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	Version: linux-6.0.1 spark-3.0.0 hadoop-3.2.0-src hadoop-3.3.0-src spark-2.4.7 linux-4.15.13 hadoop-2.7.4-src Revert   Change

 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  */
 
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/usb.h>
 #include <linux/usb/audio.h>
 #include <linux/usb/midi.h>
 #include <linux/bits.h>
 
 #include <sound/control.h>
 #include <sound/core.h>
 #include <sound/info.h>
 #include <sound/pcm.h>
 
 #include "usbaudio.h"
 #include "card.h"
 #include "mixer.h"
 #include "mixer_quirks.h"
 #include "midi.h"
 #include "quirks.h"
 #include "helper.h"
 #include "endpoint.h"
 #include "pcm.h"
 #include "clock.h"
 #include "stream.h"
 
 /*
  * handle the quirks for the contained interfaces
  */
 static int create_composite_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                   struct usb_interface *iface,
                   struct usb_driver *driver,
                   const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk_comp)
 {
     int probed_ifnum = get_iface_desc(iface->altsetting)->bInterfaceNumber;
     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk;
     int err;
 
     for (quirk = quirk_comp->data; quirk->ifnum >= 0; ++quirk) {
         iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, quirk->ifnum);
         if (!iface)
             continue;
         if (quirk->ifnum != probed_ifnum &&
             usb_interface_claimed(iface))
             continue;
         err = snd_usb_create_quirk(chip, iface, driver, quirk);
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
     }
 
     for (quirk = quirk_comp->data; quirk->ifnum >= 0; ++quirk) {
         iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, quirk->ifnum);
         if (!iface)
             continue;
         if (quirk->ifnum != probed_ifnum &&
             !usb_interface_claimed(iface)) {
             err = usb_driver_claim_interface(driver, iface,
                              USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
             if (err < 0)
                 return err;
         }
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int ignore_interface_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                   struct usb_interface *iface,
                   struct usb_driver *driver,
                   const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
 {
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 static int create_any_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                  struct usb_interface *intf,
                  struct usb_driver *driver,
                  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
 {
     return snd_usbmidi_create(chip->card, intf, &chip->midi_list, quirk);
 }
 
 /*
  * create a stream for an interface with proper descriptors
  */
 static int create_standard_audio_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                        struct usb_interface *iface,
                        struct usb_driver *driver,
                        const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
 {
     struct usb_host_interface *alts;
     struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
     int err;
 
     alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
     altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
     err = snd_usb_parse_audio_interface(chip, altsd->bInterfaceNumber);
     if (err < 0) {
         usb_audio_err(chip, "cannot setup if %d: error %d\n",
                altsd->bInterfaceNumber, err);
         return err;
     }
     /* reset the current interface */
     usb_set_interface(chip->dev, altsd->bInterfaceNumber, 0);
     return 0;
 }
 
 /* create the audio stream and the corresponding endpoints from the fixed
  * audioformat object; this is used for quirks with the fixed EPs
  */
 static int add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                        struct audioformat *fp)
 {
     int stream, err;
 
     stream = (fp->endpoint & USB_DIR_IN) ?
         SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE : SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;
 
     snd_usb_audioformat_set_sync_ep(chip, fp);
 
     err = snd_usb_add_audio_stream(chip, stream, fp);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     err = snd_usb_add_endpoint(chip, fp->endpoint,
                    SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     if (fp->sync_ep) {
         err = snd_usb_add_endpoint(chip, fp->sync_ep,
                        fp->implicit_fb ?
                        SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA :
                        SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC);
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * create a stream for an endpoint/altsetting without proper descriptors
  */
 static int create_fixed_stream_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                      struct usb_interface *iface,
                      struct usb_driver *driver,
                      const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
 {
     struct audioformat *fp;
     struct usb_host_interface *alts;
     struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
     unsigned *rate_table = NULL;
     int err;
 
     fp = kmemdup(quirk->data, sizeof(*fp), GFP_KERNEL);
     if (!fp)
         return -ENOMEM;
 
     INIT_LIST_HEAD(&fp->list);
     if (fp->nr_rates > MAX_NR_RATES) {
         kfree(fp);
         return -EINVAL;
     }
     if (fp->nr_rates > 0) {
         rate_table = kmemdup(fp->rate_table,
                      sizeof(int) * fp->nr_rates, GFP_KERNEL);
         if (!rate_table) {
             kfree(fp);
             return -ENOMEM;
         }
         fp->rate_table = rate_table;
     }
 
     if (fp->iface != get_iface_desc(&iface->altsetting[0])->bInterfaceNumber ||
         fp->altset_idx >= iface->num_altsetting) {
         err = -EINVAL;
         goto error;
     }
     alts = &iface->altsetting[fp->altset_idx];
     altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
     if (altsd->bNumEndpoints <= fp->ep_idx) {
         err = -EINVAL;
         goto error;
     }
 
     fp->protocol = altsd->bInterfaceProtocol;
 
     if (fp->datainterval == 0)
         fp->datainterval = snd_usb_parse_datainterval(chip, alts);
     if (fp->maxpacksize == 0)
         fp->maxpacksize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, fp->ep_idx)->wMaxPacketSize);
     if (!fp->fmt_type)
         fp->fmt_type = UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_I;
 
     err = add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(chip, fp);
     if (err < 0)
         goto error;
 
     usb_set_interface(chip->dev, fp->iface, 0);
     snd_usb_init_pitch(chip, fp);
     snd_usb_init_sample_rate(chip, fp, fp->rate_max);
     return 0;
 
  error:
     list_del(&fp->list); /* unlink for avoiding double-free */
     kfree(fp);
     kfree(rate_table);
     return err;
 }
 
 static int create_auto_pcm_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                  struct usb_interface *iface,
                  struct usb_driver *driver)
 {
     struct usb_host_interface *alts;
     struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
     struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
     struct uac1_as_header_descriptor *ashd;
     struct uac_format_type_i_discrete_descriptor *fmtd;
 
     /*
      * Most Roland/Yamaha audio streaming interfaces have more or less
      * standard descriptors, but older devices might lack descriptors, and
      * future ones might change, so ensure that we fail silently if the
      * interface doesn't look exactly right.
      */
 
     /* must have a non-zero altsetting for streaming */
     if (iface->num_altsetting < 2)
         return -ENODEV;
     alts = &iface->altsetting[1];
     altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
 
     /* must have an isochronous endpoint for streaming */
     if (altsd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
         return -ENODEV;
     epd = get_endpoint(alts, 0);
     if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_isoc(epd))
         return -ENODEV;
 
     /* must have format descriptors */
     ashd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen, NULL,
                        UAC_AS_GENERAL);
     fmtd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen, NULL,
                        UAC_FORMAT_TYPE);
     if (!ashd || ashd->bLength < 7 ||
         !fmtd || fmtd->bLength < 8)
         return -ENODEV;
 
     return create_standard_audio_quirk(chip, iface, driver, NULL);
 }
 
 static int create_yamaha_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                     struct usb_interface *iface,
                     struct usb_driver *driver,
                     struct usb_host_interface *alts)
 {
     static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk yamaha_midi_quirk = {
         .type = QUIRK_MIDI_YAMAHA
     };
     struct usb_midi_in_jack_descriptor *injd;
     struct usb_midi_out_jack_descriptor *outjd;
 
     /* must have some valid jack descriptors */
     injd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen,
                        NULL, USB_MS_MIDI_IN_JACK);
     outjd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen,
                     NULL, USB_MS_MIDI_OUT_JACK);
     if (!injd && !outjd)
         return -ENODEV;
     if ((injd && !snd_usb_validate_midi_desc(injd)) ||
         (outjd && !snd_usb_validate_midi_desc(outjd)))
         return -ENODEV;
     if (injd && (injd->bLength < 5 ||
              (injd->bJackType != USB_MS_EMBEDDED &&
               injd->bJackType != USB_MS_EXTERNAL)))
         return -ENODEV;
     if (outjd && (outjd->bLength < 6 ||
               (outjd->bJackType != USB_MS_EMBEDDED &&
                outjd->bJackType != USB_MS_EXTERNAL)))
         return -ENODEV;
     return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, &yamaha_midi_quirk);
 }
 
 static int create_roland_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                     struct usb_interface *iface,
                     struct usb_driver *driver,
                     struct usb_host_interface *alts)
 {
     static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk roland_midi_quirk = {
         .type = QUIRK_MIDI_ROLAND
     };
     u8 *roland_desc = NULL;
 
     /* might have a vendor-specific descriptor <06 24 F1 02 ...> */
     for (;;) {
         roland_desc = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra,
                               alts->extralen,
                               roland_desc, 0xf1);
         if (!roland_desc)
             return -ENODEV;
         if (roland_desc[0] < 6 || roland_desc[3] != 2)
             continue;
         return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver,
                          &roland_midi_quirk);
     }
 }
 
 static int create_std_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                  struct usb_interface *iface,
                  struct usb_driver *driver,
                  struct usb_host_interface *alts)
 {
     struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *mshd;
     struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *msepd;
 
     /* must have the MIDIStreaming interface header descriptor*/
     mshd = (struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *)alts->extra;
     if (alts->extralen < 7 ||
         mshd->bLength < 7 ||
         mshd->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE ||
         mshd->bDescriptorSubtype != USB_MS_HEADER)
         return -ENODEV;
     /* must have the MIDIStreaming endpoint descriptor*/
     msepd = (struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *)alts->endpoint[0].extra;
     if (alts->endpoint[0].extralen < 4 ||
         msepd->bLength < 4 ||
         msepd->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_ENDPOINT ||
         msepd->bDescriptorSubtype != UAC_MS_GENERAL ||
         msepd->bNumEmbMIDIJack < 1 ||
         msepd->bNumEmbMIDIJack > 16)
         return -ENODEV;
 
     return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, NULL);
 }
 
 static int create_auto_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                   struct usb_interface *iface,
                   struct usb_driver *driver)
 {
     struct usb_host_interface *alts;
     struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
     struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
     int err;
 
     alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
     altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
 
     /* must have at least one bulk/interrupt endpoint for streaming */
     if (altsd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
         return -ENODEV;
     epd = get_endpoint(alts, 0);
     if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd) &&
         !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
         return -ENODEV;
 
     switch (USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id)) {
     case 0x0499: /* Yamaha */
         err = create_yamaha_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
         if (err != -ENODEV)
             return err;
         break;
     case 0x0582: /* Roland */
         err = create_roland_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
         if (err != -ENODEV)
             return err;
         break;
     }
 
     return create_std_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
 }
 
 static int create_autodetect_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                    struct usb_interface *iface,
                    struct usb_driver *driver)
 {
     int err;
 
     err = create_auto_pcm_quirk(chip, iface, driver);
     if (err == -ENODEV)
         err = create_auto_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver);
     return err;
 }
 
 static int create_autodetect_quirks(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                     struct usb_interface *iface,
                     struct usb_driver *driver,
                     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
 {
     int probed_ifnum = get_iface_desc(iface->altsetting)->bInterfaceNumber;
     int ifcount, ifnum, err;
 
     err = create_autodetect_quirk(chip, iface, driver);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     /*
      * ALSA PCM playback/capture devices cannot be registered in two steps,
      * so we have to claim the other corresponding interface here.
      */
     ifcount = chip->dev->actconfig->desc.bNumInterfaces;
     for (ifnum = 0; ifnum < ifcount; ifnum++) {
         if (ifnum == probed_ifnum || quirk->ifnum >= 0)
             continue;
         iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, ifnum);
         if (!iface ||
             usb_interface_claimed(iface) ||
             get_iface_desc(iface->altsetting)->bInterfaceClass !=
                             USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC)
             continue;
 
         err = create_autodetect_quirk(chip, iface, driver);
         if (err >= 0) {
             err = usb_driver_claim_interface(driver, iface,
                              USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
             if (err < 0)
                 return err;
         }
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * Create a stream for an Edirol UA-700/UA-25/UA-4FX interface.  
  * The only way to detect the sample rate is by looking at wMaxPacketSize.
  */
 static int create_uaxx_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                  struct usb_interface *iface,
                  struct usb_driver *driver,
                  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
 {
     static const struct audioformat ua_format = {
         .formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
         .channels = 2,
         .fmt_type = UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_I,
         .altsetting = 1,
         .altset_idx = 1,
         .rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS,
     };
     struct usb_host_interface *alts;
     struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
     struct audioformat *fp;
     int err;
 
     /* both PCM and MIDI interfaces have 2 or more altsettings */
     if (iface->num_altsetting < 2)
         return -ENXIO;
     alts = &iface->altsetting[1];
     altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
 
     if (altsd->bNumEndpoints == 2) {
         static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info ua700_ep = {
             .out_cables = 0x0003,
             .in_cables  = 0x0003
         };
         static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk ua700_quirk = {
             .type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
             .data = &ua700_ep
         };
         static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info uaxx_ep = {
             .out_cables = 0x0001,
             .in_cables  = 0x0001
         };
         static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk uaxx_quirk = {
             .type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
             .data = &uaxx_ep
         };
         const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk =
             chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0582, 0x002b)
             ? &ua700_quirk : &uaxx_quirk;
         return __snd_usbmidi_create(chip->card, iface,
                       &chip->midi_list, quirk,
                       chip->usb_id);
     }
 
     if (altsd->bNumEndpoints != 1)
         return -ENXIO;
 
     fp = kmemdup(&ua_format, sizeof(*fp), GFP_KERNEL);
     if (!fp)
         return -ENOMEM;
 
     fp->iface = altsd->bInterfaceNumber;
     fp->endpoint = get_endpoint(alts, 0)->bEndpointAddress;
     fp->ep_attr = get_endpoint(alts, 0)->bmAttributes;
     fp->datainterval = 0;
     fp->maxpacksize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, 0)->wMaxPacketSize);
     INIT_LIST_HEAD(&fp->list);
 
     switch (fp->maxpacksize) {
     case 0x120:
         fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 44100;
         break;
     case 0x138:
     case 0x140:
         fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 48000;
         break;
     case 0x258:
     case 0x260:
         fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 96000;
         break;
     default:
         usb_audio_err(chip, "unknown sample rate\n");
         kfree(fp);
         return -ENXIO;
     }
 
     err = add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(chip, fp);
     if (err < 0) {
         list_del(&fp->list); /* unlink for avoiding double-free */
         kfree(fp);
         return err;
     }
     usb_set_interface(chip->dev, fp->iface, 0);
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * Create a standard mixer for the specified interface.
  */
 static int create_standard_mixer_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                        struct usb_interface *iface,
                        struct usb_driver *driver,
                        const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
 {
     if (quirk->ifnum < 0)
         return 0;
 
     return snd_usb_create_mixer(chip, quirk->ifnum);
 }
 
 /*
  * audio-interface quirks
  *
  * returns zero if no standard audio/MIDI parsing is needed.
  * returns a positive value if standard audio/midi interfaces are parsed
  * after this.
  * returns a negative value at error.
  */
 int snd_usb_create_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
              struct usb_interface *iface,
              struct usb_driver *driver,
              const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
 {
     typedef int (*quirk_func_t)(struct snd_usb_audio *,
                     struct usb_interface *,
                     struct usb_driver *,
                     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *);
     static const quirk_func_t quirk_funcs[] = {
         [QUIRK_IGNORE_INTERFACE] = ignore_interface_quirk,
         [QUIRK_COMPOSITE] = create_composite_quirk,
         [QUIRK_AUTODETECT] = create_autodetect_quirks,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_STANDARD_INTERFACE] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_YAMAHA] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_ROLAND] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_MIDIMAN] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_NOVATION] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_RAW_BYTES] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_EMAGIC] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_CME] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_AKAI] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_FTDI] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_MIDI_CH345] = create_any_midi_quirk,
         [QUIRK_AUDIO_STANDARD_INTERFACE] = create_standard_audio_quirk,
         [QUIRK_AUDIO_FIXED_ENDPOINT] = create_fixed_stream_quirk,
         [QUIRK_AUDIO_EDIROL_UAXX] = create_uaxx_quirk,
         [QUIRK_AUDIO_STANDARD_MIXER] = create_standard_mixer_quirk,
     };
 
     if (quirk->type < QUIRK_TYPE_COUNT) {
         return quirk_funcs[quirk->type](chip, iface, driver, quirk);
     } else {
         usb_audio_err(chip, "invalid quirk type %d\n", quirk->type);
         return -ENXIO;
     }
 }
 
 /*
  * boot quirks
  */
 
 #define EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_OLD 794
 #define EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_NEW 483
 
 static int snd_usb_extigy_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, struct usb_interface *intf)
 {
     struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
     int err;
 
     if (le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength) == EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_OLD ||
         le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength) == EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_NEW) {
         dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "sending Extigy boot sequence...\n");
         /* Send message to force it to reconnect with full interface. */
         err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev,0),
                       0x10, 0x43, 0x0001, 0x000a, NULL, 0);
         if (err < 0)
             dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error sending boot message: %d\n", err);
         err = usb_get_descriptor(dev, USB_DT_DEVICE, 0,
                 &dev->descriptor, sizeof(dev->descriptor));
         config = dev->actconfig;
         if (err < 0)
             dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_get_descriptor: %d\n", err);
         err = usb_reset_configuration(dev);
         if (err < 0)
             dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_reset_configuration: %d\n", err);
         dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "extigy_boot: new boot length = %d\n",
                 le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength));
         return -ENODEV; /* quit this anyway */
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_usb_audigy2nx_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     u8 buf = 1;
 
     snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0x2a,
             USB_DIR_IN | USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_OTHER,
             0, 0, &buf, 1);
     if (buf == 0) {
         snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0x29,
                 USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_OTHER,
                 1, 2000, NULL, 0);
         return -ENODEV;
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_usb_fasttrackpro_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     int err;
 
     if (dev->actconfig->desc.bConfigurationValue == 1) {
         dev_info(&dev->dev,
                "Fast Track Pro switching to config #2\n");
         /* This function has to be available by the usb core module.
          * if it is not avialable the boot quirk has to be left out
          * and the configuration has to be set by udev or hotplug
          * rules
          */
         err = usb_driver_set_configuration(dev, 2);
         if (err < 0)
             dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
                 "error usb_driver_set_configuration: %d\n",
                 err);
         /* Always return an error, so that we stop creating a device
            that will just be destroyed and recreated with a new
            configuration */
         return -ENODEV;
     } else
         dev_info(&dev->dev, "Fast Track Pro config OK\n");
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * C-Media CM106/CM106+ have four 16-bit internal registers that are nicely
  * documented in the device's data sheet.
  */
 static int snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(struct usb_device *dev, int reg, u16 value)
 {
     u8 buf[4];
     buf[0] = 0x20;
     buf[1] = value & 0xff;
     buf[2] = (value >> 8) & 0xff;
     buf[3] = reg;
     return snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), USB_REQ_SET_CONFIGURATION,
                    USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_RECIP_ENDPOINT,
                    0, 0, &buf, 4);
 }
 
 static int snd_usb_cm106_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     /*
      * Enable line-out driver mode, set headphone source to front
      * channels, enable stereo mic.
      */
     return snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(dev, 2, 0x8004);
 }
 
 /*
  * CM6206 registers from the CM6206 datasheet rev 2.1
  */
 #define CM6206_REG0_DMA_MASTER BIT(15)
 #define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_48K (2 << 12)
 #define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_96K (7 << 12)
 /* Bit 4 thru 11 is the S/PDIF category code */
 #define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_CAT_CODE_GENERAL (0 << 4)
 #define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_EMPHASIS_CD BIT(3)
 #define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_COPYRIGHT_NA BIT(2)
 #define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_NON_AUDIO BIT(1)
 #define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_PRO_FORMAT BIT(0)
 
 #define CM6206_REG1_TEST_SEL_CLK BIT(14)
 #define CM6206_REG1_PLLBIN_EN BIT(13)
 #define CM6206_REG1_SOFT_MUTE_EN BIT(12)
 #define CM6206_REG1_GPIO4_OUT BIT(11)
 #define CM6206_REG1_GPIO4_OE BIT(10)
 #define CM6206_REG1_GPIO3_OUT BIT(9)
 #define CM6206_REG1_GPIO3_OE BIT(8)
 #define CM6206_REG1_GPIO2_OUT BIT(7)
 #define CM6206_REG1_GPIO2_OE BIT(6)
 #define CM6206_REG1_GPIO1_OUT BIT(5)
 #define CM6206_REG1_GPIO1_OE BIT(4)
 #define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFO_INVALID BIT(3)
 #define CM6206_REG1_SPDIF_LOOP_EN BIT(2)
 #define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFO_DIS BIT(1)
 #define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFI_MIX BIT(0)
 
 #define CM6206_REG2_DRIVER_ON BIT(15)
 #define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_SIDE_CHANNELS (0 << 13)
 #define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_SURROUND_CHANNELS (1 << 13)
 #define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_CENTER_SUBW (2 << 13)
 #define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_FRONT_CHANNELS (3 << 13)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_RIGHT BIT(12)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_LEFT BIT(11)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_REAR_SURROUND_RIGHT BIT(10)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_REAR_SURROUND_LEFT BIT(9)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SIDE_SURROUND_RIGHT BIT(8)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SIDE_SURROUND_LEFT BIT(7)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SUBWOOFER BIT(6)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_CENTER BIT(5)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_RIGHT_FRONT BIT(3)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_LEFT_FRONT BIT(3)
 #define CM6206_REG2_EN_BTL BIT(2)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_1_5_MHZ (0)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_3_MHZ (1)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_6_MHZ (2)
 #define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_12_MHZ (3)
 
 /* Bit 11..13 sets the sensitivity to FLY tuner volume control VP/VD signal */
 #define CM6206_REG3_FLYSPEED_DEFAULT (2 << 11)
 #define CM6206_REG3_VRAP25EN BIT(10)
 #define CM6206_REG3_MSEL1 BIT(9)
 #define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_44_1K BIT(0 << 7)
 #define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_48K BIT(2 << 7)
 #define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_32K BIT(3 << 7)
 #define CM6206_REG3_PINSEL BIT(6)
 #define CM6206_REG3_FOE BIT(5)
 #define CM6206_REG3_ROE BIT(4)
 #define CM6206_REG3_CBOE BIT(3)
 #define CM6206_REG3_LOSE BIT(2)
 #define CM6206_REG3_HPOE BIT(1)
 #define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_CANREC BIT(0)
 
 #define CM6206_REG5_DA_RSTN BIT(13)
 #define CM6206_REG5_AD_RSTN BIT(12)
 #define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_AD2SPDO BIT(12)
 #define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_FRONT (0 << 9)
 #define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_SIDE_SUR (1 << 9)
 #define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_CEN_LFE (2 << 9)
 #define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_REAR_SUR (3 << 9)
 #define CM6206_REG5_CODECM BIT(8)
 #define CM6206_REG5_EN_HPF BIT(7)
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA4 BIT(6)
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA3 BIT(5)
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA2 BIT(4)
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA1 BIT(3)
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_NORMAL 0
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_FRONT 4
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_S_SURROUND 5
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_CEN_LFE 6
 #define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_R_SURROUND 7
 
 static int snd_usb_cm6206_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     int err  = 0, reg;
     int val[] = {
         /*
          * Values here are chosen based on sniffing USB traffic
          * under Windows.
          *
          * REG0: DAC is master, sample rate 48kHz, no copyright
          */
         CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_48K |
         CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_COPYRIGHT_NA,
         /*
          * REG1: PLL binary search enable, soft mute enable.
          */
         CM6206_REG1_PLLBIN_EN |
         CM6206_REG1_SOFT_MUTE_EN,
         /*
          * REG2: enable output drivers,
          * select front channels to the headphone output,
          * then mute the headphone channels, run the MCU
          * at 1.5 MHz.
          */
         CM6206_REG2_DRIVER_ON |
         CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_FRONT_CHANNELS |
         CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_RIGHT |
         CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_LEFT,
         /*
          * REG3: default flyspeed, set 2.5V mic bias
          * enable all line out ports and enable SPDIF
          */
         CM6206_REG3_FLYSPEED_DEFAULT |
         CM6206_REG3_VRAP25EN |
         CM6206_REG3_FOE |
         CM6206_REG3_ROE |
         CM6206_REG3_CBOE |
         CM6206_REG3_LOSE |
         CM6206_REG3_HPOE |
         CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_CANREC,
         /* REG4 is just a bunch of GPIO lines */
         0x0000,
         /* REG5: de-assert AD/DA reset signals */
         CM6206_REG5_DA_RSTN |
         CM6206_REG5_AD_RSTN };
 
     for (reg = 0; reg < ARRAY_SIZE(val); reg++) {
         err = snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(dev, reg, val[reg]);
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
     }
 
     return err;
 }
 
 /* quirk for Plantronics GameCom 780 with CM6302 chip */
 static int snd_usb_gamecon780_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     /* set the initial volume and don't change; other values are either
      * too loud or silent due to firmware bug (bko#65251)
      */
     u8 buf[2] = { 0x74, 0xe3 };
     return snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), UAC_SET_CUR,
             USB_RECIP_INTERFACE | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_DIR_OUT,
             UAC_FU_VOLUME << 8, 9 << 8, buf, 2);
 }
 
 /*
  * Novation Twitch DJ controller
  * Focusrite Novation Saffire 6 USB audio card
  */
 static int snd_usb_novation_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     /* preemptively set up the device because otherwise the
      * raw MIDI endpoints are not active */
     usb_set_interface(dev, 0, 1);
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * This call will put the synth in "USB send" mode, i.e it will send MIDI
  * messages through USB (this is disabled at startup). The synth will
  * acknowledge by sending a sysex on endpoint 0x85 and by displaying a USB
  * sign on its LCD. Values here are chosen based on sniffing USB traffic
  * under Windows.
  */
 static int snd_usb_accessmusic_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     int err, actual_length;
     /* "midi send" enable */
     static const u8 seq[] = { 0x4e, 0x73, 0x52, 0x01 };
     void *buf;
 
     if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x05)))
         return -EINVAL;
     buf = kmemdup(seq, ARRAY_SIZE(seq), GFP_KERNEL);
     if (!buf)
         return -ENOMEM;
     err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x05), buf,
             ARRAY_SIZE(seq), &actual_length, 1000);
     kfree(buf);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * Some sound cards from Native Instruments are in fact compliant to the USB
  * audio standard of version 2 and other approved USB standards, even though
  * they come up as vendor-specific device when first connected.
  *
  * However, they can be told to come up with a new set of descriptors
  * upon their next enumeration, and the interfaces announced by the new
  * descriptors will then be handled by the kernel's class drivers. As the
  * product ID will also change, no further checks are required.
  */
 
 static int snd_usb_nativeinstruments_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     int ret;
 
     ret = usb_control_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
                   0xaf, USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
                   1, 0, NULL, 0, 1000);
 
     if (ret < 0)
         return ret;
 
     usb_reset_device(dev);
 
     /* return -EAGAIN, so the creation of an audio interface for this
      * temporary device is aborted. The device will reconnect with a
      * new product ID */
     return -EAGAIN;
 }
 
 static void mbox2_setup_48_24_magic(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     u8 srate[3];
     u8 temp[12];
 
     /* Choose 48000Hz permanently */
     srate[0] = 0x80;
     srate[1] = 0xbb;
     srate[2] = 0x00;
 
     /* Send the magic! */
     snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0),
         0x01, 0x22, 0x0100, 0x0085, &temp, 0x0003);
     snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
         0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0085, &srate, 0x0003);
     snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
         0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0086, &srate, 0x0003);
     snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
         0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0003, &srate, 0x0003);
     return;
 }
 
 /* Digidesign Mbox 2 needs to load firmware onboard
  * and driver must wait a few seconds for initialisation.
  */
 
 #define MBOX2_FIRMWARE_SIZE    646
 #define MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING     0x01 /* Hard coded into the device */
 #define MBOX2_BOOT_READY       0x02 /* Hard coded into the device */
 
 static int snd_usb_mbox2_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
     int err;
     u8 bootresponse[0x12];
     int fwsize;
     int count;
 
     fwsize = le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength);
 
     if (fwsize != MBOX2_FIRMWARE_SIZE) {
         dev_err(&dev->dev, "Invalid firmware size=%d.\n", fwsize);
         return -ENODEV;
     }
 
     dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Sending Digidesign Mbox 2 boot sequence...\n");
 
     count = 0;
     bootresponse[0] = MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING;
     while ((bootresponse[0] == MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING) && (count < 10)) {
         msleep(500); /* 0.5 second delay */
         snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0),
             /* Control magic - load onboard firmware */
             0x85, 0xc0, 0x0001, 0x0000, &bootresponse, 0x0012);
         if (bootresponse[0] == MBOX2_BOOT_READY)
             break;
         dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "device not ready, resending boot sequence...\n");
         count++;
     }
 
     if (bootresponse[0] != MBOX2_BOOT_READY) {
         dev_err(&dev->dev, "Unknown bootresponse=%d, or timed out, ignoring device.\n", bootresponse[0]);
         return -ENODEV;
     }
 
     dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "device initialised!\n");
 
     err = usb_get_descriptor(dev, USB_DT_DEVICE, 0,
         &dev->descriptor, sizeof(dev->descriptor));
     config = dev->actconfig;
     if (err < 0)
         dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_get_descriptor: %d\n", err);
 
     err = usb_reset_configuration(dev);
     if (err < 0)
         dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_reset_configuration: %d\n", err);
     dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "mbox2_boot: new boot length = %d\n",
         le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength));
 
     mbox2_setup_48_24_magic(dev);
 
     dev_info(&dev->dev, "Digidesign Mbox 2: 24bit 48kHz");
 
     return 0; /* Successful boot */
 }
 
 static int snd_usb_axefx3_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     int err;
 
     dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Waiting for Axe-Fx III to boot up...\n");
 
     /* If the Axe-Fx III has not fully booted, it will timeout when trying
      * to enable the audio streaming interface. A more generous timeout is
      * used here to detect when the Axe-Fx III has finished booting as the
      * set interface message will be acked once it has
      */
     err = usb_control_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
                 USB_REQ_SET_INTERFACE, USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
                 1, 1, NULL, 0, 120000);
     if (err < 0) {
         dev_err(&dev->dev,
             "failed waiting for Axe-Fx III to boot: %d\n", err);
         return err;
     }
 
     dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Axe-Fx III is now ready\n");
 
     err = usb_set_interface(dev, 1, 0);
     if (err < 0)
         dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
             "error stopping Axe-Fx III interface: %d\n", err);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 #define MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE 128
 
 static int snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(struct usb_device *dev, u8 *buf,
                         int buf_size, int *length)
 {
     int err, actual_length;
 
     if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x01)))
         return -EINVAL;
     err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x01), buf, *length,
                 &actual_length, 1000);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "MicroBookII snd: ", DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, 16, 1,
                buf, actual_length, false);
 
     memset(buf, 0, buf_size);
 
     if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_rcvintpipe(dev, 0x82)))
         return -EINVAL;
     err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_rcvintpipe(dev, 0x82), buf, buf_size,
                 &actual_length, 1000);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "MicroBookII rcv: ", DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, 16, 1,
                buf, actual_length, false);
 
     *length = actual_length;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_usb_motu_microbookii_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     int err, actual_length, poll_attempts = 0;
     static const u8 set_samplerate_seq[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
                          0x00, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x14,
                          0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
     static const u8 poll_ready_seq[] = { 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00,
                          0x00, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x18 };
     u8 *buf = kzalloc(MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
 
     if (!buf)
         return -ENOMEM;
 
     dev_info(&dev->dev, "Waiting for MOTU Microbook II to boot up...\n");
 
     /* First we tell the device which sample rate to use. */
     memcpy(buf, set_samplerate_seq, sizeof(set_samplerate_seq));
     actual_length = sizeof(set_samplerate_seq);
     err = snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(dev, buf, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE,
                            &actual_length);
 
     if (err < 0) {
         dev_err(&dev->dev,
             "failed setting the sample rate for Motu MicroBook II: %d\n",
             err);
         goto free_buf;
     }
 
     /* Then we poll every 100 ms until the device informs of its readiness. */
     while (true) {
         if (++poll_attempts > 100) {
             dev_err(&dev->dev,
                 "failed booting Motu MicroBook II: timeout\n");
             err = -ENODEV;
             goto free_buf;
         }
 
         memset(buf, 0, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE);
         memcpy(buf, poll_ready_seq, sizeof(poll_ready_seq));
 
         actual_length = sizeof(poll_ready_seq);
         err = snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(
             dev, buf, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE, &actual_length);
         if (err < 0) {
             dev_err(&dev->dev,
                 "failed booting Motu MicroBook II: communication error %d\n",
                 err);
             goto free_buf;
         }
 
         /* the device signals its readiness through a message of the
          * form
          *           XX 06 00 00 00 00 0b 18  00 00 00 01
          * If the device is not yet ready to accept audio data, the
          * last byte of that sequence is 00.
          */
         if (actual_length == 12 && buf[actual_length - 1] == 1)
             break;
 
         msleep(100);
     }
 
     dev_info(&dev->dev, "MOTU MicroBook II ready\n");
 
 free_buf:
     kfree(buf);
     return err;
 }
 
 static int snd_usb_motu_m_series_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
 {
     msleep(2000);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * Setup quirks
  */
 #define MAUDIO_SET      0x01 /* parse device_setup */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_COMPATIBLE   0x80 /* use only "win-compatible" interfaces */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_DTS      0x02 /* enable DTS Digital Output */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_96K      0x04 /* 48-96kHz rate if set, 8-48kHz otherwise */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_24B      0x08 /* 24bits sample if set, 16bits otherwise */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_DI       0x10 /* enable Digital Input */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_MASK     0x1f /* bit mask for setup value */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI    0x19 /* 24bits+48kHz+Digital Input */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI 0x09 /* 24bits+48kHz+No Digital Input */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_DI    0x11 /* 16bits+48kHz+Digital Input */
 #define MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI 0x01 /* 16bits+48kHz+No Digital Input */
 
 static int quattro_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                       int iface, int altno)
 {
     /* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
      * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
      */
     usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);
     if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET) {
         if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_COMPATIBLE) {
             if (iface != 1 && iface != 2)
                 return 1; /* skip all interfaces but 1 and 2 */
         } else {
             unsigned int mask;
             if (iface == 1 || iface == 2)
                 return 1; /* skip interfaces 1 and 2 */
             if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) && altno != 1)
                 return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
             mask = chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_MASK;
             if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI && altno != 2)
                 return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
             if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 3)
                 return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
             if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 4)
                 return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
         }
     }
     usb_audio_dbg(chip,
             "using altsetting %d for interface %d config %d\n",
             altno, iface, chip->setup);
     return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
 }
 
 static int audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                      int iface,
                      int altno)
 {
     /* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
      * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
      */
     usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);
 
     if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET) {
         unsigned int mask;
         if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_DTS) && altno != 6)
             return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
         if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) && altno != 1)
             return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
         mask = chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_MASK;
         if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI && altno != 2)
             return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
         if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 3)
             return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
         if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_DI && altno != 4)
             return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
         if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 5)
             return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
     }
 
     return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
 }
 
 static int fasttrackpro_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                        int iface, int altno)
 {
     /* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
      * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
      */
     usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);
 
     /* possible configuration where both inputs and only one output is
      *used is not supported by the current setup
      */
     if (chip->setup & (MAUDIO_SET | MAUDIO_SET_24B)) {
         if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) {
             if (altno != 3 && altno != 6)
                 return 1;
         } else if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_DI) {
             if (iface == 4)
                 return 1; /* no analog input */
             if (altno != 2 && altno != 5)
                 return 1; /* enable only altsets 2 and 5 */
         } else {
             if (iface == 5)
                 return 1; /* disable digialt input */
             if (altno != 2 && altno != 5)
                 return 1; /* enalbe only altsets 2 and 5 */
         }
     } else {
         /* keep only 16-Bit mode */
         if (altno != 1)
             return 1;
     }
 
     usb_audio_dbg(chip,
             "using altsetting %d for interface %d config %d\n",
             altno, iface, chip->setup);
     return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
 }
 
 static int s1810c_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                        int iface, int altno)
 {
     /*
      * Altno settings:
      *
      * Playback (Interface 1):
      * 1: 6 Analog + 2 S/PDIF
      * 2: 6 Analog + 2 S/PDIF
      * 3: 6 Analog
      *
      * Capture (Interface 2):
      * 1: 8 Analog + 2 S/PDIF + 8 ADAT
      * 2: 8 Analog + 2 S/PDIF + 4 ADAT
      * 3: 8 Analog
      */
 
     /*
      * I'll leave 2 as the default one and
      * use device_setup to switch to the
      * other two.
      */
     if ((chip->setup == 0 || chip->setup > 2) && altno != 2)
         return 1;
     else if (chip->setup == 1 && altno != 1)
         return 1;
     else if (chip->setup == 2 && altno != 3)
         return 1;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 int snd_usb_apply_interface_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                   int iface,
                   int altno)
 {
     /* audiophile usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
     if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003))
         return audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
     /* quattro usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
     if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001))
         return quattro_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
     /* fasttrackpro usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
     if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012))
         return fasttrackpro_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
     /* presonus studio 1810c: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
     if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x194f, 0x010c))
         return s1810c_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
 
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 int snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev,
                  struct usb_interface *intf,
                  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
                  unsigned int id)
 {
     switch (id) {
     case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3000):
         /* SB Extigy needs special boot-up sequence */
         /* if more models come, this will go to the quirk list. */
         return snd_usb_extigy_boot_quirk(dev, intf);
 
     case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3020):
         /* SB Audigy 2 NX needs its own boot-up magic, too */
         return snd_usb_audigy2nx_boot_quirk(dev);
 
     case USB_ID(0x10f5, 0x0200):
         /* C-Media CM106 / Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Roadie */
         return snd_usb_cm106_boot_quirk(dev);
 
     case USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0102):
         /* C-Media CM6206 / CM106-Like Sound Device */
     case USB_ID(0x0ccd, 0x00b1): /* Terratec Aureon 7.1 USB */
         return snd_usb_cm6206_boot_quirk(dev);
 
     case USB_ID(0x0dba, 0x3000):
         /* Digidesign Mbox 2 */
         return snd_usb_mbox2_boot_quirk(dev);
 
     case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x0010): /* Focusrite Novation Saffire 6 USB */
     case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x0018): /* Focusrite Novation Twitch */
         return snd_usb_novation_boot_quirk(dev);
 
     case USB_ID(0x133e, 0x0815):
         /* Access Music VirusTI Desktop */
         return snd_usb_accessmusic_boot_quirk(dev);
 
     case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1000): /* Komplete Audio 6 */
     case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1010): /* Traktor Audio 6 */
     case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1020): /* Traktor Audio 10 */
         return snd_usb_nativeinstruments_boot_quirk(dev);
     case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012):  /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro USB */
         return snd_usb_fasttrackpro_boot_quirk(dev);
     case USB_ID(0x047f, 0xc010): /* Plantronics Gamecom 780 */
         return snd_usb_gamecon780_boot_quirk(dev);
     case USB_ID(0x2466, 0x8010): /* Fractal Audio Axe-Fx 3 */
         return snd_usb_axefx3_boot_quirk(dev);
     case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0004): /* MOTU MicroBook II */
         /*
          * For some reason interface 3 with vendor-spec class is
          * detected on MicroBook IIc.
          */
         if (get_iface_desc(intf->altsetting)->bInterfaceClass ==
             USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC &&
             get_iface_desc(intf->altsetting)->bInterfaceNumber < 3)
             return snd_usb_motu_microbookii_boot_quirk(dev);
         break;
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 int snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk_once(struct usb_device *dev,
                   struct usb_interface *intf,
                   const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
                   unsigned int id)
 {
     switch (id) {
     case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0008): /* MOTU M Series */
         return snd_usb_motu_m_series_boot_quirk(dev);
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * check if the device uses big-endian samples
  */
 int snd_usb_is_big_endian_format(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                  const struct audioformat *fp)
 {
     /* it depends on altsetting whether the device is big-endian or not */
     switch (chip->usb_id) {
     case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001): /* M-Audio Quattro: captured data only */
         if (fp->altsetting == 2 || fp->altsetting == 3 ||
             fp->altsetting == 5 || fp->altsetting == 6)
             return 1;
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003): /* M-Audio Audiophile USB */
         if (chip->setup == 0x00 ||
             fp->altsetting == 1 || fp->altsetting == 2 ||
             fp->altsetting == 3)
             return 1;
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012): /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro */
         if (fp->altsetting == 2 || fp->altsetting == 3 ||
             fp->altsetting == 5 || fp->altsetting == 6)
             return 1;
         break;
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * For E-Mu 0404USB/0202USB/TrackerPre/0204 sample rate should be set for device,
  * not for interface.
  */
 
 enum {
     EMU_QUIRK_SR_44100HZ = 0,
     EMU_QUIRK_SR_48000HZ,
     EMU_QUIRK_SR_88200HZ,
     EMU_QUIRK_SR_96000HZ,
     EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ,
     EMU_QUIRK_SR_192000HZ
 };
 
 static void set_format_emu_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
                  const struct audioformat *fmt)
 {
     unsigned char emu_samplerate_id = 0;
 
     /* When capture is active
      * sample rate shouldn't be changed
      * by playback substream
      */
     if (subs->direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
         if (subs->stream->substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].cur_audiofmt)
             return;
     }
 
     switch (fmt->rate_min) {
     case 48000:
         emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_48000HZ;
         break;
     case 88200:
         emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_88200HZ;
         break;
     case 96000:
         emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_96000HZ;
         break;
     case 176400:
         emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ;
         break;
     case 192000:
         emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_192000HZ;
         break;
     default:
         emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_44100HZ;
         break;
     }
     snd_emuusb_set_samplerate(subs->stream->chip, emu_samplerate_id);
     subs->pkt_offset_adj = (emu_samplerate_id >= EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ) ? 4 : 0;
 }
 
 static int pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
                     u16 windex)
 {
     unsigned int cur_rate = subs->data_endpoint->cur_rate;
     u8 sr[3];
     // Convert to little endian
     sr[0] = cur_rate & 0xff;
     sr[1] = (cur_rate >> 8) & 0xff;
     sr[2] = (cur_rate >> 16) & 0xff;
     usb_set_interface(subs->dev, 0, 1);
     // we should derive windex from fmt-sync_ep but it's not set
     snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->stream->chip->dev,
         usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->stream->chip->dev, 0),
         0x01, 0x22, 0x0100, windex, &sr, 0x0003);
     return 0;
 }
 
 void snd_usb_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
                   const struct audioformat *fmt)
 {
     switch (subs->stream->chip->usb_id) {
     case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f02): /* E-Mu 0202 USB */
     case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f04): /* E-Mu 0404 USB */
     case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f0a): /* E-Mu Tracker Pre */
     case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f19): /* E-Mu 0204 USB */
         set_format_emu_quirk(subs, fmt);
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x534d, 0x0021): /* MacroSilicon MS2100/MS2106 */
     case USB_ID(0x534d, 0x2109): /* MacroSilicon MS2109 */
         subs->stream_offset_adj = 2;
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x2b73, 0x0013): /* Pioneer DJM-450 */
         pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(subs, 0x0082);
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x08e4, 0x017f): /* Pioneer DJM-750 */
     case USB_ID(0x08e4, 0x0163): /* Pioneer DJM-850 */
         pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(subs, 0x0086);
         break;
     }
 }
 
 int snd_usb_select_mode_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                   const struct audioformat *fmt)
 {
     struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
     int err;
 
     if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC) {
         /* First switch to alt set 0, otherwise the mode switch cmd
          * will not be accepted by the DAC
          */
         err = usb_set_interface(dev, fmt->iface, 0);
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
 
         msleep(20); /* Delay needed after setting the interface */
 
         /* Vendor mode switch cmd is required. */
         if (fmt->formats & SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE) {
             /* DSD mode (DSD_U32) requested */
             err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0,
                           USB_DIR_OUT|USB_TYPE_VENDOR|USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
                           1, 1, NULL, 0);
             if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 
         } else {
             /* PCM or DOP mode (S32) requested */
             /* PCM mode (S16) requested */
             err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0,
                           USB_DIR_OUT|USB_TYPE_VENDOR|USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
                           0, 1, NULL, 0);
             if (err < 0)
                 return err;
 
         }
         msleep(20);
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 void snd_usb_endpoint_start_quirk(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
 {
     /*
      * "Playback Design" products send bogus feedback data at the start
      * of the stream. Ignore them.
      */
     if (USB_ID_VENDOR(ep->chip->usb_id) == 0x23ba &&
         ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC)
         ep->skip_packets = 4;
 
     /*
      * M-Audio Fast Track C400/C600 - when packets are not skipped, real
      * world latency varies by approx. +/- 50 frames (at 96kHz) each time
      * the stream is (re)started. When skipping packets 16 at endpoint
      * start up, the real world latency is stable within +/- 1 frame (also
      * across power cycles).
      */
     if ((ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2030) ||
          ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2031)) &&
         ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA)
         ep->skip_packets = 16;
 
     /* Work around devices that report unreasonable feedback data */
     if ((ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0644, 0x8038) ||  /* TEAC UD-H01 */
          ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x1852, 0x5034)) && /* T+A Dac8 */
         ep->syncmaxsize == 4)
         ep->tenor_fb_quirk = 1;
 }
 
 /* quirk applied after snd_usb_ctl_msg(); not applied during boot quirks */
 void snd_usb_ctl_msg_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int pipe,
                __u8 request, __u8 requesttype, __u16 value,
                __u16 index, void *data, __u16 size)
 {
     struct snd_usb_audio *chip = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);
 
     if (!chip || (requesttype & USB_TYPE_MASK) != USB_TYPE_CLASS)
         return;
 
     if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY)
         msleep(20);
     else if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M)
         usleep_range(1000, 2000);
     else if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M)
         usleep_range(5000, 6000);
 }
 
 /*
  * snd_usb_interface_dsd_format_quirks() is called from format.c to
  * augment the PCM format bit-field for DSD types. The UAC standards
  * don't have a designated bit field to denote DSD-capable interfaces,
  * hence all hardware that is known to support this format has to be
  * listed here.
  */
 u64 snd_usb_interface_dsd_format_quirks(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                     struct audioformat *fp,
                     unsigned int sample_bytes)
 {
     struct usb_interface *iface;
 
     /* Playback Designs */
     if (USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id) == 0x23ba &&
         USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id) < 0x0110) {
         switch (fp->altsetting) {
         case 1:
             fp->dsd_dop = true;
             return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U16_LE;
         case 2:
             fp->dsd_bitrev = true;
             return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U8;
         case 3:
             fp->dsd_bitrev = true;
             return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U16_LE;
         }
     }
 
     /* XMOS based USB DACs */
     switch (chip->usb_id) {
     case USB_ID(0x1511, 0x0037): /* AURALiC VEGA */
     case USB_ID(0x2522, 0x0012): /* LH Labs VI DAC Infinity */
     case USB_ID(0x2772, 0x0230): /* Pro-Ject Pre Box S2 Digital */
         if (fp->altsetting == 2)
             return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
         break;
 
     case USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0316): /* Hegel HD12 DSD */
     case USB_ID(0x10cb, 0x0103): /* The Bit Opus #3; with fp->dsd_raw */
     case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x06b2): /* NuPrime DAC-10 */
     case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x09dd): /* Encore mDSD */
     case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x0733): /* Furutech ADL Stratos */
     case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x09db): /* NuPrime Audio DAC-9 */
     case USB_ID(0x1db5, 0x0003): /* Bryston BDA3 */
     case USB_ID(0x22e1, 0xca01): /* HDTA Serenade DSD */
     case USB_ID(0x249c, 0x9326): /* M2Tech Young MkIII */
     case USB_ID(0x2616, 0x0106): /* PS Audio NuWave DAC */
     case USB_ID(0x2622, 0x0041): /* Audiolab M-DAC+ */
     case USB_ID(0x27f7, 0x3002): /* W4S DAC-2v2SE */
     case USB_ID(0x29a2, 0x0086): /* Mutec MC3+ USB */
     case USB_ID(0x6b42, 0x0042): /* MSB Technology */
         if (fp->altsetting == 3)
             return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
         break;
 
     /* Amanero Combo384 USB based DACs with native DSD support */
     case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x071a):  /* Amanero - Combo384 */
     case USB_ID(0x2ab6, 0x0004):  /* T+A DAC8DSD-V2.0, MP1000E-V2.0, MP2000R-V2.0, MP2500R-V2.0, MP3100HV-V2.0 */
     case USB_ID(0x2ab6, 0x0005):  /* T+A USB HD Audio 1 */
     case USB_ID(0x2ab6, 0x0006):  /* T+A USB HD Audio 2 */
         if (fp->altsetting == 2) {
             switch (le16_to_cpu(chip->dev->descriptor.bcdDevice)) {
             case 0x199:
                 return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_LE;
             case 0x19b:
             case 0x203:
                 return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
             default:
                 break;
             }
         }
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x0a23):
         if (fp->altsetting == 2)
             return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
         break;
 
     default:
         break;
     }
 
     /* ITF-USB DSD based DACs */
     if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC) {
         iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, fp->iface);
 
         /* Altsetting 2 support native DSD if the num of altsets is
          * three (0-2),
          * Altsetting 3 support native DSD if the num of altsets is
          * four (0-3).
          */
         if (fp->altsetting == iface->num_altsetting - 1)
             return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
     }
 
     /* Mostly generic method to detect many DSD-capable implementations */
     if ((chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW) && fp->dsd_raw)
         return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 void snd_usb_audioformat_attributes_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
                       struct audioformat *fp,
                       int stream)
 {
     switch (chip->usb_id) {
     case USB_ID(0x0a92, 0x0053): /* AudioTrak Optoplay */
         /* Optoplay sets the sample rate attribute although
          * it seems not supporting it in fact.
          */
         fp->attributes &= ~UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_SAMPLE_RATE;
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3020): /* Creative SB Audigy 2 NX */
     case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003): /* M-Audio Audiophile USB */
         /* doesn't set the sample rate attribute, but supports it */
         fp->attributes |= UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_SAMPLE_RATE;
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001):  /* M-Audio Quattro USB */
     case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012):  /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro USB */
     case USB_ID(0x047f, 0x0ca1): /* plantronics headset */
     case USB_ID(0x077d, 0x07af): /* Griffin iMic (note that there is
                     an older model 77d:223) */
     /*
      * plantronics headset and Griffin iMic have set adaptive-in
      * although it's really not...
      */
         fp->ep_attr &= ~USB_ENDPOINT_SYNCTYPE;
         if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
             fp->ep_attr |= USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_ADAPTIVE;
         else
             fp->ep_attr |= USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_SYNC;
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0004):  /* MOTU MicroBook IIc */
         /*
          * MaxPacketsOnly attribute is erroneously set in endpoint
          * descriptors. As a result this card produces noise with
          * all sample rates other than 96 kHz.
          */
         fp->attributes &= ~UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX;
         break;
     case USB_ID(0x1224, 0x2a25):  /* Jieli Technology USB PHY 2.0 */
         /* mic works only when ep packet size is set to wMaxPacketSize */
         fp->attributes |= UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX;
         break;
 
     }
 }
 
 /*
  * registration quirk:
  * the registration is skipped if a device matches with the given ID,
  * unless the interface reaches to the defined one.  This is for delaying
  * the registration until the last known interface, so that the card and
  * devices appear at the same time.
  */
 
 struct registration_quirk {
     unsigned int usb_id;    /* composed via USB_ID() */
     unsigned int interface; /* the interface to trigger register */
 };
 
 #define REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(vendor, product, iface) \
     { .usb_id = USB_ID(vendor, product), .interface = (iface) }
 
 static const struct registration_quirk registration_quirks[] = {
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0951, 0x16d8, 2), /* Kingston HyperX AMP */
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0951, 0x16ed, 2), /* Kingston HyperX Cloud Alpha S */
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0951, 0x16ea, 2), /* Kingston HyperX Cloud Flight S */
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0ecb, 0x1f46, 2), /* JBL Quantum 600 */
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0ecb, 0x1f47, 2), /* JBL Quantum 800 */
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0ecb, 0x1f4c, 2), /* JBL Quantum 400 */
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0ecb, 0x2039, 2), /* JBL Quantum 400 */
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0ecb, 0x203c, 2), /* JBL Quantum 600 */
     REG_QUIRK_ENTRY(0x0ecb, 0x203e, 2), /* JBL Quantum 800 */
     { 0 }                   /* terminator */
 };
 
 /* return true if skipping registration */
 bool snd_usb_registration_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip, int iface)
 {
     const struct registration_quirk *q;
 
     for (q = registration_quirks; q->usb_id; q++)
         if (chip->usb_id == q->usb_id)
             return iface < q->interface;
 
     /* Register as normal */
     return false;
 }
 
 /*
  * driver behavior quirk flags
  */
 struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table {
     u32 id;
     u32 flags;
 };
 
 #define DEVICE_FLG(vid, pid, _flags) \
     { .id = USB_ID(vid, pid), .flags = (_flags) }
 #define VENDOR_FLG(vid, _flags) DEVICE_FLG(vid, 0, _flags)
 
 static const struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table quirk_flags_table[] = {
     /* Device matches */
     DEVICE_FLG(0x041e, 0x3000, /* Creative SB Extigy */
            QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x041e, 0x4080, /* Creative Live Cam VF0610 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x084c, /* Logitech ConferenceCam Connect */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0991, /* Logitech QuickCam Pro */
            QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x09a4, /* Logitech QuickCam E 3500 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0499, 0x1509, /* Steinberg UR22 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x04d8, 0xfeea, /* Benchmark DAC1 Pre */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x04e8, 0xa051, /* Samsung USBC Headset (AKG) */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SKIP_CLOCK_SELECTOR | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x054c, 0x0b8c, /* Sony WALKMAN NW-A45 DAC */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SET_IFACE_FIRST),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0556, 0x0014, /* Phoenix Audio TMX320VC */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x05a3, 0x9420, /* ELP HD USB Camera */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x05a7, 0x1020, /* Bose Companion 5 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x05e1, 0x0408, /* Syntek STK1160 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x05e1, 0x0480, /* Hauppauge Woodbury */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x8043, /* TEAC UD-501/UD-501V2/UD-503/NT-503 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
            QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x8044, /* Esoteric D-05X */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
            QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x804a, /* TEAC UD-301 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
            QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x06f8, 0xb000, /* Hercules DJ Console (Windows Edition) */
            QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x06f8, 0xd002, /* Hercules DJ Console (Macintosh Edition) */
            QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0711, 0x5800, /* MCT Trigger 5 USB-to-HDMI */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x074d, 0x3553, /* Outlaw RR2150 (Micronas UAC3553B) */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2030, /* M-Audio Fast Track C400 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2031, /* M-Audio Fast Track C600 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x08bb, 0x2702, /* LineX FM Transmitter */
            QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0951, 0x16ad, /* Kingston HyperX */
            QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0b0e, 0x0349, /* Jabra 550a */
            QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x0fd9, 0x0008, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x1395, 0x740a, /* Sennheiser DECT */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0507, /* Behringer UMC202HD */
            QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0508, /* Behringer UMC204HD */
            QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0509, /* Behringer UMC404HD */
            QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x13e5, 0x0001, /* Serato Phono */
            QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x1002, /* Denon DCD-1500RE */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x1003, /* Denon DA-300USB */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x3005, /* Marantz HD-DAC1 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x3006, /* Marantz SA-14S1 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x500e, /* Denon DN-X1600 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CLOCK_SOURCE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x1686, 0x00dd, /* Zoom R16/24 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_TX_LENGTH | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x17aa, 0x1046, /* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Rear Line-in, Line-out and Microphone */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x17aa, 0x104d, /* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Internal Speaker + Front Headset */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x1852, 0x5065, /* Luxman DA-06 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x1901, 0x0191, /* GE B850V3 CP2114 audio interface */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7200, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7201, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7210, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7211, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7213, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7217, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721b, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721e, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721f, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7240, /* Hauppauge HVR-850 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7260, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7270, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7280, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7281, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x8200, /* Hauppauge Woodbury */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x21b4, 0x0081, /* AudioQuest DragonFly */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2522, 0x0007, /* LH Labs Geek Out HD Audio 1V5 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_SET_IFACE_FIRST),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2708, 0x0002, /* Audient iD14 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2912, 0x30c8, /* Audioengine D1 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x30be, 0x0101, /* Schiit Hel */
            QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x413c, 0xa506, /* Dell AE515 sound bar */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x534d, 0x0021, /* MacroSilicon MS2100/MS2106 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x534d, 0x2109, /* MacroSilicon MS2109 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x1224, 0x2a25, /* Jieli Technology USB PHY 2.0 */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0023, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.0.0 @ 48 kHz) */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0024, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.0.0 @ 96 kHz) */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
     DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0031, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.1.0) */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
 
     /* Vendor matches */
     VENDOR_FLG(0x045e, /* MS Lifecam */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x046d, /* Logitech */
            QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x047f, /* Plantronics */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x0644, /* TEAC Corp. */
            QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x07fd, /* MOTU */
            QUIRK_FLAG_VALIDATE_RATES),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x1235, /* Focusrite Novation */
            QUIRK_FLAG_VALIDATE_RATES),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x152a, /* Thesycon devices */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x1de7, /* Phoenix Audio */
            QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x20b1, /* XMOS based devices */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x22d9, /* Oppo */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x23ba, /* Playback Design */
            QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY |
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x25ce, /* Mytek devices */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x278b, /* Rotel? */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x292b, /* Gustard/Ess based devices */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x2972, /* FiiO devices */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x2ab6, /* T+A devices */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x3353, /* Khadas devices */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0x3842, /* EVGA */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
     VENDOR_FLG(0xc502, /* HiBy devices */
            QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
 
     {} /* terminator */
 };
 
 void snd_usb_init_quirk_flags(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
 {
     const struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table *p;
 
     for (p = quirk_flags_table; p->id; p++) {
         if (chip->usb_id == p->id ||
             (!USB_ID_PRODUCT(p->id) &&
              USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id) == USB_ID_VENDOR(p->id))) {
             usb_audio_dbg(chip,
                       "Set quirk_flags 0x%x for device %04x:%04x\n",
                       p->flags, USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id),
                       USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
             chip->quirk_flags |= p->flags;
             return;
         }
     }
 }

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