.2f",
         (double)sched->cpu_usage / NSEC_PER_MSEC, (double)sched->runavg_cpu_usage / NSEC_PER_MSEC);
 
 #if 0
     /*
      * rusage statistics done by the parent, these are less
      * accurate than the sched->sum_exec_runtime based statistics:
      */
     printf(" [%0.2f / %0.2f]",
         (double)sched->parent_cpu_usage / NSEC_PER_MSEC,
         (double)sched->runavg_parent_cpu_usage / NSEC_PER_MSEC);
 #endif
 
     printf("\n");
 
     if (sched->nr_sleep_corrections)
         printf(" (%ld sleep corrections)\n", sched->nr_sleep_corrections);
     sched->nr_sleep_corrections = 0;
 }
 
 static void test_calibrations(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     u64 T0, T1;
 
     T0 = get_nsecs();
     burn_nsecs(sched, NSEC_PER_MSEC);
     T1 = get_nsecs();
 
     printf("the run test took %" PRIu64 " nsecs\n", T1 - T0);
 
     T0 = get_nsecs();
     sleep_nsecs(NSEC_PER_MSEC);
     T1 = get_nsecs();
 
     printf("the sleep test took %" PRIu64 " nsecs\n", T1 - T0);
 }
 
 static int
 replay_wakeup_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
             struct evsel *evsel, struct perf_sample *sample,
             struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
 {
     const char *comm = evsel__strval(evsel, sample, "comm");
     const u32 pid    = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pid");
     struct task_desc *waker, *wakee;
 
     if (verbose > 0) {
         printf("sched_wakeup event %p\n", evsel);
 
         printf(" ... pid %d woke up %s/%d\n", sample->tid, comm, pid);
     }
 
     waker = register_pid(sched, sample->tid, "<unknown>");
     wakee = register_pid(sched, pid, comm);
 
     add_sched_event_wakeup(sched, waker, sample->time, wakee);
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int replay_switch_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                    struct evsel *evsel,
                    struct perf_sample *sample,
                    struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
 {
     const char *prev_comm  = evsel__strval(evsel, sample, "prev_comm"),
            *next_comm  = evsel__strval(evsel, sample, "next_comm");
     const u32 prev_pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "prev_pid"),
           next_pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "next_pid");
     const u64 prev_state = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "prev_state");
     struct task_desc *prev, __maybe_unused *next;
     u64 timestamp0, timestamp = sample->time;
     int cpu = sample->cpu;
     s64 delta;
 
     if (verbose > 0)
         printf("sched_switch event %p\n", evsel);
 
     if (cpu >= MAX_CPUS || cpu < 0)
         return 0;
 
     timestamp0 = sched->cpu_last_switched[cpu];
     if (timestamp0)
         delta = timestamp - timestamp0;
     else
         delta = 0;
 
     if (delta < 0) {
         pr_err("hm, delta: %" PRIu64 " < 0 ?\n", delta);
         return -1;
     }
 
     pr_debug(" ... switch from %s/%d to %s/%d [ran %" PRIu64 " nsecs]\n",
          prev_comm, prev_pid, next_comm, next_pid, delta);
 
     prev = register_pid(sched, prev_pid, prev_comm);
     next = register_pid(sched, next_pid, next_comm);
 
     sched->cpu_last_switched[cpu] = timestamp;
 
     add_sched_event_run(sched, prev, timestamp, delta);
     add_sched_event_sleep(sched, prev, timestamp, prev_state);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int replay_fork_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                  union perf_event *event,
                  struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct thread *child, *parent;
 
     child = machine__findnew_thread(machine, event->fork.pid,
                     event->fork.tid);
     parent = machine__findnew_thread(machine, event->fork.ppid,
                      event->fork.ptid);
 
     if (child == NULL || parent == NULL) {
         pr_debug("thread does not exist on fork event: child %p, parent %p\n",
                  child, parent);
         goto out_put;
     }
 
     if (verbose > 0) {
         printf("fork event\n");
         printf("... parent: %s/%d\n", thread__comm_str(parent), parent->tid);
         printf("...  child: %s/%d\n", thread__comm_str(child), child->tid);
     }
 
     register_pid(sched, parent->tid, thread__comm_str(parent));
     register_pid(sched, child->tid, thread__comm_str(child));
 out_put:
     thread__put(child);
     thread__put(parent);
     return 0;
 }
 
 struct sort_dimension {
     const char      *name;
     sort_fn_t       cmp;
     struct list_head    list;
 };
 
 /*
  * handle runtime stats saved per thread
  */
 static struct thread_runtime *thread__init_runtime(struct thread *thread)
 {
     struct thread_runtime *r;
 
     r = zalloc(sizeof(struct thread_runtime));
     if (!r)
         return NULL;
 
     init_stats(&r->run_stats);
     thread__set_priv(thread, r);
 
     return r;
 }
 
 static struct thread_runtime *thread__get_runtime(struct thread *thread)
 {
     struct thread_runtime *tr;
 
     tr = thread__priv(thread);
     if (tr == NULL) {
         tr = thread__init_runtime(thread);
         if (tr == NULL)
             pr_debug("Failed to malloc memory for runtime data.\n");
     }
 
     return tr;
 }
 
 static int
 thread_lat_cmp(struct list_head *list, struct work_atoms *l, struct work_atoms *r)
 {
     struct sort_dimension *sort;
     int ret = 0;
 
     BUG_ON(list_empty(list));
 
     list_for_each_entry(sort, list, list) {
         ret = sort->cmp(l, r);
         if (ret)
             return ret;
     }
 
     return ret;
 }
 
 static struct work_atoms *
 thread_atoms_search(struct rb_root_cached *root, struct thread *thread,
              struct list_head *sort_list)
 {
     struct rb_node *node = root->rb_root.rb_node;
     struct work_atoms key = { .thread = thread };
 
     while (node) {
         struct work_atoms *atoms;
         int cmp;
 
         atoms = container_of(node, struct work_atoms, node);
 
         cmp = thread_lat_cmp(sort_list, &key, atoms);
         if (cmp > 0)
             node = node->rb_left;
         else if (cmp < 0)
             node = node->rb_right;
         else {
             BUG_ON(thread != atoms->thread);
             return atoms;
         }
     }
     return NULL;
 }
 
 static void
 __thread_latency_insert(struct rb_root_cached *root, struct work_atoms *data,
              struct list_head *sort_list)
 {
     struct rb_node **new = &(root->rb_root.rb_node), *parent = NULL;
     bool leftmost = true;
 
     while (*new) {
         struct work_atoms *this;
         int cmp;
 
         this = container_of(*new, struct work_atoms, node);
         parent = *new;
 
         cmp = thread_lat_cmp(sort_list, data, this);
 
         if (cmp > 0)
             new = &((*new)->rb_left);
         else {
             new = &((*new)->rb_right);
             leftmost = false;
         }
     }
 
     rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, new);
     rb_insert_color_cached(&data->node, root, leftmost);
 }
 
 static int thread_atoms_insert(struct perf_sched *sched, struct thread *thread)
 {
     struct work_atoms *atoms = zalloc(sizeof(*atoms));
     if (!atoms) {
         pr_err("No memory at %s\n", __func__);
         return -1;
     }
 
     atoms->thread = thread__get(thread);
     INIT_LIST_HEAD(&atoms->work_list);
     __thread_latency_insert(&sched->atom_root, atoms, &sched->cmp_pid);
     return 0;
 }
 
 static char sched_out_state(u64 prev_state)
 {
     const char *str = TASK_STATE_TO_CHAR_STR;
 
     return str[prev_state];
 }
 
 static int
 add_sched_out_event(struct work_atoms *atoms,
             char run_state,
             u64 timestamp)
 {
     struct work_atom *atom = zalloc(sizeof(*atom));
     if (!atom) {
         pr_err("Non memory at %s", __func__);
         return -1;
     }
 
     atom->sched_out_time = timestamp;
 
     if (run_state == 'R') {
         atom->state = THREAD_WAIT_CPU;
         atom->wake_up_time = atom->sched_out_time;
     }
 
     list_add_tail(&atom->list, &atoms->work_list);
     return 0;
 }
 
 static void
 add_runtime_event(struct work_atoms *atoms, u64 delta,
           u64 timestamp __maybe_unused)
 {
     struct work_atom *atom;
 
     BUG_ON(list_empty(&atoms->work_list));
 
     atom = list_entry(atoms->work_list.prev, struct work_atom, list);
 
     atom->runtime += delta;
     atoms->total_runtime += delta;
 }
 
 static void
 add_sched_in_event(struct work_atoms *atoms, u64 timestamp)
 {
     struct work_atom *atom;
     u64 delta;
 
     if (list_empty(&atoms->work_list))
         return;
 
     atom = list_entry(atoms->work_list.prev, struct work_atom, list);
 
     if (atom->state != THREAD_WAIT_CPU)
         return;
 
     if (timestamp < atom->wake_up_time) {
         atom->state = THREAD_IGNORE;
         return;
     }
 
     atom->state = THREAD_SCHED_IN;
     atom->sched_in_time = timestamp;
 
     delta = atom->sched_in_time - atom->wake_up_time;
     atoms->total_lat += delta;
     if (delta > atoms->max_lat) {
         atoms->max_lat = delta;
         atoms->max_lat_start = atom->wake_up_time;
         atoms->max_lat_end = timestamp;
     }
     atoms->nb_atoms++;
 }
 
 static int latency_switch_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                 struct evsel *evsel,
                 struct perf_sample *sample,
                 struct machine *machine)
 {
     const u32 prev_pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "prev_pid"),
           next_pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "next_pid");
     const u64 prev_state = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "prev_state");
     struct work_atoms *out_events, *in_events;
     struct thread *sched_out, *sched_in;
     u64 timestamp0, timestamp = sample->time;
     int cpu = sample->cpu, err = -1;
     s64 delta;
 
     BUG_ON(cpu >= MAX_CPUS || cpu < 0);
 
     timestamp0 = sched->cpu_last_switched[cpu];
     sched->cpu_last_switched[cpu] = timestamp;
     if (timestamp0)
         delta = timestamp - timestamp0;
     else
         delta = 0;
 
     if (delta < 0) {
         pr_err("hm, delta: %" PRIu64 " < 0 ?\n", delta);
         return -1;
     }
 
     sched_out = machine__findnew_thread(machine, -1, prev_pid);
     sched_in = machine__findnew_thread(machine, -1, next_pid);
     if (sched_out == NULL || sched_in == NULL)
         goto out_put;
 
     out_events = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, sched_out, &sched->cmp_pid);
     if (!out_events) {
         if (thread_atoms_insert(sched, sched_out))
             goto out_put;
         out_events = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, sched_out, &sched->cmp_pid);
         if (!out_events) {
             pr_err("out-event: Internal tree error");
             goto out_put;
         }
     }
     if (add_sched_out_event(out_events, sched_out_state(prev_state), timestamp))
         return -1;
 
     in_events = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, sched_in, &sched->cmp_pid);
     if (!in_events) {
         if (thread_atoms_insert(sched, sched_in))
             goto out_put;
         in_events = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, sched_in, &sched->cmp_pid);
         if (!in_events) {
             pr_err("in-event: Internal tree error");
             goto out_put;
         }
         /*
          * Take came in we have not heard about yet,
          * add in an initial atom in runnable state:
          */
         if (add_sched_out_event(in_events, 'R', timestamp))
             goto out_put;
     }
     add_sched_in_event(in_events, timestamp);
     err = 0;
 out_put:
     thread__put(sched_out);
     thread__put(sched_in);
     return err;
 }
 
 static int latency_runtime_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                  struct evsel *evsel,
                  struct perf_sample *sample,
                  struct machine *machine)
 {
     const u32 pid      = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pid");
     const u64 runtime  = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "runtime");
     struct thread *thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, -1, pid);
     struct work_atoms *atoms = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, thread, &sched->cmp_pid);
     u64 timestamp = sample->time;
     int cpu = sample->cpu, err = -1;
 
     if (thread == NULL)
         return -1;
 
     BUG_ON(cpu >= MAX_CPUS || cpu < 0);
     if (!atoms) {
         if (thread_atoms_insert(sched, thread))
             goto out_put;
         atoms = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, thread, &sched->cmp_pid);
         if (!atoms) {
             pr_err("in-event: Internal tree error");
             goto out_put;
         }
         if (add_sched_out_event(atoms, 'R', timestamp))
             goto out_put;
     }
 
     add_runtime_event(atoms, runtime, timestamp);
     err = 0;
 out_put:
     thread__put(thread);
     return err;
 }
 
 static int latency_wakeup_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                 struct evsel *evsel,
                 struct perf_sample *sample,
                 struct machine *machine)
 {
     const u32 pid     = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pid");
     struct work_atoms *atoms;
     struct work_atom *atom;
     struct thread *wakee;
     u64 timestamp = sample->time;
     int err = -1;
 
     wakee = machine__findnew_thread(machine, -1, pid);
     if (wakee == NULL)
         return -1;
     atoms = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, wakee, &sched->cmp_pid);
     if (!atoms) {
         if (thread_atoms_insert(sched, wakee))
             goto out_put;
         atoms = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, wakee, &sched->cmp_pid);
         if (!atoms) {
             pr_err("wakeup-event: Internal tree error");
             goto out_put;
         }
         if (add_sched_out_event(atoms, 'S', timestamp))
             goto out_put;
     }
 
     BUG_ON(list_empty(&atoms->work_list));
 
     atom = list_entry(atoms->work_list.prev, struct work_atom, list);
 
     /*
      * As we do not guarantee the wakeup event happens when
      * task is out of run queue, also may happen when task is
      * on run queue and wakeup only change ->state to TASK_RUNNING,
      * then we should not set the ->wake_up_time when wake up a
      * task which is on run queue.
      *
      * You WILL be missing events if you've recorded only
      * one CPU, or are only looking at only one, so don't
      * skip in this case.
      */
     if (sched->profile_cpu == -1 && atom->state != THREAD_SLEEPING)
         goto out_ok;
 
     sched->nr_timestamps++;
     if (atom->sched_out_time > timestamp) {
         sched->nr_unordered_timestamps++;
         goto out_ok;
     }
 
     atom->state = THREAD_WAIT_CPU;
     atom->wake_up_time = timestamp;
 out_ok:
     err = 0;
 out_put:
     thread__put(wakee);
     return err;
 }
 
 static int latency_migrate_task_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                       struct evsel *evsel,
                       struct perf_sample *sample,
                       struct machine *machine)
 {
     const u32 pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pid");
     u64 timestamp = sample->time;
     struct work_atoms *atoms;
     struct work_atom *atom;
     struct thread *migrant;
     int err = -1;
 
     /*
      * Only need to worry about migration when profiling one CPU.
      */
     if (sched->profile_cpu == -1)
         return 0;
 
     migrant = machine__findnew_thread(machine, -1, pid);
     if (migrant == NULL)
         return -1;
     atoms = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, migrant, &sched->cmp_pid);
     if (!atoms) {
         if (thread_atoms_insert(sched, migrant))
             goto out_put;
         register_pid(sched, migrant->tid, thread__comm_str(migrant));
         atoms = thread_atoms_search(&sched->atom_root, migrant, &sched->cmp_pid);
         if (!atoms) {
             pr_err("migration-event: Internal tree error");
             goto out_put;
         }
         if (add_sched_out_event(atoms, 'R', timestamp))
             goto out_put;
     }
 
     BUG_ON(list_empty(&atoms->work_list));
 
     atom = list_entry(atoms->work_list.prev, struct work_atom, list);
     atom->sched_in_time = atom->sched_out_time = atom->wake_up_time = timestamp;
 
     sched->nr_timestamps++;
 
     if (atom->sched_out_time > timestamp)
         sched->nr_unordered_timestamps++;
     err = 0;
 out_put:
     thread__put(migrant);
     return err;
 }
 
 static void output_lat_thread(struct perf_sched *sched, struct work_atoms *work_list)
 {
     int i;
     int ret;
     u64 avg;
     char max_lat_start[32], max_lat_end[32];
 
     if (!work_list->nb_atoms)
         return;
     /*
      * Ignore idle threads:
      */
     if (!strcmp(thread__comm_str(work_list->thread), "swapper"))
         return;
 
     sched->all_runtime += work_list->total_runtime;
     sched->all_count   += work_list->nb_atoms;
 
     if (work_list->num_merged > 1)
         ret = printf("  %s:(%d) ", thread__comm_str(work_list->thread), work_list->num_merged);
     else
         ret = printf("  %s:%d ", thread__comm_str(work_list->thread), work_list->thread->tid);
 
     for (i = 0; i < 24 - ret; i++)
         printf(" ");
 
     avg = work_list->total_lat / work_list->nb_atoms;
     timestamp__scnprintf_usec(work_list->max_lat_start, max_lat_start, sizeof(max_lat_start));
     timestamp__scnprintf_usec(work_list->max_lat_end, max_lat_end, sizeof(max_lat_end));
 
     printf("|%11.3f ms |%9" PRIu64 " | avg:%8.3f ms | max:%8.3f ms | max start: %12s s | max end: %12s s\n",
           (double)work_list->total_runtime / NSEC_PER_MSEC,
          work_list->nb_atoms, (double)avg / NSEC_PER_MSEC,
          (double)work_list->max_lat / NSEC_PER_MSEC,
          max_lat_start, max_lat_end);
 }
 
 static int pid_cmp(struct work_atoms *l, struct work_atoms *r)
 {
     if (l->thread == r->thread)
         return 0;
     if (l->thread->tid < r->thread->tid)
         return -1;
     if (l->thread->tid > r->thread->tid)
         return 1;
     return (int)(l->thread - r->thread);
 }
 
 static int avg_cmp(struct work_atoms *l, struct work_atoms *r)
 {
     u64 avgl, avgr;
 
     if (!l->nb_atoms)
         return -1;
 
     if (!r->nb_atoms)
         return 1;
 
     avgl = l->total_lat / l->nb_atoms;
     avgr = r->total_lat / r->nb_atoms;
 
     if (avgl < avgr)
         return -1;
     if (avgl > avgr)
         return 1;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int max_cmp(struct work_atoms *l, struct work_atoms *r)
 {
     if (l->max_lat < r->max_lat)
         return -1;
     if (l->max_lat > r->max_lat)
         return 1;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int switch_cmp(struct work_atoms *l, struct work_atoms *r)
 {
     if (l->nb_atoms < r->nb_atoms)
         return -1;
     if (l->nb_atoms > r->nb_atoms)
         return 1;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int runtime_cmp(struct work_atoms *l, struct work_atoms *r)
 {
     if (l->total_runtime < r->total_runtime)
         return -1;
     if (l->total_runtime > r->total_runtime)
         return 1;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int sort_dimension__add(const char *tok, struct list_head *list)
 {
     size_t i;
     static struct sort_dimension avg_sort_dimension = {
         .name = "avg",
         .cmp  = avg_cmp,
     };
     static struct sort_dimension max_sort_dimension = {
         .name = "max",
         .cmp  = max_cmp,
     };
     static struct sort_dimension pid_sort_dimension = {
         .name = "pid",
         .cmp  = pid_cmp,
     };
     static struct sort_dimension runtime_sort_dimension = {
         .name = "runtime",
         .cmp  = runtime_cmp,
     };
     static struct sort_dimension switch_sort_dimension = {
         .name = "switch",
         .cmp  = switch_cmp,
     };
     struct sort_dimension *available_sorts[] = {
         &pid_sort_dimension,
         &avg_sort_dimension,
         &max_sort_dimension,
         &switch_sort_dimension,
         &runtime_sort_dimension,
     };
 
     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(available_sorts); i++) {
         if (!strcmp(available_sorts[i]->name, tok)) {
             list_add_tail(&available_sorts[i]->list, list);
 
             return 0;
         }
     }
 
     return -1;
 }
 
 static void perf_sched__sort_lat(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct rb_node *node;
     struct rb_root_cached *root = &sched->atom_root;
 again:
     for (;;) {
         struct work_atoms *data;
         node = rb_first_cached(root);
         if (!node)
             break;
 
         rb_erase_cached(node, root);
         data = rb_entry(node, struct work_atoms, node);
         __thread_latency_insert(&sched->sorted_atom_root, data, &sched->sort_list);
     }
     if (root == &sched->atom_root) {
         root = &sched->merged_atom_root;
         goto again;
     }
 }
 
 static int process_sched_wakeup_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                       struct evsel *evsel,
                       struct perf_sample *sample,
                       struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
 
     if (sched->tp_handler->wakeup_event)
         return sched->tp_handler->wakeup_event(sched, evsel, sample, machine);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 union map_priv {
     void    *ptr;
     bool     color;
 };
 
 static bool thread__has_color(struct thread *thread)
 {
     union map_priv priv = {
         .ptr = thread__priv(thread),
     };
 
     return priv.color;
 }
 
 static struct thread*
 map__findnew_thread(struct perf_sched *sched, struct machine *machine, pid_t pid, pid_t tid)
 {
     struct thread *thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, pid, tid);
     union map_priv priv = {
         .color = false,
     };
 
     if (!sched->map.color_pids || !thread || thread__priv(thread))
         return thread;
 
     if (thread_map__has(sched->map.color_pids, tid))
         priv.color = true;
 
     thread__set_priv(thread, priv.ptr);
     return thread;
 }
 
 static int map_switch_event(struct perf_sched *sched, struct evsel *evsel,
                 struct perf_sample *sample, struct machine *machine)
 {
     const u32 next_pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "next_pid");
     struct thread *sched_in;
     struct thread_runtime *tr;
     int new_shortname;
     u64 timestamp0, timestamp = sample->time;
     s64 delta;
     int i;
     struct perf_cpu this_cpu = {
         .cpu = sample->cpu,
     };
     int cpus_nr;
     bool new_cpu = false;
     const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
     char stimestamp[32];
 
     BUG_ON(this_cpu.cpu >= MAX_CPUS || this_cpu.cpu < 0);
 
     if (this_cpu.cpu > sched->max_cpu.cpu)
         sched->max_cpu = this_cpu;
 
     if (sched->map.comp) {
         cpus_nr = bitmap_weight(sched->map.comp_cpus_mask, MAX_CPUS);
         if (!test_and_set_bit(this_cpu.cpu, sched->map.comp_cpus_mask)) {
             sched->map.comp_cpus[cpus_nr++] = this_cpu;
             new_cpu = true;
         }
     } else
         cpus_nr = sched->max_cpu.cpu;
 
     timestamp0 = sched->cpu_last_switched[this_cpu.cpu];
     sched->cpu_last_switched[this_cpu.cpu] = timestamp;
     if (timestamp0)
         delta = timestamp - timestamp0;
     else
         delta = 0;
 
     if (delta < 0) {
         pr_err("hm, delta: %" PRIu64 " < 0 ?\n", delta);
         return -1;
     }
 
     sched_in = map__findnew_thread(sched, machine, -1, next_pid);
     if (sched_in == NULL)
         return -1;
 
     tr = thread__get_runtime(sched_in);
     if (tr == NULL) {
         thread__put(sched_in);
         return -1;
     }
 
     sched->curr_thread[this_cpu.cpu] = thread__get(sched_in);
 
     printf("  ");
 
     new_shortname = 0;
     if (!tr->shortname[0]) {
         if (!strcmp(thread__comm_str(sched_in), "swapper")) {
             /*
              * Don't allocate a letter-number for swapper:0
              * as a shortname. Instead, we use '.' for it.
              */
             tr->shortname[0] = '.';
             tr->shortname[1] = ' ';
         } else {
             tr->shortname[0] = sched->next_shortname1;
             tr->shortname[1] = sched->next_shortname2;
 
             if (sched->next_shortname1 < 'Z') {
                 sched->next_shortname1++;
             } else {
                 sched->next_shortname1 = 'A';
                 if (sched->next_shortname2 < '9')
                     sched->next_shortname2++;
                 else
                     sched->next_shortname2 = '0';
             }
         }
         new_shortname = 1;
     }
 
     for (i = 0; i < cpus_nr; i++) {
         struct perf_cpu cpu = {
             .cpu = sched->map.comp ? sched->map.comp_cpus[i].cpu : i,
         };
         struct thread *curr_thread = sched->curr_thread[cpu.cpu];
         struct thread_runtime *curr_tr;
         const char *pid_color = color;
         const char *cpu_color = color;
 
         if (curr_thread && thread__has_color(curr_thread))
             pid_color = COLOR_PIDS;
 
         if (sched->map.cpus && !perf_cpu_map__has(sched->map.cpus, cpu))
             continue;
 
         if (sched->map.color_cpus && perf_cpu_map__has(sched->map.color_cpus, cpu))
             cpu_color = COLOR_CPUS;
 
         if (cpu.cpu != this_cpu.cpu)
             color_fprintf(stdout, color, " ");
         else
             color_fprintf(stdout, cpu_color, "*");
 
         if (sched->curr_thread[cpu.cpu]) {
             curr_tr = thread__get_runtime(sched->curr_thread[cpu.cpu]);
             if (curr_tr == NULL) {
                 thread__put(sched_in);
                 return -1;
             }
             color_fprintf(stdout, pid_color, "%2s ", curr_tr->shortname);
         } else
             color_fprintf(stdout, color, "   ");
     }
 
     if (sched->map.cpus && !perf_cpu_map__has(sched->map.cpus, this_cpu))
         goto out;
 
     timestamp__scnprintf_usec(timestamp, stimestamp, sizeof(stimestamp));
     color_fprintf(stdout, color, "  %12s secs ", stimestamp);
     if (new_shortname || tr->comm_changed || (verbose > 0 && sched_in->tid)) {
         const char *pid_color = color;
 
         if (thread__has_color(sched_in))
             pid_color = COLOR_PIDS;
 
         color_fprintf(stdout, pid_color, "%s => %s:%d",
                tr->shortname, thread__comm_str(sched_in), sched_in->tid);
         tr->comm_changed = false;
     }
 
     if (sched->map.comp && new_cpu)
         color_fprintf(stdout, color, " (CPU %d)", this_cpu);
 
 out:
     color_fprintf(stdout, color, "\n");
 
     thread__put(sched_in);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int process_sched_switch_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                       struct evsel *evsel,
                       struct perf_sample *sample,
                       struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
     int this_cpu = sample->cpu, err = 0;
     u32 prev_pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "prev_pid"),
         next_pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "next_pid");
 
     if (sched->curr_pid[this_cpu] != (u32)-1) {
         /*
          * Are we trying to switch away a PID that is
          * not current?
          */
         if (sched->curr_pid[this_cpu] != prev_pid)
             sched->nr_context_switch_bugs++;
     }
 
     if (sched->tp_handler->switch_event)
         err = sched->tp_handler->switch_event(sched, evsel, sample, machine);
 
     sched->curr_pid[this_cpu] = next_pid;
     return err;
 }
 
 static int process_sched_runtime_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                        struct evsel *evsel,
                        struct perf_sample *sample,
                        struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
 
     if (sched->tp_handler->runtime_event)
         return sched->tp_handler->runtime_event(sched, evsel, sample, machine);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int perf_sched__process_fork_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                       union perf_event *event,
                       struct perf_sample *sample,
                       struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
 
     /* run the fork event through the perf machinery */
     perf_event__process_fork(tool, event, sample, machine);
 
     /* and then run additional processing needed for this command */
     if (sched->tp_handler->fork_event)
         return sched->tp_handler->fork_event(sched, event, machine);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int process_sched_migrate_task_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                         struct evsel *evsel,
                         struct perf_sample *sample,
                         struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
 
     if (sched->tp_handler->migrate_task_event)
         return sched->tp_handler->migrate_task_event(sched, evsel, sample, machine);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 typedef int (*tracepoint_handler)(struct perf_tool *tool,
                   struct evsel *evsel,
                   struct perf_sample *sample,
                   struct machine *machine);
 
 static int perf_sched__process_tracepoint_sample(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
                          union perf_event *event __maybe_unused,
                          struct perf_sample *sample,
                          struct evsel *evsel,
                          struct machine *machine)
 {
     int err = 0;
 
     if (evsel->handler != NULL) {
         tracepoint_handler f = evsel->handler;
         err = f(tool, evsel, sample, machine);
     }
 
     return err;
 }
 
 static int perf_sched__process_comm(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
                     union perf_event *event,
                     struct perf_sample *sample,
                     struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct thread *thread;
     struct thread_runtime *tr;
     int err;
 
     err = perf_event__process_comm(tool, event, sample, machine);
     if (err)
         return err;
 
     thread = machine__find_thread(machine, sample->pid, sample->tid);
     if (!thread) {
         pr_err("Internal error: can't find thread\n");
         return -1;
     }
 
     tr = thread__get_runtime(thread);
     if (tr == NULL) {
         thread__put(thread);
         return -1;
     }
 
     tr->comm_changed = true;
     thread__put(thread);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int perf_sched__read_events(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     const struct evsel_str_handler handlers[] = {
         { "sched:sched_switch",       process_sched_switch_event, },
         { "sched:sched_stat_runtime", process_sched_runtime_event, },
         { "sched:sched_wakeup",       process_sched_wakeup_event, },
         { "sched:sched_wakeup_new",   process_sched_wakeup_event, },
         { "sched:sched_migrate_task", process_sched_migrate_task_event, },
     };
     struct perf_session *session;
     struct perf_data data = {
         .path  = input_name,
         .mode  = PERF_DATA_MODE_READ,
         .force = sched->force,
     };
     int rc = -1;
 
     session = perf_session__new(&data, &sched->tool);
     if (IS_ERR(session)) {
         pr_debug("Error creating perf session");
         return PTR_ERR(session);
     }
 
     symbol__init(&session->header.env);
 
     if (perf_session__set_tracepoints_handlers(session, handlers))
         goto out_delete;
 
     if (perf_session__has_traces(session, "record -R")) {
         int err = perf_session__process_events(session);
         if (err) {
             pr_err("Failed to process events, error %d", err);
             goto out_delete;
         }
 
         sched->nr_events      = session->evlist->stats.nr_events[0];
         sched->nr_lost_events = session->evlist->stats.total_lost;
         sched->nr_lost_chunks = session->evlist->stats.nr_events[PERF_RECORD_LOST];
     }
 
     rc = 0;
 out_delete:
     perf_session__delete(session);
     return rc;
 }
 
 /*
  * scheduling times are printed as msec.usec
  */
 static inline void print_sched_time(unsigned long long nsecs, int width)
 {
     unsigned long msecs;
     unsigned long usecs;
 
     msecs  = nsecs / NSEC_PER_MSEC;
     nsecs -= msecs * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
     usecs  = nsecs / NSEC_PER_USEC;
     printf("%*lu.%03lu ", width, msecs, usecs);
 }
 
 /*
  * returns runtime data for event, allocating memory for it the
  * first time it is used.
  */
 static struct evsel_runtime *evsel__get_runtime(struct evsel *evsel)
 {
     struct evsel_runtime *r = evsel->priv;
 
     if (r == NULL) {
         r = zalloc(sizeof(struct evsel_runtime));
         evsel->priv = r;
     }
 
     return r;
 }
 
 /*
  * save last time event was seen per cpu
  */
 static void evsel__save_time(struct evsel *evsel, u64 timestamp, u32 cpu)
 {
     struct evsel_runtime *r = evsel__get_runtime(evsel);
 
     if (r == NULL)
         return;
 
     if ((cpu >= r->ncpu) || (r->last_time == NULL)) {
         int i, n = __roundup_pow_of_two(cpu+1);
         void *p = r->last_time;
 
         p = realloc(r->last_time, n * sizeof(u64));
         if (!p)
             return;
 
         r->last_time = p;
         for (i = r->ncpu; i < n; ++i)
             r->last_time[i] = (u64) 0;
 
         r->ncpu = n;
     }
 
     r->last_time[cpu] = timestamp;
 }
 
 /* returns last time this event was seen on the given cpu */
 static u64 evsel__get_time(struct evsel *evsel, u32 cpu)
 {
     struct evsel_runtime *r = evsel__get_runtime(evsel);
 
     if ((r == NULL) || (r->last_time == NULL) || (cpu >= r->ncpu))
         return 0;
 
     return r->last_time[cpu];
 }
 
 static int comm_width = 30;
 
 static char *timehist_get_commstr(struct thread *thread)
 {
     static char str[32];
     const char *comm = thread__comm_str(thread);
     pid_t tid = thread->tid;
     pid_t pid = thread->pid_;
     int n;
 
     if (pid == 0)
         n = scnprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s", comm);
 
     else if (tid != pid)
         n = scnprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s[%d/%d]", comm, tid, pid);
 
     else
         n = scnprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s[%d]", comm, tid);
 
     if (n > comm_width)
         comm_width = n;
 
     return str;
 }
 
 static void timehist_header(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     u32 ncpus = sched->max_cpu.cpu + 1;
     u32 i, j;
 
     printf("%15s %6s ", "time", "cpu");
 
     if (sched->show_cpu_visual) {
         printf(" ");
         for (i = 0, j = 0; i < ncpus; ++i) {
             printf("%x", j++);
             if (j > 15)
                 j = 0;
         }
         printf(" ");
     }
 
     printf(" %-*s  %9s  %9s  %9s", comm_width,
         "task name", "wait time", "sch delay", "run time");
 
     if (sched->show_state)
         printf("  %s", "state");
 
     printf("\n");
 
     /*
      * units row
      */
     printf("%15s %-6s ", "", "");
 
     if (sched->show_cpu_visual)
         printf(" %*s ", ncpus, "");
 
     printf(" %-*s  %9s  %9s  %9s", comm_width,
            "[tid/pid]", "(msec)", "(msec)", "(msec)");
 
     if (sched->show_state)
         printf("  %5s", "");
 
     printf("\n");
 
     /*
      * separator
      */
     printf("%.15s %.6s ", graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line);
 
     if (sched->show_cpu_visual)
         printf(" %.*s ", ncpus, graph_dotted_line);
 
     printf(" %.*s  %.9s  %.9s  %.9s", comm_width,
         graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line,
         graph_dotted_line);
 
     if (sched->show_state)
         printf("  %.5s", graph_dotted_line);
 
     printf("\n");
 }
 
 static char task_state_char(struct thread *thread, int state)
 {
     static const char state_to_char[] = TASK_STATE_TO_CHAR_STR;
     unsigned bit = state ? ffs(state) : 0;
 
     /* 'I' for idle */
     if (thread->tid == 0)
         return 'I';
 
     return bit < sizeof(state_to_char) - 1 ? state_to_char[bit] : '?';
 }
 
 static void timehist_print_sample(struct perf_sched *sched,
                   struct evsel *evsel,
                   struct perf_sample *sample,
                   struct addr_location *al,
                   struct thread *thread,
                   u64 t, int state)
 {
     struct thread_runtime *tr = thread__priv(thread);
     const char *next_comm = evsel__strval(evsel, sample, "next_comm");
     const u32 next_pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "next_pid");
     u32 max_cpus = sched->max_cpu.cpu + 1;
     char tstr[64];
     char nstr[30];
     u64 wait_time;
 
     if (cpu_list && !test_bit(sample->cpu, cpu_bitmap))
         return;
 
     timestamp__scnprintf_usec(t, tstr, sizeof(tstr));
     printf("%15s [%04d] ", tstr, sample->cpu);
 
     if (sched->show_cpu_visual) {
         u32 i;
         char c;
 
         printf(" ");
         for (i = 0; i < max_cpus; ++i) {
             /* flag idle times with 'i'; others are sched events */
             if (i == sample->cpu)
                 c = (thread->tid == 0) ? 'i' : 's';
             else
                 c = ' ';
             printf("%c", c);
         }
         printf(" ");
     }
 
     printf(" %-*s ", comm_width, timehist_get_commstr(thread));
 
     wait_time = tr->dt_sleep + tr->dt_iowait + tr->dt_preempt;
     print_sched_time(wait_time, 6);
 
     print_sched_time(tr->dt_delay, 6);
     print_sched_time(tr->dt_run, 6);
 
     if (sched->show_state)
         printf(" %5c ", task_state_char(thread, state));
 
     if (sched->show_next) {
         snprintf(nstr, sizeof(nstr), "next: %s[%d]", next_comm, next_pid);
         printf(" %-*s", comm_width, nstr);
     }
 
     if (sched->show_wakeups && !sched->show_next)
         printf("  %-*s", comm_width, "");
 
     if (thread->tid == 0)
         goto out;
 
     if (sched->show_callchain)
         printf("  ");
 
     sample__fprintf_sym(sample, al, 0,
                 EVSEL__PRINT_SYM | EVSEL__PRINT_ONELINE |
                 EVSEL__PRINT_CALLCHAIN_ARROW |
                 EVSEL__PRINT_SKIP_IGNORED,
                 &callchain_cursor, symbol_conf.bt_stop_list,  stdout);
 
 out:
     printf("\n");
 }
 
 /*
  * Explanation of delta-time stats:
  *
  *            t = time of current schedule out event
  *        tprev = time of previous sched out event
  *                also time of schedule-in event for current task
  *    last_time = time of last sched change event for current task
  *                (i.e, time process was last scheduled out)
  * ready_to_run = time of wakeup for current task
  *
  * -----|------------|------------|------------|------
  *    last         ready        tprev          t
  *    time         to run
  *
  *      |-------- dt_wait --------|
  *                   |- dt_delay -|-- dt_run --|
  *
  *   dt_run = run time of current task
  *  dt_wait = time between last schedule out event for task and tprev
  *            represents time spent off the cpu
  * dt_delay = time between wakeup and schedule-in of task
  */
 
 static void timehist_update_runtime_stats(struct thread_runtime *r,
                      u64 t, u64 tprev)
 {
     r->dt_delay   = 0;
     r->dt_sleep   = 0;
     r->dt_iowait  = 0;
     r->dt_preempt = 0;
     r->dt_run     = 0;
 
     if (tprev) {
         r->dt_run = t - tprev;
         if (r->ready_to_run) {
             if (r->ready_to_run > tprev)
                 pr_debug("time travel: wakeup time for task > previous sched_switch event\n");
             else
                 r->dt_delay = tprev - r->ready_to_run;
         }
 
         if (r->last_time > tprev)
             pr_debug("time travel: last sched out time for task > previous sched_switch event\n");
         else if (r->last_time) {
             u64 dt_wait = tprev - r->last_time;
 
             if (r->last_state == TASK_RUNNING)
                 r->dt_preempt = dt_wait;
             else if (r->last_state == TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE)
                 r->dt_iowait = dt_wait;
             else
                 r->dt_sleep = dt_wait;
         }
     }
 
     update_stats(&r->run_stats, r->dt_run);
 
     r->total_run_time     += r->dt_run;
     r->total_delay_time   += r->dt_delay;
     r->total_sleep_time   += r->dt_sleep;
     r->total_iowait_time  += r->dt_iowait;
     r->total_preempt_time += r->dt_preempt;
 }
 
 static bool is_idle_sample(struct perf_sample *sample,
                struct evsel *evsel)
 {
     /* pid 0 == swapper == idle task */
     if (strcmp(evsel__name(evsel), "sched:sched_switch") == 0)
         return evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "prev_pid") == 0;
 
     return sample->pid == 0;
 }
 
 static void save_task_callchain(struct perf_sched *sched,
                 struct perf_sample *sample,
                 struct evsel *evsel,
                 struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct callchain_cursor *cursor = &callchain_cursor;
     struct thread *thread;
 
     /* want main thread for process - has maps */
     thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, sample->pid, sample->pid);
     if (thread == NULL) {
         pr_debug("Failed to get thread for pid %d.\n", sample->pid);
         return;
     }
 
     if (!sched->show_callchain || sample->callchain == NULL)
         return;
 
     if (thread__resolve_callchain(thread, cursor, evsel, sample,
                       NULL, NULL, sched->max_stack + 2) != 0) {
         if (verbose > 0)
             pr_err("Failed to resolve callchain. Skipping\n");
 
         return;
     }
 
     callchain_cursor_commit(cursor);
 
     while (true) {
         struct callchain_cursor_node *node;
         struct symbol *sym;
 
         node = callchain_cursor_current(cursor);
         if (node == NULL)
             break;
 
         sym = node->ms.sym;
         if (sym) {
             if (!strcmp(sym->name, "schedule") ||
                 !strcmp(sym->name, "__schedule") ||
                 !strcmp(sym->name, "preempt_schedule"))
                 sym->ignore = 1;
         }
 
         callchain_cursor_advance(cursor);
     }
 }
 
 static int init_idle_thread(struct thread *thread)
 {
     struct idle_thread_runtime *itr;
 
     thread__set_comm(thread, idle_comm, 0);
 
     itr = zalloc(sizeof(*itr));
     if (itr == NULL)
         return -ENOMEM;
 
     init_stats(&itr->tr.run_stats);
     callchain_init(&itr->callchain);
     callchain_cursor_reset(&itr->cursor);
     thread__set_priv(thread, itr);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * Track idle stats per cpu by maintaining a local thread
  * struct for the idle task on each cpu.
  */
 static int init_idle_threads(int ncpu)
 {
     int i, ret;
 
     idle_threads = zalloc(ncpu * sizeof(struct thread *));
     if (!idle_threads)
         return -ENOMEM;
 
     idle_max_cpu = ncpu;
 
     /* allocate the actual thread struct if needed */
     for (i = 0; i < ncpu; ++i) {
         idle_threads[i] = thread__new(0, 0);
         if (idle_threads[i] == NULL)
             return -ENOMEM;
 
         ret = init_idle_thread(idle_threads[i]);
         if (ret < 0)
             return ret;
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static void free_idle_threads(void)
 {
     int i;
 
     if (idle_threads == NULL)
         return;
 
     for (i = 0; i < idle_max_cpu; ++i) {
         if ((idle_threads[i]))
             thread__delete(idle_threads[i]);
     }
 
     free(idle_threads);
 }
 
 static struct thread *get_idle_thread(int cpu)
 {
     /*
      * expand/allocate array of pointers to local thread
      * structs if needed
      */
     if ((cpu >= idle_max_cpu) || (idle_threads == NULL)) {
         int i, j = __roundup_pow_of_two(cpu+1);
         void *p;
 
         p = realloc(idle_threads, j * sizeof(struct thread *));
         if (!p)
             return NULL;
 
         idle_threads = (struct thread **) p;
         for (i = idle_max_cpu; i < j; ++i)
             idle_threads[i] = NULL;
 
         idle_max_cpu = j;
     }
 
     /* allocate a new thread struct if needed */
     if (idle_threads[cpu] == NULL) {
         idle_threads[cpu] = thread__new(0, 0);
 
         if (idle_threads[cpu]) {
             if (init_idle_thread(idle_threads[cpu]) < 0)
                 return NULL;
         }
     }
 
     return idle_threads[cpu];
 }
 
 static void save_idle_callchain(struct perf_sched *sched,
                 struct idle_thread_runtime *itr,
                 struct perf_sample *sample)
 {
     if (!sched->show_callchain || sample->callchain == NULL)
         return;
 
     callchain_cursor__copy(&itr->cursor, &callchain_cursor);
 }
 
 static struct thread *timehist_get_thread(struct perf_sched *sched,
                       struct perf_sample *sample,
                       struct machine *machine,
                       struct evsel *evsel)
 {
     struct thread *thread;
 
     if (is_idle_sample(sample, evsel)) {
         thread = get_idle_thread(sample->cpu);
         if (thread == NULL)
             pr_err("Failed to get idle thread for cpu %d.\n", sample->cpu);
 
     } else {
         /* there were samples with tid 0 but non-zero pid */
         thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, sample->pid,
                          sample->tid ?: sample->pid);
         if (thread == NULL) {
             pr_debug("Failed to get thread for tid %d. skipping sample.\n",
                  sample->tid);
         }
 
         save_task_callchain(sched, sample, evsel, machine);
         if (sched->idle_hist) {
             struct thread *idle;
             struct idle_thread_runtime *itr;
 
             idle = get_idle_thread(sample->cpu);
             if (idle == NULL) {
                 pr_err("Failed to get idle thread for cpu %d.\n", sample->cpu);
                 return NULL;
             }
 
             itr = thread__priv(idle);
             if (itr == NULL)
                 return NULL;
 
             itr->last_thread = thread;
 
             /* copy task callchain when entering to idle */
             if (evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "next_pid") == 0)
                 save_idle_callchain(sched, itr, sample);
         }
     }
 
     return thread;
 }
 
 static bool timehist_skip_sample(struct perf_sched *sched,
                  struct thread *thread,
                  struct evsel *evsel,
                  struct perf_sample *sample)
 {
     bool rc = false;
 
     if (thread__is_filtered(thread)) {
         rc = true;
         sched->skipped_samples++;
     }
 
     if (sched->idle_hist) {
         if (strcmp(evsel__name(evsel), "sched:sched_switch"))
             rc = true;
         else if (evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "prev_pid") != 0 &&
              evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "next_pid") != 0)
             rc = true;
     }
 
     return rc;
 }
 
 static void timehist_print_wakeup_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                     struct evsel *evsel,
                     struct perf_sample *sample,
                     struct machine *machine,
                     struct thread *awakened)
 {
     struct thread *thread;
     char tstr[64];
 
     thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, sample->pid, sample->tid);
     if (thread == NULL)
         return;
 
     /* show wakeup unless both awakee and awaker are filtered */
     if (timehist_skip_sample(sched, thread, evsel, sample) &&
         timehist_skip_sample(sched, awakened, evsel, sample)) {
         return;
     }
 
     timestamp__scnprintf_usec(sample->time, tstr, sizeof(tstr));
     printf("%15s [%04d] ", tstr, sample->cpu);
     if (sched->show_cpu_visual)
         printf(" %*s ", sched->max_cpu.cpu + 1, "");
 
     printf(" %-*s ", comm_width, timehist_get_commstr(thread));
 
     /* dt spacer */
     printf("  %9s  %9s  %9s ", "", "", "");
 
     printf("awakened: %s", timehist_get_commstr(awakened));
 
     printf("\n");
 }
 
 static int timehist_sched_wakeup_ignore(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
                     union perf_event *event __maybe_unused,
                     struct evsel *evsel __maybe_unused,
                     struct perf_sample *sample __maybe_unused,
                     struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
 {
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int timehist_sched_wakeup_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                        union perf_event *event __maybe_unused,
                        struct evsel *evsel,
                        struct perf_sample *sample,
                        struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
     struct thread *thread;
     struct thread_runtime *tr = NULL;
     /* want pid of awakened task not pid in sample */
     const u32 pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pid");
 
     thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, 0, pid);
     if (thread == NULL)
         return -1;
 
     tr = thread__get_runtime(thread);
     if (tr == NULL)
         return -1;
 
     if (tr->ready_to_run == 0)
         tr->ready_to_run = sample->time;
 
     /* show wakeups if requested */
     if (sched->show_wakeups &&
         !perf_time__skip_sample(&sched->ptime, sample->time))
         timehist_print_wakeup_event(sched, evsel, sample, machine, thread);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static void timehist_print_migration_event(struct perf_sched *sched,
                     struct evsel *evsel,
                     struct perf_sample *sample,
                     struct machine *machine,
                     struct thread *migrated)
 {
     struct thread *thread;
     char tstr[64];
     u32 max_cpus;
     u32 ocpu, dcpu;
 
     if (sched->summary_only)
         return;
 
     max_cpus = sched->max_cpu.cpu + 1;
     ocpu = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "orig_cpu");
     dcpu = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "dest_cpu");
 
     thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, sample->pid, sample->tid);
     if (thread == NULL)
         return;
 
     if (timehist_skip_sample(sched, thread, evsel, sample) &&
         timehist_skip_sample(sched, migrated, evsel, sample)) {
         return;
     }
 
     timestamp__scnprintf_usec(sample->time, tstr, sizeof(tstr));
     printf("%15s [%04d] ", tstr, sample->cpu);
 
     if (sched->show_cpu_visual) {
         u32 i;
         char c;
 
         printf("  ");
         for (i = 0; i < max_cpus; ++i) {
             c = (i == sample->cpu) ? 'm' : ' ';
             printf("%c", c);
         }
         printf("  ");
     }
 
     printf(" %-*s ", comm_width, timehist_get_commstr(thread));
 
     /* dt spacer */
     printf("  %9s  %9s  %9s ", "", "", "");
 
     printf("migrated: %s", timehist_get_commstr(migrated));
     printf(" cpu %d => %d", ocpu, dcpu);
 
     printf("\n");
 }
 
 static int timehist_migrate_task_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                        union perf_event *event __maybe_unused,
                        struct evsel *evsel,
                        struct perf_sample *sample,
                        struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
     struct thread *thread;
     struct thread_runtime *tr = NULL;
     /* want pid of migrated task not pid in sample */
     const u32 pid = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "pid");
 
     thread = machine__findnew_thread(machine, 0, pid);
     if (thread == NULL)
         return -1;
 
     tr = thread__get_runtime(thread);
     if (tr == NULL)
         return -1;
 
     tr->migrations++;
 
     /* show migrations if requested */
     timehist_print_migration_event(sched, evsel, sample, machine, thread);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int timehist_sched_change_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                        union perf_event *event,
                        struct evsel *evsel,
                        struct perf_sample *sample,
                        struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
     struct perf_time_interval *ptime = &sched->ptime;
     struct addr_location al;
     struct thread *thread;
     struct thread_runtime *tr = NULL;
     u64 tprev, t = sample->time;
     int rc = 0;
     int state = evsel__intval(evsel, sample, "prev_state");
 
     if (machine__resolve(machine, &al, sample) < 0) {
         pr_err("problem processing %d event. skipping it\n",
                event->header.type);
         rc = -1;
         goto out;
     }
 
     thread = timehist_get_thread(sched, sample, machine, evsel);
     if (thread == NULL) {
         rc = -1;
         goto out;
     }
 
     if (timehist_skip_sample(sched, thread, evsel, sample))
         goto out;
 
     tr = thread__get_runtime(thread);
     if (tr == NULL) {
         rc = -1;
         goto out;
     }
 
     tprev = evsel__get_time(evsel, sample->cpu);
 
     /*
      * If start time given:
      * - sample time is under window user cares about - skip sample
      * - tprev is under window user cares about  - reset to start of window
      */
     if (ptime->start && ptime->start > t)
         goto out;
 
     if (tprev && ptime->start > tprev)
         tprev = ptime->start;
 
     /*
      * If end time given:
      * - previous sched event is out of window - we are done
      * - sample time is beyond window user cares about - reset it
      *   to close out stats for time window interest
      */
     if (ptime->end) {
         if (tprev > ptime->end)
             goto out;
 
         if (t > ptime->end)
             t = ptime->end;
     }
 
     if (!sched->idle_hist || thread->tid == 0) {
         if (!cpu_list || test_bit(sample->cpu, cpu_bitmap))
             timehist_update_runtime_stats(tr, t, tprev);
 
         if (sched->idle_hist) {
             struct idle_thread_runtime *itr = (void *)tr;
             struct thread_runtime *last_tr;
 
             BUG_ON(thread->tid != 0);
 
             if (itr->last_thread == NULL)
                 goto out;
 
             /* add current idle time as last thread's runtime */
             last_tr = thread__get_runtime(itr->last_thread);
             if (last_tr == NULL)
                 goto out;
 
             timehist_update_runtime_stats(last_tr, t, tprev);
             /*
              * remove delta time of last thread as it's not updated
              * and otherwise it will show an invalid value next
              * time.  we only care total run time and run stat.
              */
             last_tr->dt_run = 0;
             last_tr->dt_delay = 0;
             last_tr->dt_sleep = 0;
             last_tr->dt_iowait = 0;
             last_tr->dt_preempt = 0;
 
             if (itr->cursor.nr)
                 callchain_append(&itr->callchain, &itr->cursor, t - tprev);
 
             itr->last_thread = NULL;
         }
     }
 
     if (!sched->summary_only)
         timehist_print_sample(sched, evsel, sample, &al, thread, t, state);
 
 out:
     if (sched->hist_time.start == 0 && t >= ptime->start)
         sched->hist_time.start = t;
     if (ptime->end == 0 || t <= ptime->end)
         sched->hist_time.end = t;
 
     if (tr) {
         /* time of this sched_switch event becomes last time task seen */
         tr->last_time = sample->time;
 
         /* last state is used to determine where to account wait time */
         tr->last_state = state;
 
         /* sched out event for task so reset ready to run time */
         tr->ready_to_run = 0;
     }
 
     evsel__save_time(evsel, sample->time, sample->cpu);
 
     return rc;
 }
 
 static int timehist_sched_switch_event(struct perf_tool *tool,
                  union perf_event *event,
                  struct evsel *evsel,
                  struct perf_sample *sample,
                  struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
 {
     return timehist_sched_change_event(tool, event, evsel, sample, machine);
 }
 
 static int process_lost(struct perf_tool *tool __maybe_unused,
             union perf_event *event,
             struct perf_sample *sample,
             struct machine *machine __maybe_unused)
 {
     char tstr[64];
 
     timestamp__scnprintf_usec(sample->time, tstr, sizeof(tstr));
     printf("%15s ", tstr);
     printf("lost %" PRI_lu64 " events on cpu %d\n", event->lost.lost, sample->cpu);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 static void print_thread_runtime(struct thread *t,
                  struct thread_runtime *r)
 {
     double mean = avg_stats(&r->run_stats);
     float stddev;
 
     printf("%*s   %5d  %9" PRIu64 " ",
            comm_width, timehist_get_commstr(t), t->ppid,
            (u64) r->run_stats.n);
 
     print_sched_time(r->total_run_time, 8);
     stddev = rel_stddev_stats(stddev_stats(&r->run_stats), mean);
     print_sched_time(r->run_stats.min, 6);
     printf(" ");
     print_sched_time((u64) mean, 6);
     printf(" ");
     print_sched_time(r->run_stats.max, 6);
     printf("  ");
     printf("%5.2f", stddev);
     printf("   %5" PRIu64, r->migrations);
     printf("\n");
 }
 
 static void print_thread_waittime(struct thread *t,
                   struct thread_runtime *r)
 {
     printf("%*s   %5d  %9" PRIu64 " ",
            comm_width, timehist_get_commstr(t), t->ppid,
            (u64) r->run_stats.n);
 
     print_sched_time(r->total_run_time, 8);
     print_sched_time(r->total_sleep_time, 6);
     printf(" ");
     print_sched_time(r->total_iowait_time, 6);
     printf(" ");
     print_sched_time(r->total_preempt_time, 6);
     printf(" ");
     print_sched_time(r->total_delay_time, 6);
     printf("\n");
 }
 
 struct total_run_stats {
     struct perf_sched *sched;
     u64  sched_count;
     u64  task_count;
     u64  total_run_time;
 };
 
 static int __show_thread_runtime(struct thread *t, void *priv)
 {
     struct total_run_stats *stats = priv;
     struct thread_runtime *r;
 
     if (thread__is_filtered(t))
         return 0;
 
     r = thread__priv(t);
     if (r && r->run_stats.n) {
         stats->task_count++;
         stats->sched_count += r->run_stats.n;
         stats->total_run_time += r->total_run_time;
 
         if (stats->sched->show_state)
             print_thread_waittime(t, r);
         else
             print_thread_runtime(t, r);
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int show_thread_runtime(struct thread *t, void *priv)
 {
     if (t->dead)
         return 0;
 
     return __show_thread_runtime(t, priv);
 }
 
 static int show_deadthread_runtime(struct thread *t, void *priv)
 {
     if (!t->dead)
         return 0;
 
     return __show_thread_runtime(t, priv);
 }
 
 static size_t callchain__fprintf_folded(FILE *fp, struct callchain_node *node)
 {
     const char *sep = " <- ";
     struct callchain_list *chain;
     size_t ret = 0;
     char bf[1024];
     bool first;
 
     if (node == NULL)
         return 0;
 
     ret = callchain__fprintf_folded(fp, node->parent);
     first = (ret == 0);
 
     list_for_each_entry(chain, &node->val, list) {
         if (chain->ip >= PERF_CONTEXT_MAX)
             continue;
         if (chain->ms.sym && chain->ms.sym->ignore)
             continue;
         ret += fprintf(fp, "%s%s", first ? "" : sep,
                    callchain_list__sym_name(chain, bf, sizeof(bf),
                             false));
         first = false;
     }
 
     return ret;
 }
 
 static size_t timehist_print_idlehist_callchain(struct rb_root_cached *root)
 {
     size_t ret = 0;
     FILE *fp = stdout;
     struct callchain_node *chain;
     struct rb_node *rb_node = rb_first_cached(root);
 
     printf("  %16s  %8s  %s\n", "Idle time (msec)", "Count", "Callchains");
     printf("  %.16s  %.8s  %.50s\n", graph_dotted_line, graph_dotted_line,
            graph_dotted_line);
 
     while (rb_node) {
         chain = rb_entry(rb_node, struct callchain_node, rb_node);
         rb_node = rb_next(rb_node);
 
         ret += fprintf(fp, "  ");
         print_sched_time(chain->hit, 12);
         ret += 16;  /* print_sched_time returns 2nd arg + 4 */
         ret += fprintf(fp, " %8d  ", chain->count);
         ret += callchain__fprintf_folded(fp, chain);
         ret += fprintf(fp, "\n");
     }
 
     return ret;
 }
 
 static void timehist_print_summary(struct perf_sched *sched,
                    struct perf_session *session)
 {
     struct machine *m = &session->machines.host;
     struct total_run_stats totals;
     u64 task_count;
     struct thread *t;
     struct thread_runtime *r;
     int i;
     u64 hist_time = sched->hist_time.end - sched->hist_time.start;
 
     memset(&totals, 0, sizeof(totals));
     totals.sched = sched;
 
     if (sched->idle_hist) {
         printf("\nIdle-time summary\n");
         printf("%*s  parent  sched-out  ", comm_width, "comm");
         printf("  idle-time   min-idle    avg-idle    max-idle  stddev  migrations\n");
     } else if (sched->show_state) {
         printf("\nWait-time summary\n");
         printf("%*s  parent   sched-in  ", comm_width, "comm");
         printf("   run-time      sleep      iowait     preempt       delay\n");
     } else {
         printf("\nRuntime summary\n");
         printf("%*s  parent   sched-in  ", comm_width, "comm");
         printf("   run-time    min-run     avg-run     max-run  stddev  migrations\n");
     }
     printf("%*s            (count)  ", comm_width, "");
     printf("     (msec)     (msec)      (msec)      (msec)       %s\n",
            sched->show_state ? "(msec)" : "%");
     printf("%.117s\n", graph_dotted_line);
 
     machine__for_each_thread(m, show_thread_runtime, &totals);
     task_count = totals.task_count;
     if (!task_count)
         printf("<no still running tasks>\n");
 
     printf("\nTerminated tasks:\n");
     machine__for_each_thread(m, show_deadthread_runtime, &totals);
     if (task_count == totals.task_count)
         printf("<no terminated tasks>\n");
 
     /* CPU idle stats not tracked when samples were skipped */
     if (sched->skipped_samples && !sched->idle_hist)
         return;
 
     printf("\nIdle stats:\n");
     for (i = 0; i < idle_max_cpu; ++i) {
         if (cpu_list && !test_bit(i, cpu_bitmap))
             continue;
 
         t = idle_threads[i];
         if (!t)
             continue;
 
         r = thread__priv(t);
         if (r && r->run_stats.n) {
             totals.sched_count += r->run_stats.n;
             printf("    CPU %2d idle for ", i);
             print_sched_time(r->total_run_time, 6);
             printf(" msec  (%6.2f%%)\n", 100.0 * r->total_run_time / hist_time);
         } else
             printf("    CPU %2d idle entire time window\n", i);
     }
 
     if (sched->idle_hist && sched->show_callchain) {
         callchain_param.mode  = CHAIN_FOLDED;
         callchain_param.value = CCVAL_PERIOD;
 
         callchain_register_param(&callchain_param);
 
         printf("\nIdle stats by callchain:\n");
         for (i = 0; i < idle_max_cpu; ++i) {
             struct idle_thread_runtime *itr;
 
             t = idle_threads[i];
             if (!t)
                 continue;
 
             itr = thread__priv(t);
             if (itr == NULL)
                 continue;
 
             callchain_param.sort(&itr->sorted_root.rb_root, &itr->callchain,
                          0, &callchain_param);
 
             printf("  CPU %2d:", i);
             print_sched_time(itr->tr.total_run_time, 6);
             printf(" msec\n");
             timehist_print_idlehist_callchain(&itr->sorted_root);
             printf("\n");
         }
     }
 
     printf("\n"
            "    Total number of unique tasks: %" PRIu64 "\n"
            "Total number of context switches: %" PRIu64 "\n",
            totals.task_count, totals.sched_count);
 
     printf("           Total run time (msec): ");
     print_sched_time(totals.total_run_time, 2);
     printf("\n");
 
     printf("    Total scheduling time (msec): ");
     print_sched_time(hist_time, 2);
     printf(" (x %d)\n", sched->max_cpu.cpu);
 }
 
 typedef int (*sched_handler)(struct perf_tool *tool,
               union perf_event *event,
               struct evsel *evsel,
               struct perf_sample *sample,
               struct machine *machine);
 
 static int perf_timehist__process_sample(struct perf_tool *tool,
                      union perf_event *event,
                      struct perf_sample *sample,
                      struct evsel *evsel,
                      struct machine *machine)
 {
     struct perf_sched *sched = container_of(tool, struct perf_sched, tool);
     int err = 0;
     struct perf_cpu this_cpu = {
         .cpu = sample->cpu,
     };
 
     if (this_cpu.cpu > sched->max_cpu.cpu)
         sched->max_cpu = this_cpu;
 
     if (evsel->handler != NULL) {
         sched_handler f = evsel->handler;
 
         err = f(tool, event, evsel, sample, machine);
     }
 
     return err;
 }
 
 static int timehist_check_attr(struct perf_sched *sched,
                    struct evlist *evlist)
 {
     struct evsel *evsel;
     struct evsel_runtime *er;
 
     list_for_each_entry(evsel, &evlist->core.entries, core.node) {
         er = evsel__get_runtime(evsel);
         if (er == NULL) {
             pr_err("Failed to allocate memory for evsel runtime data\n");
             return -1;
         }
 
         if (sched->show_callchain && !evsel__has_callchain(evsel)) {
             pr_info("Samples do not have callchains.\n");
             sched->show_callchain = 0;
             symbol_conf.use_callchain = 0;
         }
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int perf_sched__timehist(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct evsel_str_handler handlers[] = {
         { "sched:sched_switch",       timehist_sched_switch_event, },
         { "sched:sched_wakeup",       timehist_sched_wakeup_event, },
         { "sched:sched_waking",       timehist_sched_wakeup_event, },
         { "sched:sched_wakeup_new",   timehist_sched_wakeup_event, },
     };
     const struct evsel_str_handler migrate_handlers[] = {
         { "sched:sched_migrate_task", timehist_migrate_task_event, },
     };
     struct perf_data data = {
         .path  = input_name,
         .mode  = PERF_DATA_MODE_READ,
         .force = sched->force,
     };
 
     struct perf_session *session;
     struct evlist *evlist;
     int err = -1;
 
     /*
      * event handlers for timehist option
      */
     sched->tool.sample   = perf_timehist__process_sample;
     sched->tool.mmap     = perf_event__process_mmap;
     sched->tool.comm     = perf_event__process_comm;
     sched->tool.exit     = perf_event__process_exit;
     sched->tool.fork     = perf_event__process_fork;
     sched->tool.lost     = process_lost;
     sched->tool.attr     = perf_event__process_attr;
     sched->tool.tracing_data = perf_event__process_tracing_data;
     sched->tool.build_id     = perf_event__process_build_id;
 
     sched->tool.ordered_events = true;
     sched->tool.ordering_requires_timestamps = true;
 
     symbol_conf.use_callchain = sched->show_callchain;
 
     session = perf_session__new(&data, &sched->tool);
     if (IS_ERR(session))
         return PTR_ERR(session);
 
     if (cpu_list) {
         err = perf_session__cpu_bitmap(session, cpu_list, cpu_bitmap);
         if (err < 0)
             goto out;
     }
 
     evlist = session->evlist;
 
     symbol__init(&session->header.env);
 
     if (perf_time__parse_str(&sched->ptime, sched->time_str) != 0) {
         pr_err("Invalid time string\n");
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
     if (timehist_check_attr(sched, evlist) != 0)
         goto out;
 
     setup_pager();
 
     /* prefer sched_waking if it is captured */
     if (evlist__find_tracepoint_by_name(session->evlist, "sched:sched_waking"))
         handlers[1].handler = timehist_sched_wakeup_ignore;
 
     /* setup per-evsel handlers */
     if (perf_session__set_tracepoints_handlers(session, handlers))
         goto out;
 
     /* sched_switch event at a minimum needs to exist */
     if (!evlist__find_tracepoint_by_name(session->evlist, "sched:sched_switch")) {
         pr_err("No sched_switch events found. Have you run 'perf sched record'?\n");
         goto out;
     }
 
     if (sched->show_migrations &&
         perf_session__set_tracepoints_handlers(session, migrate_handlers))
         goto out;
 
     /* pre-allocate struct for per-CPU idle stats */
     sched->max_cpu.cpu = session->header.env.nr_cpus_online;
     if (sched->max_cpu.cpu == 0)
         sched->max_cpu.cpu = 4;
     if (init_idle_threads(sched->max_cpu.cpu))
         goto out;
 
     /* summary_only implies summary option, but don't overwrite summary if set */
     if (sched->summary_only)
         sched->summary = sched->summary_only;
 
     if (!sched->summary_only)
         timehist_header(sched);
 
     err = perf_session__process_events(session);
     if (err) {
         pr_err("Failed to process events, error %d", err);
         goto out;
     }
 
     sched->nr_events      = evlist->stats.nr_events[0];
     sched->nr_lost_events = evlist->stats.total_lost;
     sched->nr_lost_chunks = evlist->stats.nr_events[PERF_RECORD_LOST];
 
     if (sched->summary)
         timehist_print_summary(sched, session);
 
 out:
     free_idle_threads();
     perf_session__delete(session);
 
     return err;
 }
 
 
 static void print_bad_events(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     if (sched->nr_unordered_timestamps && sched->nr_timestamps) {
         printf("  INFO: %.3f%% unordered timestamps (%ld out of %ld)\n",
             (double)sched->nr_unordered_timestamps/(double)sched->nr_timestamps*100.0,
             sched->nr_unordered_timestamps, sched->nr_timestamps);
     }
     if (sched->nr_lost_events && sched->nr_events) {
         printf("  INFO: %.3f%% lost events (%ld out of %ld, in %ld chunks)\n",
             (double)sched->nr_lost_events/(double)sched->nr_events * 100.0,
             sched->nr_lost_events, sched->nr_events, sched->nr_lost_chunks);
     }
     if (sched->nr_context_switch_bugs && sched->nr_timestamps) {
         printf("  INFO: %.3f%% context switch bugs (%ld out of %ld)",
             (double)sched->nr_context_switch_bugs/(double)sched->nr_timestamps*100.0,
             sched->nr_context_switch_bugs, sched->nr_timestamps);
         if (sched->nr_lost_events)
             printf(" (due to lost events?)");
         printf("\n");
     }
 }
 
 static void __merge_work_atoms(struct rb_root_cached *root, struct work_atoms *data)
 {
     struct rb_node **new = &(root->rb_root.rb_node), *parent = NULL;
     struct work_atoms *this;
     const char *comm = thread__comm_str(data->thread), *this_comm;
     bool leftmost = true;
 
     while (*new) {
         int cmp;
 
         this = container_of(*new, struct work_atoms, node);
         parent = *new;
 
         this_comm = thread__comm_str(this->thread);
         cmp = strcmp(comm, this_comm);
         if (cmp > 0) {
             new = &((*new)->rb_left);
         } else if (cmp < 0) {
             new = &((*new)->rb_right);
             leftmost = false;
         } else {
             this->num_merged++;
             this->total_runtime += data->total_runtime;
             this->nb_atoms += data->nb_atoms;
             this->total_lat += data->total_lat;
             list_splice(&data->work_list, &this->work_list);
             if (this->max_lat < data->max_lat) {
                 this->max_lat = data->max_lat;
                 this->max_lat_start = data->max_lat_start;
                 this->max_lat_end = data->max_lat_end;
             }
             zfree(&data);
             return;
         }
     }
 
     data->num_merged++;
     rb_link_node(&data->node, parent, new);
     rb_insert_color_cached(&data->node, root, leftmost);
 }
 
 static void perf_sched__merge_lat(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct work_atoms *data;
     struct rb_node *node;
 
     if (sched->skip_merge)
         return;
 
     while ((node = rb_first_cached(&sched->atom_root))) {
         rb_erase_cached(node, &sched->atom_root);
         data = rb_entry(node, struct work_atoms, node);
         __merge_work_atoms(&sched->merged_atom_root, data);
     }
 }
 
 static int perf_sched__lat(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct rb_node *next;
 
     setup_pager();
 
     if (perf_sched__read_events(sched))
         return -1;
 
     perf_sched__merge_lat(sched);
     perf_sched__sort_lat(sched);
 
     printf("\n -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
     printf("  Task                  |   Runtime ms  | Switches | Avg delay ms    | Max delay ms    | Max delay start           | Max delay end          |\n");
     printf(" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
 
     next = rb_first_cached(&sched->sorted_atom_root);
 
     while (next) {
         struct work_atoms *work_list;
 
         work_list = rb_entry(next, struct work_atoms, node);
         output_lat_thread(sched, work_list);
         next = rb_next(next);
         thread__zput(work_list->thread);
     }
 
     printf(" -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
     printf("  TOTAL:                |%11.3f ms |%9" PRIu64 " |\n",
         (double)sched->all_runtime / NSEC_PER_MSEC, sched->all_count);
 
     printf(" ---------------------------------------------------\n");
 
     print_bad_events(sched);
     printf("\n");
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int setup_map_cpus(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct perf_cpu_map *map;
 
     sched->max_cpu.cpu  = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF);
 
     if (sched->map.comp) {
         sched->map.comp_cpus = zalloc(sched->max_cpu.cpu * sizeof(int));
         if (!sched->map.comp_cpus)
             return -1;
     }
 
     if (!sched->map.cpus_str)
         return 0;
 
     map = perf_cpu_map__new(sched->map.cpus_str);
     if (!map) {
         pr_err("failed to get cpus map from %s\n", sched->map.cpus_str);
         return -1;
     }
 
     sched->map.cpus = map;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int setup_color_pids(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct perf_thread_map *map;
 
     if (!sched->map.color_pids_str)
         return 0;
 
     map = thread_map__new_by_tid_str(sched->map.color_pids_str);
     if (!map) {
         pr_err("failed to get thread map from %s\n", sched->map.color_pids_str);
         return -1;
     }
 
     sched->map.color_pids = map;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int setup_color_cpus(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     struct perf_cpu_map *map;
 
     if (!sched->map.color_cpus_str)
         return 0;
 
     map = perf_cpu_map__new(sched->map.color_cpus_str);
     if (!map) {
         pr_err("failed to get thread map from %s\n", sched->map.color_cpus_str);
         return -1;
     }
 
     sched->map.color_cpus = map;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int perf_sched__map(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     if (setup_map_cpus(sched))
         return -1;
 
     if (setup_color_pids(sched))
         return -1;
 
     if (setup_color_cpus(sched))
         return -1;
 
     setup_pager();
     if (perf_sched__read_events(sched))
         return -1;
     print_bad_events(sched);
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int perf_sched__replay(struct perf_sched *sched)
 {
     unsigned long i;
 
     calibrate_run_measurement_overhead(sched);
     calibrate_sleep_measurement_overhead(sched);
 
     test_calibrations(sched);
 
     if (perf_sched__read_events(sched))
         return -1;
 
     printf("nr_run_events:        %ld\n", sched->nr_run_events);
     printf("nr_sleep_events:      %ld\n", sched->nr_sleep_events);
     printf("nr_wakeup_events:     %ld\n", sched->nr_wakeup_events);
 
     if (sched->targetless_wakeups)
         printf("target-less wakeups:  %ld\n", sched->targetless_wakeups);
     if (sched->multitarget_wakeups)
         printf("multi-target wakeups: %ld\n", sched->multitarget_wakeups);
     if (sched->nr_run_events_optimized)
         printf("run atoms optimized: %ld\n",
             sched->nr_run_events_optimized);
 
     print_task_traces(sched);
     add_cross_task_wakeups(sched);
 
     create_tasks(sched);
     printf("------------------------------------------------------------\n");
     for (i = 0; i < sched->replay_repeat; i++)
         run_one_test(sched);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static void setup_sorting(struct perf_sched *sched, const struct option *options,
               const char * const usage_msg[])
 {
     char *tmp, *tok, *str = strdup(sched->sort_order);
 
     for (tok = strtok_r(str, ", ", &tmp);
             tok; tok = strtok_r(NULL, ", ", &tmp)) {
         if (sort_dimension__add(tok, &sched->sort_list) < 0) {
             usage_with_options_msg(usage_msg, options,
                     "Unknown --sort key: `%s'", tok);
         }
     }
 
     free(str);
 
     sort_dimension__add("pid", &sched->cmp_pid);
 }
 
 static bool schedstat_events_exposed(void)
 {
     /*
      * Select "sched:sched_stat_wait" event to check
      * whether schedstat tracepoints are exposed.
      */
     return IS_ERR(trace_event__tp_format("sched", "sched_stat_wait")) ?
         false : true;
 }
 
 static int __cmd_record(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
     unsigned int rec_argc, i, j;
     char **rec_argv;
     const char **rec_argv_copy;
     const char * const record_args[] = {
         "record",
         "-a",
         "-R",
         "-m", "1024",
         "-c", "1",
         "-e", "sched:sched_switch",
         "-e", "sched:sched_stat_runtime",
         "-e", "sched:sched_process_fork",
         "-e", "sched:sched_wakeup_new",
         "-e", "sched:sched_migrate_task",
     };
 
     /*
      * The tracepoints trace_sched_stat_{wait, sleep, iowait}
      * are not exposed to user if CONFIG_SCHEDSTATS is not set,
      * to prevent "perf sched record" execution failure, determine
      * whether to record schedstat events according to actual situation.
      */
     const char * const schedstat_args[] = {
         "-e", "sched:sched_stat_wait",
         "-e", "sched:sched_stat_sleep",
         "-e", "sched:sched_stat_iowait",
     };
     unsigned int schedstat_argc = schedstat_events_exposed() ?
         ARRAY_SIZE(schedstat_args) : 0;
 
     struct tep_event *waking_event;
     int ret;
 
     /*
      * +2 for either "-e", "sched:sched_wakeup" or
      * "-e", "sched:sched_waking"
      */
     rec_argc = ARRAY_SIZE(record_args) + 2 + schedstat_argc + argc - 1;
     rec_argv = calloc(rec_argc + 1, sizeof(char *));
     if (rec_argv == NULL)
         return -ENOMEM;
     rec_argv_copy = calloc(rec_argc + 1, sizeof(char *));
     if (rec_argv_copy == NULL) {
         free(rec_argv);
         return -ENOMEM;
     }
 
     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(record_args); i++)
         rec_argv[i] = strdup(record_args[i]);
 
     rec_argv[i++] = strdup("-e");
     waking_event = trace_event__tp_format("sched", "sched_waking");
     if (!IS_ERR(waking_event))
         rec_argv[i++] = strdup("sched:sched_waking");
     else
         rec_argv[i++] = strdup("sched:sched_wakeup");
 
     for (j = 0; j < schedstat_argc; j++)
         rec_argv[i++] = strdup(schedstat_args[j]);
 
     for (j = 1; j < (unsigned int)argc; j++, i++)
         rec_argv[i] = strdup(argv[j]);
 
     BUG_ON(i != rec_argc);
 
     memcpy(rec_argv_copy, rec_argv, sizeof(char *) * rec_argc);
     ret = cmd_record(rec_argc, rec_argv_copy);
 
     for (i = 0; i < rec_argc; i++)
         free(rec_argv[i]);
     free(rec_argv);
     free(rec_argv_copy);
 
     return ret;
 }
 
 int cmd_sched(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
     static const char default_sort_order[] = "avg, max, switch, runtime";
     struct perf_sched sched = {
         .tool = {
             .sample      = perf_sched__process_tracepoint_sample,
             .comm        = perf_sched__process_comm,
             .namespaces  = perf_event__process_namespaces,
             .lost        = perf_event__process_lost,
             .fork        = perf_sched__process_fork_event,
             .ordered_events = true,
         },
         .cmp_pid          = LIST_HEAD_INIT(sched.cmp_pid),
         .sort_list        = LIST_HEAD_INIT(sched.sort_list),
         .start_work_mutex     = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
         .work_done_wait_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER,
         .sort_order       = default_sort_order,
         .replay_repeat        = 10,
         .profile_cpu          = -1,
         .next_shortname1      = 'A',
         .next_shortname2      = '0',
         .skip_merge           = 0,
         .show_callchain       = 1,
         .max_stack            = 5,
     };
     const struct option sched_options[] = {
     OPT_STRING('i', "input", &input_name, "file",
             "input file name"),
     OPT_INCR('v', "verbose", &verbose,
             "be more verbose (show symbol address, etc)"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('D', "dump-raw-trace", &dump_trace,
             "dump raw trace in ASCII"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force", &sched.force, "don't complain, do it"),
     OPT_END()
     };
     const struct option latency_options[] = {
     OPT_STRING('s', "sort", &sched.sort_order, "key[,key2...]",
            "sort by key(s): runtime, switch, avg, max"),
     OPT_INTEGER('C', "CPU", &sched.profile_cpu,
             "CPU to profile on"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "pids", &sched.skip_merge,
             "latency stats per pid instead of per comm"),
     OPT_PARENT(sched_options)
     };
     const struct option replay_options[] = {
     OPT_UINTEGER('r', "repeat", &sched.replay_repeat,
              "repeat the workload replay N times (-1: infinite)"),
     OPT_PARENT(sched_options)
     };
     const struct option map_options[] = {
     OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "compact", &sched.map.comp,
             "map output in compact mode"),
     OPT_STRING(0, "color-pids", &sched.map.color_pids_str, "pids",
            "highlight given pids in map"),
     OPT_STRING(0, "color-cpus", &sched.map.color_cpus_str, "cpus",
                     "highlight given CPUs in map"),
     OPT_STRING(0, "cpus", &sched.map.cpus_str, "cpus",
                     "display given CPUs in map"),
     OPT_PARENT(sched_options)
     };
     const struct option timehist_options[] = {
     OPT_STRING('k', "vmlinux", &symbol_conf.vmlinux_name,
            "file", "vmlinux pathname"),
     OPT_STRING(0, "kallsyms", &symbol_conf.kallsyms_name,
            "file", "kallsyms pathname"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('g', "call-graph", &sched.show_callchain,
             "Display call chains if present (default on)"),
     OPT_UINTEGER(0, "max-stack", &sched.max_stack,
            "Maximum number of functions to display backtrace."),
     OPT_STRING(0, "symfs", &symbol_conf.symfs, "directory",
             "Look for files with symbols relative to this directory"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "summary", &sched.summary_only,
             "Show only syscall summary with statistics"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('S', "with-summary", &sched.summary,
             "Show all syscalls and summary with statistics"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('w', "wakeups", &sched.show_wakeups, "Show wakeup events"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "next", &sched.show_next, "Show next task"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('M', "migrations", &sched.show_migrations, "Show migration events"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('V', "cpu-visual", &sched.show_cpu_visual, "Add CPU visual"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN('I', "idle-hist", &sched.idle_hist, "Show idle events only"),
     OPT_STRING(0, "time", &sched.time_str, "str",
            "Time span for analysis (start,stop)"),
     OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "state", &sched.show_state, "Show task state when sched-out"),
     OPT_STRING('p', "pid", &symbol_conf.pid_list_str, "pid[,pid...]",
            "analyze events only for given process id(s)"),
     OPT_STRING('t', "tid", &symbol_conf.tid_list_str, "tid[,tid...]",
            "analyze events only for given thread id(s)"),
     OPT_STRING('C', "cpu", &cpu_list, "cpu", "list of cpus to profile"),
     OPT_PARENT(sched_options)
     };
 
     const char * const latency_usage[] = {
         "perf sched latency [<options>]",
         NULL
     };
     const char * const replay_usage[] = {
         "perf sched replay [<options>]",
         NULL
     };
     const char * const map_usage[] = {
         "perf sched map [<options>]",
         NULL
     };
     const char * const timehist_usage[] = {
         "perf sched timehist [<options>]",
         NULL
     };
     const char *const sched_subcommands[] = { "record", "latency", "map",
                           "replay", "script",
                           "timehist", NULL };
     const char *sched_usage[] = {
         NULL,
         NULL
     };
     struct trace_sched_handler lat_ops  = {
         .wakeup_event       = latency_wakeup_event,
         .switch_event       = latency_switch_event,
         .runtime_event      = latency_runtime_event,
         .migrate_task_event = latency_migrate_task_event,
     };
     struct trace_sched_handler map_ops  = {
         .switch_event       = map_switch_event,
     };
     struct trace_sched_handler replay_ops  = {
         .wakeup_event       = replay_wakeup_event,
         .switch_event       = replay_switch_event,
         .fork_event     = replay_fork_event,
     };
     unsigned int i;
     int ret;
 
     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sched.curr_pid); i++)
         sched.curr_pid[i] = -1;
 
     argc = parse_options_subcommand(argc, argv, sched_options, sched_subcommands,
                     sched_usage, PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION);
     if (!argc)
         usage_with_options(sched_usage, sched_options);
 
     /*
      * Aliased to 'perf script' for now:
      */
     if (!strcmp(argv[0], "script"))
         return cmd_script(argc, argv);
 
     if (strlen(argv[0]) > 2 && strstarts("record", argv[0])) {
         return __cmd_record(argc, argv);
     } else if (strlen(argv[0]) > 2 && strstarts("latency", argv[0])) {
         sched.tp_handler = &lat_ops;
         if (argc > 1) {
             argc = parse_options(argc, argv, latency_options, latency_usage, 0);
             if (argc)
                 usage_with_options(latency_usage, latency_options);
         }
         setup_sorting(&sched, latency_options, latency_usage);
         return perf_sched__lat(&sched);
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "map")) {
         if (argc) {
             argc = parse_options(argc, argv, map_options, map_usage, 0);
             if (argc)
                 usage_with_options(map_usage, map_options);
         }
         sched.tp_handler = &map_ops;
         setup_sorting(&sched, latency_options, latency_usage);
         return perf_sched__map(&sched);
     } else if (strlen(argv[0]) > 2 && strstarts("replay", argv[0])) {
         sched.tp_handler = &replay_ops;
         if (argc) {
             argc = parse_options(argc, argv, replay_options, replay_usage, 0);
             if (argc)
                 usage_with_options(replay_usage, replay_options);
         }
         return perf_sched__replay(&sched);
     } else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "timehist")) {
         if (argc) {
             argc = parse_options(argc, argv, timehist_options,
                          timehist_usage, 0);
             if (argc)
                 usage_with_options(timehist_usage, timehist_options);
         }
         if ((sched.show_wakeups || sched.show_next) &&
             sched.summary_only) {
             pr_err(" Error: -s and -[n|w] are mutually exclusive.\n");
             parse_options_usage(timehist_usage, timehist_options, "s", true);
             if (sched.show_wakeups)
                 parse_options_usage(NULL, timehist_options, "w", true);
             if (sched.show_next)
                 parse_options_usage(NULL, timehist_options, "n", true);
             return -EINVAL;
         }
         ret = symbol__validate_sym_arguments();
         if (ret)
             return ret;
 
         return perf_sched__timehist(&sched);
     } else {
         usage_with_options(sched_usage, sched_options);
     }
 
     return 0;
 }