OSCL-LXR linux-6.0.1/​sound/​pci/​via82xx.c	Source navigation Diff markup Identifier search General search
	Version: linux-6.0.1 spark-3.0.0 hadoop-3.2.0-src hadoop-3.3.0-src spark-2.4.7 linux-4.15.13 hadoop-2.7.4-src Revert   Change

 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 /*
  *   ALSA driver for VIA VT82xx (South Bridge)
  *
  *   VT82C686A/B/C, VT8233A/C, VT8235
  *
  *  Copyright (c) 2000 Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
  *                     Tjeerd.Mulder <Tjeerd.Mulder@fujitsu-siemens.com>
  *                    2002 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
  */
 
 /*
  * Changes:
  *
  * Dec. 19, 2002    Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
  *  - use the DSX channels for the first pcm playback.
  *    (on VIA8233, 8233C and 8235 only)
  *    this will allow you play simultaneously up to 4 streams.
  *    multi-channel playback is assigned to the second device
  *    on these chips.
  *  - support the secondary capture (on VIA8233/C,8235)
  *  - SPDIF support
  *    the DSX3 channel can be used for SPDIF output.
  *    on VIA8233A, this channel is assigned to the second pcm
  *    playback.
  *    the card config of alsa-lib will assign the correct
  *    device for applications.
  *  - clean up the code, separate low-level initialization
  *    routines for each chipset.
  *
  * Sep. 26, 2005    Karsten Wiese <annabellesgarden@yahoo.de>
  *  - Optimize position calculation for the 823x chips. 
  */
 
 #include <linux/io.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/pci.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/gameport.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <sound/core.h>
 #include <sound/pcm.h>
 #include <sound/pcm_params.h>
 #include <sound/info.h>
 #include <sound/tlv.h>
 #include <sound/ac97_codec.h>
 #include <sound/mpu401.h>
 #include <sound/initval.h>
 
 #if 0
 #define POINTER_DEBUG
 #endif
 
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>");
 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("VIA VT82xx audio");
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 
 #if IS_REACHABLE(CONFIG_GAMEPORT)
 #define SUPPORT_JOYSTICK 1
 #endif
 
 static int index = SNDRV_DEFAULT_IDX1;  /* Index 0-MAX */
 static char *id = SNDRV_DEFAULT_STR1;   /* ID for this card */
 static long mpu_port;
 #ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
 static bool joystick;
 #endif
 static int ac97_clock = 48000;
 static char *ac97_quirk;
 static int dxs_support;
 static int dxs_init_volume = 31;
 static int nodelay;
 
 module_param(index, int, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(index, "Index value for VIA 82xx bridge.");
 module_param(id, charp, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(id, "ID string for VIA 82xx bridge.");
 module_param_hw(mpu_port, long, ioport, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(mpu_port, "MPU-401 port. (VT82C686x only)");
 #ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
 module_param(joystick, bool, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(joystick, "Enable joystick. (VT82C686x only)");
 #endif
 module_param(ac97_clock, int, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ac97_clock, "AC'97 codec clock (default 48000Hz).");
 module_param(ac97_quirk, charp, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ac97_quirk, "AC'97 workaround for strange hardware.");
 module_param(dxs_support, int, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dxs_support, "Support for DXS channels (0 = auto, 1 = enable, 2 = disable, 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample rate)");
 module_param(dxs_init_volume, int, 0644);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dxs_init_volume, "initial DXS volume (0-31)");
 module_param(nodelay, int, 0444);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(nodelay, "Disable 500ms init delay");
 
 /* just for backward compatibility */
 static bool enable;
 module_param(enable, bool, 0444);
 
 
 /* revision numbers for via686 */
 #define VIA_REV_686_A       0x10
 #define VIA_REV_686_B       0x11
 #define VIA_REV_686_C       0x12
 #define VIA_REV_686_D       0x13
 #define VIA_REV_686_E       0x14
 #define VIA_REV_686_H       0x20
 
 /* revision numbers for via8233 */
 #define VIA_REV_PRE_8233    0x10    /* not in market */
 #define VIA_REV_8233C       0x20    /* 2 rec, 4 pb, 1 multi-pb */
 #define VIA_REV_8233        0x30    /* 2 rec, 4 pb, 1 multi-pb, spdif */
 #define VIA_REV_8233A       0x40    /* 1 rec, 1 multi-pb, spdf */
 #define VIA_REV_8235        0x50    /* 2 rec, 4 pb, 1 multi-pb, spdif */
 #define VIA_REV_8237        0x60
 #define VIA_REV_8251        0x70
 
 /*
  *  Direct registers
  */
 
 #define VIAREG(via, x) ((via)->port + VIA_REG_##x)
 #define VIADEV_REG(viadev, x) ((viadev)->port + VIA_REG_##x)
 
 /* common offsets */
 #define VIA_REG_OFFSET_STATUS       0x00    /* byte - channel status */
 #define   VIA_REG_STAT_ACTIVE       0x80    /* RO */
 #define   VIA8233_SHADOW_STAT_ACTIVE    0x08    /* RO */
 #define   VIA_REG_STAT_PAUSED       0x40    /* RO */
 #define   VIA_REG_STAT_TRIGGER_QUEUED   0x08    /* RO */
 #define   VIA_REG_STAT_STOPPED      0x04    /* RWC */
 #define   VIA_REG_STAT_EOL      0x02    /* RWC */
 #define   VIA_REG_STAT_FLAG     0x01    /* RWC */
 #define VIA_REG_OFFSET_CONTROL      0x01    /* byte - channel control */
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_START        0x80    /* WO */
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_TERMINATE    0x40    /* WO */
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_AUTOSTART    0x20
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_PAUSE        0x08    /* RW */
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_INT_STOP     0x04        
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_INT_EOL      0x02
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_INT_FLAG     0x01
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_RESET        0x01    /* RW - probably reset? undocumented */
 #define   VIA_REG_CTRL_INT (VIA_REG_CTRL_INT_FLAG | VIA_REG_CTRL_INT_EOL | VIA_REG_CTRL_AUTOSTART)
 #define VIA_REG_OFFSET_TYPE     0x02    /* byte - channel type (686 only) */
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_AUTOSTART    0x80    /* RW - autostart at EOL */
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_16BIT        0x20    /* RW */
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_STEREO       0x10    /* RW */
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_LLINE    0x00
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_LSAMPLE  0x04
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_LESSONE  0x08
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_MASK     0x0c
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_EOL      0x02
 #define   VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_FLAG     0x01
 #define VIA_REG_OFFSET_TABLE_PTR    0x04    /* dword - channel table pointer */
 #define VIA_REG_OFFSET_CURR_PTR     0x04    /* dword - channel current pointer */
 #define VIA_REG_OFFSET_STOP_IDX     0x08    /* dword - stop index, channel type, sample rate */
 #define   VIA8233_REG_TYPE_16BIT    0x00200000  /* RW */
 #define   VIA8233_REG_TYPE_STEREO   0x00100000  /* RW */
 #define VIA_REG_OFFSET_CURR_COUNT   0x0c    /* dword - channel current count (24 bit) */
 #define VIA_REG_OFFSET_CURR_INDEX   0x0f    /* byte - channel current index (for via8233 only) */
 
 #define DEFINE_VIA_REGSET(name,val) \
 enum {\
     VIA_REG_##name##_STATUS     = (val),\
     VIA_REG_##name##_CONTROL    = (val) + 0x01,\
     VIA_REG_##name##_TYPE       = (val) + 0x02,\
     VIA_REG_##name##_TABLE_PTR  = (val) + 0x04,\
     VIA_REG_##name##_CURR_PTR   = (val) + 0x04,\
     VIA_REG_##name##_STOP_IDX   = (val) + 0x08,\
     VIA_REG_##name##_CURR_COUNT = (val) + 0x0c,\
 }
 
 /* playback block */
 DEFINE_VIA_REGSET(PLAYBACK, 0x00);
 DEFINE_VIA_REGSET(CAPTURE, 0x10);
 DEFINE_VIA_REGSET(FM, 0x20);
 
 /* AC'97 */
 #define VIA_REG_AC97            0x80    /* dword */
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_MASK    (3<<30)
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SHIFT   30
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_PRIMARY 0x00
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SECONDARY 0x01
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID  (1<<27)
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_PRIMARY_VALID    (1<<25)
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY     (1<<24)
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_READ     (1<<23)
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_CMD_SHIFT    16
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_CMD_MASK     0x7e
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_DATA_SHIFT   0
 #define   VIA_REG_AC97_DATA_MASK    0xffff
 
 #define VIA_REG_SGD_SHADOW      0x84    /* dword */
 /* via686 */
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_PB_FLAG  (1<<0)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_CP_FLAG  (1<<1)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_FM_FLAG  (1<<2)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_PB_EOL   (1<<4)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_CP_EOL   (1<<5)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_FM_EOL   (1<<6)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_PB_STOP  (1<<8)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_CP_STOP  (1<<9)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_FM_STOP  (1<<10)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_PB_ACTIVE    (1<<12)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_CP_ACTIVE    (1<<13)
 #define   VIA_REG_SGD_STAT_FM_ACTIVE    (1<<14)
 /* via8233 */
 #define   VIA8233_REG_SGD_STAT_FLAG (1<<0)
 #define   VIA8233_REG_SGD_STAT_EOL  (1<<1)
 #define   VIA8233_REG_SGD_STAT_STOP (1<<2)
 #define   VIA8233_REG_SGD_STAT_ACTIVE   (1<<3)
 #define VIA8233_INTR_MASK(chan) ((VIA8233_REG_SGD_STAT_FLAG|VIA8233_REG_SGD_STAT_EOL) << ((chan) * 4))
 #define   VIA8233_REG_SGD_CHAN_SDX  0
 #define   VIA8233_REG_SGD_CHAN_MULTI    4
 #define   VIA8233_REG_SGD_CHAN_REC  6
 #define   VIA8233_REG_SGD_CHAN_REC1 7
 
 #define VIA_REG_GPI_STATUS      0x88
 #define VIA_REG_GPI_INTR        0x8c
 
 /* multi-channel and capture registers for via8233 */
 DEFINE_VIA_REGSET(MULTPLAY, 0x40);
 DEFINE_VIA_REGSET(CAPTURE_8233, 0x60);
 
 /* via8233-specific registers */
 #define VIA_REG_OFS_PLAYBACK_VOLUME_L   0x02    /* byte */
 #define VIA_REG_OFS_PLAYBACK_VOLUME_R   0x03    /* byte */
 #define VIA_REG_OFS_MULTPLAY_FORMAT 0x02    /* byte - format and channels */
 #define   VIA_REG_MULTPLAY_FMT_8BIT 0x00
 #define   VIA_REG_MULTPLAY_FMT_16BIT    0x80
 #define   VIA_REG_MULTPLAY_FMT_CH_MASK  0x70    /* # channels << 4 (valid = 1,2,4,6) */
 #define VIA_REG_OFS_CAPTURE_FIFO    0x02    /* byte - bit 6 = fifo  enable */
 #define   VIA_REG_CAPTURE_FIFO_ENABLE   0x40
 
 #define VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME      31  /* max. volume (attenuation) of reg 0x32/33 */
 
 #define VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL     0x63    /* byte - input select */
 #define   VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL_MIC   0x4
 #define   VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL_LINE  0
 #define   VIA_REG_CAPTURE_SELECT_CODEC  0x03    /* recording source codec (0 = primary) */
 
 #define VIA_TBL_BIT_FLAG    0x40000000
 #define VIA_TBL_BIT_EOL     0x80000000
 
 /* pci space */
 #define VIA_ACLINK_STAT     0x40
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_C11_READY   0x20
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_C10_READY   0x10
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_C01_READY   0x04 /* secondary codec ready */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_LOWPOWER    0x02 /* low-power state */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_C00_READY   0x01 /* primary codec ready */
 #define VIA_ACLINK_CTRL     0x41
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_ENABLE 0x80 /* 0: disable, 1: enable */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_RESET  0x40 /* 0: assert, 1: de-assert */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_SYNC   0x20 /* 0: release SYNC, 1: force SYNC hi */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_SDO    0x10 /* 0: release SDO, 1: force SDO hi */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_VRA    0x08 /* 0: disable VRA, 1: enable VRA */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_PCM    0x04 /* 0: disable PCM, 1: enable PCM */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_FM 0x02 /* via686 only */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_SB 0x01 /* via686 only */
 #define  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_INIT   (VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_ENABLE|\
                  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_RESET|\
                  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_PCM|\
                  VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_VRA)
 #define VIA_FUNC_ENABLE     0x42
 #define  VIA_FUNC_MIDI_PNP  0x80 /* FIXME: it's 0x40 in the datasheet! */
 #define  VIA_FUNC_MIDI_IRQMASK  0x40 /* FIXME: not documented! */
 #define  VIA_FUNC_RX2C_WRITE    0x20
 #define  VIA_FUNC_SB_FIFO_EMPTY 0x10
 #define  VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_GAME   0x08
 #define  VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_FM 0x04
 #define  VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_MIDI   0x02
 #define  VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_SB 0x01
 #define VIA_PNP_CONTROL     0x43
 #define VIA_FM_NMI_CTRL     0x48
 #define VIA8233_VOLCHG_CTRL 0x48
 #define VIA8233_SPDIF_CTRL  0x49
 #define  VIA8233_SPDIF_DX3  0x08
 #define  VIA8233_SPDIF_SLOT_MASK    0x03
 #define  VIA8233_SPDIF_SLOT_1011    0x00
 #define  VIA8233_SPDIF_SLOT_34      0x01
 #define  VIA8233_SPDIF_SLOT_78      0x02
 #define  VIA8233_SPDIF_SLOT_69      0x03
 
 /*
  */
 
 #define VIA_DXS_AUTO    0
 #define VIA_DXS_ENABLE  1
 #define VIA_DXS_DISABLE 2
 #define VIA_DXS_48K 3
 #define VIA_DXS_NO_VRA  4
 #define VIA_DXS_SRC 5
 
 
 /*
  * pcm stream
  */
 
 struct snd_via_sg_table {
     unsigned int offset;
     unsigned int size;
 } ;
 
 #define VIA_TABLE_SIZE  255
 #define VIA_MAX_BUFSIZE (1<<24)
 
 struct viadev {
     unsigned int reg_offset;
     unsigned long port;
     int direction;  /* playback = 0, capture = 1 */
         struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
     int running;
     unsigned int tbl_entries; /* # descriptors */
     struct snd_dma_buffer table;
     struct snd_via_sg_table *idx_table;
     /* for recovery from the unexpected pointer */
     unsigned int lastpos;
     unsigned int fragsize;
     unsigned int bufsize;
     unsigned int bufsize2;
     int hwptr_done;     /* processed frame position in the buffer */
     int in_interrupt;
     int shadow_shift;
 };
 
 
 enum { TYPE_CARD_VIA686 = 1, TYPE_CARD_VIA8233 };
 enum { TYPE_VIA686, TYPE_VIA8233, TYPE_VIA8233A };
 
 #define VIA_MAX_DEVS    7   /* 4 playback, 1 multi, 2 capture */
 
 struct via_rate_lock {
     spinlock_t lock;
     int rate;
     int used;
 };
 
 struct via82xx {
     int irq;
 
     unsigned long port;
     struct resource *mpu_res;
     int chip_type;
     unsigned char revision;
 
     unsigned char old_legacy;
     unsigned char old_legacy_cfg;
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
     unsigned char legacy_saved;
     unsigned char legacy_cfg_saved;
     unsigned char spdif_ctrl_saved;
     unsigned char capture_src_saved[2];
     unsigned int mpu_port_saved;
 #endif
 
     unsigned char playback_volume[4][2]; /* for VIA8233/C/8235; default = 0 */
     unsigned char playback_volume_c[2]; /* for VIA8233/C/8235; default = 0 */
 
     unsigned int intr_mask; /* SGD_SHADOW mask to check interrupts */
 
     struct pci_dev *pci;
     struct snd_card *card;
 
     unsigned int num_devs;
     unsigned int playback_devno, multi_devno, capture_devno;
     struct viadev devs[VIA_MAX_DEVS];
     struct via_rate_lock rates[2]; /* playback and capture */
     unsigned int dxs_fixed: 1;  /* DXS channel accepts only 48kHz */
     unsigned int no_vra: 1;     /* no need to set VRA on DXS channels */
     unsigned int dxs_src: 1;    /* use full SRC capabilities of DXS */
     unsigned int spdif_on: 1;   /* only spdif rates work to external DACs */
 
     struct snd_pcm *pcms[2];
     struct snd_rawmidi *rmidi;
     struct snd_kcontrol *dxs_controls[4];
 
     struct snd_ac97_bus *ac97_bus;
     struct snd_ac97 *ac97;
     unsigned int ac97_clock;
     unsigned int ac97_secondary;    /* secondary AC'97 codec is present */
 
     spinlock_t reg_lock;
     struct snd_info_entry *proc_entry;
 
 #ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
     struct gameport *gameport;
 #endif
 };
 
 static const struct pci_device_id snd_via82xx_ids[] = {
     /* 0x1106, 0x3058 */
     { PCI_VDEVICE(VIA, PCI_DEVICE_ID_VIA_82C686_5), TYPE_CARD_VIA686, },    /* 686A */
     /* 0x1106, 0x3059 */
     { PCI_VDEVICE(VIA, PCI_DEVICE_ID_VIA_8233_5), TYPE_CARD_VIA8233, }, /* VT8233 */
     { 0, }
 };
 
 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, snd_via82xx_ids);
 
 /*
  */
 
 /*
  * allocate and initialize the descriptor buffers
  * periods = number of periods
  * fragsize = period size in bytes
  */
 static int build_via_table(struct viadev *dev, struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                struct pci_dev *pci,
                unsigned int periods, unsigned int fragsize)
 {
     unsigned int i, idx, ofs, rest;
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     __le32 *pgtbl;
 
     if (dev->table.area == NULL) {
         /* the start of each lists must be aligned to 8 bytes,
          * but the kernel pages are much bigger, so we don't care
          */
         if (snd_dma_alloc_pages(SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV, &chip->pci->dev,
                     PAGE_ALIGN(VIA_TABLE_SIZE * 2 * 8),
                     &dev->table) < 0)
             return -ENOMEM;
     }
     if (! dev->idx_table) {
         dev->idx_table = kmalloc_array(VIA_TABLE_SIZE,
                            sizeof(*dev->idx_table),
                            GFP_KERNEL);
         if (! dev->idx_table)
             return -ENOMEM;
     }
 
     /* fill the entries */
     idx = 0;
     ofs = 0;
     pgtbl = (__le32 *)dev->table.area;
     for (i = 0; i < periods; i++) {
         rest = fragsize;
         /* fill descriptors for a period.
          * a period can be split to several descriptors if it's
          * over page boundary.
          */
         do {
             unsigned int r;
             unsigned int flag;
             unsigned int addr;
 
             if (idx >= VIA_TABLE_SIZE) {
                 dev_err(&pci->dev, "too much table size!\n");
                 return -EINVAL;
             }
             addr = snd_pcm_sgbuf_get_addr(substream, ofs);
             pgtbl[idx << 1] = cpu_to_le32(addr);
             r = snd_pcm_sgbuf_get_chunk_size(substream, ofs, rest);
             rest -= r;
             if (! rest) {
                 if (i == periods - 1)
                     flag = VIA_TBL_BIT_EOL; /* buffer boundary */
                 else
                     flag = VIA_TBL_BIT_FLAG; /* period boundary */
             } else
                 flag = 0; /* period continues to the next */
             /*
             dev_dbg(&pci->dev,
                 "tbl %d: at %d  size %d (rest %d)\n",
                 idx, ofs, r, rest);
             */
             pgtbl[(idx<<1) + 1] = cpu_to_le32(r | flag);
             dev->idx_table[idx].offset = ofs;
             dev->idx_table[idx].size = r;
             ofs += r;
             idx++;
         } while (rest > 0);
     }
     dev->tbl_entries = idx;
     dev->bufsize = periods * fragsize;
     dev->bufsize2 = dev->bufsize / 2;
     dev->fragsize = fragsize;
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 static int clean_via_table(struct viadev *dev, struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                struct pci_dev *pci)
 {
     if (dev->table.area) {
         snd_dma_free_pages(&dev->table);
         dev->table.area = NULL;
     }
     kfree(dev->idx_table);
     dev->idx_table = NULL;
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  *  Basic I/O
  */
 
 static inline unsigned int snd_via82xx_codec_xread(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     return inl(VIAREG(chip, AC97));
 }
  
 static inline void snd_via82xx_codec_xwrite(struct via82xx *chip, unsigned int val)
 {
     outl(val, VIAREG(chip, AC97));
 }
  
 static int snd_via82xx_codec_ready(struct via82xx *chip, int secondary)
 {
     unsigned int timeout = 1000;    /* 1ms */
     unsigned int val;
     
     while (timeout-- > 0) {
         udelay(1);
         val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
         if (!(val & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY))
             return val & 0xffff;
     }
     dev_err(chip->card->dev, "codec_ready: codec %i is not ready [0x%x]\n",
            secondary, snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip));
     return -EIO;
 }
  
 static int snd_via82xx_codec_valid(struct via82xx *chip, int secondary)
 {
     unsigned int timeout = 1000;    /* 1ms */
     unsigned int val, val1;
     unsigned int stat = !secondary ? VIA_REG_AC97_PRIMARY_VALID :
                      VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID;
     
     while (timeout-- > 0) {
         val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
         val1 = val & (VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY | stat);
         if (val1 == stat)
             return val & 0xffff;
         udelay(1);
     }
     return -EIO;
 }
  
 static void snd_via82xx_codec_wait(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = ac97->private_data;
     __always_unused int err;
     err = snd_via82xx_codec_ready(chip, ac97->num);
     /* here we need to wait fairly for long time.. */
     if (!nodelay)
         msleep(500);
 }
 
 static void snd_via82xx_codec_write(struct snd_ac97 *ac97,
                     unsigned short reg,
                     unsigned short val)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = ac97->private_data;
     unsigned int xval;
 
     xval = !ac97->num ? VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_PRIMARY : VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SECONDARY;
     xval <<= VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SHIFT;
     xval |= reg << VIA_REG_AC97_CMD_SHIFT;
     xval |= val << VIA_REG_AC97_DATA_SHIFT;
     snd_via82xx_codec_xwrite(chip, xval);
     snd_via82xx_codec_ready(chip, ac97->num);
 }
 
 static unsigned short snd_via82xx_codec_read(struct snd_ac97 *ac97, unsigned short reg)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = ac97->private_data;
     unsigned int xval, val = 0xffff;
     int again = 0;
 
     xval = ac97->num << VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SHIFT;
     xval |= ac97->num ? VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID : VIA_REG_AC97_PRIMARY_VALID;
     xval |= VIA_REG_AC97_READ;
     xval |= (reg & 0x7f) << VIA_REG_AC97_CMD_SHIFT;
         while (1) {
             if (again++ > 3) {
             dev_err(chip->card->dev,
                 "codec_read: codec %i is not valid [0x%x]\n",
                    ac97->num, snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip));
                 return 0xffff;
         }
         snd_via82xx_codec_xwrite(chip, xval);
         udelay (20);
         if (snd_via82xx_codec_valid(chip, ac97->num) >= 0) {
             udelay(25);
             val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
             break;
         }
     }
     return val & 0xffff;
 }
 
 static void snd_via82xx_channel_reset(struct via82xx *chip, struct viadev *viadev)
 {
     outb(VIA_REG_CTRL_PAUSE | VIA_REG_CTRL_TERMINATE | VIA_REG_CTRL_RESET,
          VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_CONTROL));
     inb(VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_CONTROL));
     udelay(50);
     /* disable interrupts */
     outb(0x00, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_CONTROL));
     /* clear interrupts */
     outb(0x03, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STATUS));
     outb(0x00, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_TYPE)); /* for via686 */
     // outl(0, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_CURR_PTR));
     viadev->lastpos = 0;
     viadev->hwptr_done = 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  *  Interrupt handler
  *  Used for 686 and 8233A
  */
 static irqreturn_t snd_via686_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = dev_id;
     unsigned int status;
     unsigned int i;
 
     status = inl(VIAREG(chip, SGD_SHADOW));
     if (! (status & chip->intr_mask)) {
         if (chip->rmidi)
             /* check mpu401 interrupt */
             return snd_mpu401_uart_interrupt(irq, chip->rmidi->private_data);
         return IRQ_NONE;
     }
 
     /* check status for each stream */
     spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
     for (i = 0; i < chip->num_devs; i++) {
         struct viadev *viadev = &chip->devs[i];
         unsigned char c_status = inb(VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STATUS));
         if (! (c_status & (VIA_REG_STAT_EOL|VIA_REG_STAT_FLAG|VIA_REG_STAT_STOPPED)))
             continue;
         if (viadev->substream && viadev->running) {
             /*
              * Update hwptr_done based on 'period elapsed'
              * interrupts. We'll use it, when the chip returns 0 
              * for OFFSET_CURR_COUNT.
              */
             if (c_status & VIA_REG_STAT_EOL)
                 viadev->hwptr_done = 0;
             else
                 viadev->hwptr_done += viadev->fragsize;
             viadev->in_interrupt = c_status;
             spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
             snd_pcm_period_elapsed(viadev->substream);
             spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
             viadev->in_interrupt = 0;
         }
         outb(c_status, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STATUS)); /* ack */
     }
     spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
     return IRQ_HANDLED;
 }
 
 /*
  *  Interrupt handler
  */
 static irqreturn_t snd_via8233_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = dev_id;
     unsigned int status;
     unsigned int i;
     int irqreturn = 0;
 
     /* check status for each stream */
     spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
     status = inl(VIAREG(chip, SGD_SHADOW));
 
     for (i = 0; i < chip->num_devs; i++) {
         struct viadev *viadev = &chip->devs[i];
         struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
         unsigned char c_status, shadow_status;
 
         shadow_status = (status >> viadev->shadow_shift) &
             (VIA8233_SHADOW_STAT_ACTIVE|VIA_REG_STAT_EOL|
              VIA_REG_STAT_FLAG);
         c_status = shadow_status & (VIA_REG_STAT_EOL|VIA_REG_STAT_FLAG);
         if (!c_status)
             continue;
 
         substream = viadev->substream;
         if (substream && viadev->running) {
             /*
              * Update hwptr_done based on 'period elapsed'
              * interrupts. We'll use it, when the chip returns 0 
              * for OFFSET_CURR_COUNT.
              */
             if (c_status & VIA_REG_STAT_EOL)
                 viadev->hwptr_done = 0;
             else
                 viadev->hwptr_done += viadev->fragsize;
             viadev->in_interrupt = c_status;
             if (shadow_status & VIA8233_SHADOW_STAT_ACTIVE)
                 viadev->in_interrupt |= VIA_REG_STAT_ACTIVE;
             spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
 
             snd_pcm_period_elapsed(substream);
 
             spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
             viadev->in_interrupt = 0;
         }
         outb(c_status, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STATUS)); /* ack */
         irqreturn = 1;
     }
     spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
     return IRQ_RETVAL(irqreturn);
 }
 
 /*
  *  PCM callbacks
  */
 
 /*
  * trigger callback
  */
 static int snd_via82xx_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream, int cmd)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     unsigned char val;
 
     if (chip->chip_type != TYPE_VIA686)
         val = VIA_REG_CTRL_INT;
     else
         val = 0;
     switch (cmd) {
     case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
     case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_RESUME:
         val |= VIA_REG_CTRL_START;
         viadev->running = 1;
         break;
     case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
     case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_SUSPEND:
         val = VIA_REG_CTRL_TERMINATE;
         viadev->running = 0;
         break;
     case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_PUSH:
         val |= VIA_REG_CTRL_PAUSE;
         viadev->running = 0;
         break;
     case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_PAUSE_RELEASE:
         viadev->running = 1;
         break;
     default:
         return -EINVAL;
     }
     outb(val, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_CONTROL));
     if (cmd == SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP)
         snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, viadev);
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * pointer callbacks
  */
 
 /*
  * calculate the linear position at the given sg-buffer index and the rest count
  */
 
 #define check_invalid_pos(viadev,pos) \
     ((pos) < viadev->lastpos && ((pos) >= viadev->bufsize2 ||\
                      viadev->lastpos < viadev->bufsize2))
 
 static inline unsigned int calc_linear_pos(struct via82xx *chip,
                        struct viadev *viadev,
                        unsigned int idx,
                        unsigned int count)
 {
     unsigned int size, base, res;
 
     size = viadev->idx_table[idx].size;
     base = viadev->idx_table[idx].offset;
     res = base + size - count;
     if (res >= viadev->bufsize)
         res -= viadev->bufsize;
 
     /* check the validity of the calculated position */
     if (size < count) {
         dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
             "invalid via82xx_cur_ptr (size = %d, count = %d)\n",
                (int)size, (int)count);
         res = viadev->lastpos;
     } else {
         if (! count) {
             /* Some mobos report count = 0 on the DMA boundary,
              * i.e. count = size indeed.
              * Let's check whether this step is above the expected size.
              */
             int delta = res - viadev->lastpos;
             if (delta < 0)
                 delta += viadev->bufsize;
             if ((unsigned int)delta > viadev->fragsize)
                 res = base;
         }
         if (check_invalid_pos(viadev, res)) {
 #ifdef POINTER_DEBUG
             dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
                 "fail: idx = %i/%i, lastpos = 0x%x, bufsize2 = 0x%x, offsize = 0x%x, size = 0x%x, count = 0x%x\n",
                 idx, viadev->tbl_entries,
                    viadev->lastpos, viadev->bufsize2,
                    viadev->idx_table[idx].offset,
                    viadev->idx_table[idx].size, count);
 #endif
             /* count register returns full size when end of buffer is reached */
             res = base + size;
             if (check_invalid_pos(viadev, res)) {
                 dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
                     "invalid via82xx_cur_ptr (2), using last valid pointer\n");
                 res = viadev->lastpos;
             }
         }
     }
     return res;
 }
 
 /*
  * get the current pointer on via686
  */
 static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_via686_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     unsigned int idx, ptr, count, res;
 
     if (snd_BUG_ON(!viadev->tbl_entries))
         return 0;
     if (!(inb(VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STATUS)) & VIA_REG_STAT_ACTIVE))
         return 0;
 
     spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
     count = inl(VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_CURR_COUNT)) & 0xffffff;
     /* The via686a does not have the current index register,
      * so we need to calculate the index from CURR_PTR.
      */
     ptr = inl(VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_CURR_PTR));
     if (ptr <= (unsigned int)viadev->table.addr)
         idx = 0;
     else /* CURR_PTR holds the address + 8 */
         idx = ((ptr - (unsigned int)viadev->table.addr) / 8 - 1) % viadev->tbl_entries;
     res = calc_linear_pos(chip, viadev, idx, count);
     viadev->lastpos = res; /* remember the last position */
     spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
 
     return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, res);
 }
 
 /*
  * get the current pointer on via823x
  */
 static snd_pcm_uframes_t snd_via8233_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     unsigned int idx, count, res;
     int status;
     
     if (snd_BUG_ON(!viadev->tbl_entries))
         return 0;
 
     spin_lock(&chip->reg_lock);
     count = inl(VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_CURR_COUNT));
     status = viadev->in_interrupt;
     if (!status)
         status = inb(VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STATUS));
 
     /* An apparent bug in the 8251 is worked around by sending a 
      * REG_CTRL_START. */
     if (chip->revision == VIA_REV_8251 && (status & VIA_REG_STAT_EOL))
         snd_via82xx_pcm_trigger(substream, SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START);
 
     if (!(status & VIA_REG_STAT_ACTIVE)) {
         res = 0;
         goto unlock;
     }
     if (count & 0xffffff) {
         idx = count >> 24;
         if (idx >= viadev->tbl_entries) {
 #ifdef POINTER_DEBUG
             dev_dbg(chip->card->dev,
                 "fail: invalid idx = %i/%i\n", idx,
                    viadev->tbl_entries);
 #endif
             res = viadev->lastpos;
         } else {
             count &= 0xffffff;
             res = calc_linear_pos(chip, viadev, idx, count);
         }
     } else {
         res = viadev->hwptr_done;
         if (!viadev->in_interrupt) {
             if (status & VIA_REG_STAT_EOL) {
                 res = 0;
             } else
                 if (status & VIA_REG_STAT_FLAG) {
                     res += viadev->fragsize;
                 }
         }
     }               
 unlock:
     viadev->lastpos = res;
     spin_unlock(&chip->reg_lock);
 
     return bytes_to_frames(substream->runtime, res);
 }
 
 
 /*
  * hw_params callback:
  * allocate the buffer and build up the buffer description table
  */
 static int snd_via82xx_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
                  struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
 
     return build_via_table(viadev, substream, chip->pci,
                    params_periods(hw_params),
                    params_period_bytes(hw_params));
 }
 
 /*
  * hw_free callback:
  * clean up the buffer description table and release the buffer
  */
 static int snd_via82xx_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
 
     clean_via_table(viadev, substream, chip->pci);
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * set up the table pointer
  */
 static void snd_via82xx_set_table_ptr(struct via82xx *chip, struct viadev *viadev)
 {
     snd_via82xx_codec_ready(chip, 0);
     outl((u32)viadev->table.addr, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_TABLE_PTR));
     udelay(20);
     snd_via82xx_codec_ready(chip, 0);
 }
 
 /*
  * prepare callback for playback and capture on via686
  */
 static void via686_setup_format(struct via82xx *chip, struct viadev *viadev,
                 struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime)
 {
     snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, viadev);
     /* this must be set after channel_reset */
     snd_via82xx_set_table_ptr(chip, viadev);
     outb(VIA_REG_TYPE_AUTOSTART |
          (runtime->format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE ? VIA_REG_TYPE_16BIT : 0) |
          (runtime->channels > 1 ? VIA_REG_TYPE_STEREO : 0) |
          ((viadev->reg_offset & 0x10) == 0 ? VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_LSAMPLE : 0) |
          VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_EOL |
          VIA_REG_TYPE_INT_FLAG, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_TYPE));
 }
 
 static int snd_via686_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
     snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE, runtime->rate);
     snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_SPDIF, runtime->rate);
     via686_setup_format(chip, viadev, runtime);
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via686_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
     snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE, runtime->rate);
     via686_setup_format(chip, viadev, runtime);
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * lock the current rate
  */
 static int via_lock_rate(struct via_rate_lock *rec, int rate)
 {
     int changed = 0;
 
     spin_lock_irq(&rec->lock);
     if (rec->rate != rate) {
         if (rec->rate && rec->used > 1) /* already set */
             changed = -EINVAL;
         else {
             rec->rate = rate;
             changed = 1;
         }
     }
     spin_unlock_irq(&rec->lock);
     return changed;
 }
 
 /*
  * prepare callback for DSX playback on via823x
  */
 static int snd_via8233_playback_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
     int ac97_rate = chip->dxs_src ? 48000 : runtime->rate;
     int rate_changed;
     u32 rbits;
 
     rate_changed = via_lock_rate(&chip->rates[0], ac97_rate);
     if (rate_changed < 0)
         return rate_changed;
     if (rate_changed)
         snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE,
                   chip->no_vra ? 48000 : runtime->rate);
     if (chip->spdif_on && viadev->reg_offset == 0x30)
         snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_SPDIF, runtime->rate);
 
     if (runtime->rate == 48000)
         rbits = 0xfffff;
     else
         rbits = (0x100000 / 48000) * runtime->rate +
             ((0x100000 % 48000) * runtime->rate) / 48000;
     snd_BUG_ON(rbits & ~0xfffff);
     snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, viadev);
     snd_via82xx_set_table_ptr(chip, viadev);
     outb(chip->playback_volume[viadev->reg_offset / 0x10][0],
          VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFS_PLAYBACK_VOLUME_L));
     outb(chip->playback_volume[viadev->reg_offset / 0x10][1],
          VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFS_PLAYBACK_VOLUME_R));
     outl((runtime->format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE ? VIA8233_REG_TYPE_16BIT : 0) | /* format */
          (runtime->channels > 1 ? VIA8233_REG_TYPE_STEREO : 0) | /* stereo */
          rbits | /* rate */
          0xff000000,    /* STOP index is never reached */
          VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STOP_IDX));
     udelay(20);
     snd_via82xx_codec_ready(chip, 0);
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * prepare callback for multi-channel playback on via823x
  */
 static int snd_via8233_multi_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
     unsigned int slots;
     int fmt;
 
     if (via_lock_rate(&chip->rates[0], runtime->rate) < 0)
         return -EINVAL;
     snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE, runtime->rate);
     snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE, runtime->rate);
     snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE, runtime->rate);
     snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_SPDIF, runtime->rate);
     snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, viadev);
     snd_via82xx_set_table_ptr(chip, viadev);
 
     fmt = (runtime->format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE) ?
         VIA_REG_MULTPLAY_FMT_16BIT : VIA_REG_MULTPLAY_FMT_8BIT;
     fmt |= runtime->channels << 4;
     outb(fmt, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFS_MULTPLAY_FORMAT));
 #if 0
     if (chip->revision == VIA_REV_8233A)
         slots = 0;
     else
 #endif
     {
         /* set sample number to slot 3, 4, 7, 8, 6, 9 (for VIA8233/C,8235) */
         /* corresponding to FL, FR, RL, RR, C, LFE ?? */
         switch (runtime->channels) {
         case 1: slots = (1<<0) | (1<<4); break;
         case 2: slots = (1<<0) | (2<<4); break;
         case 3: slots = (1<<0) | (2<<4) | (5<<8); break;
         case 4: slots = (1<<0) | (2<<4) | (3<<8) | (4<<12); break;
         case 5: slots = (1<<0) | (2<<4) | (3<<8) | (4<<12) | (5<<16); break;
         case 6: slots = (1<<0) | (2<<4) | (3<<8) | (4<<12) | (5<<16) | (6<<20); break;
         default: slots = 0; break;
         }
     }
     /* STOP index is never reached */
     outl(0xff000000 | slots, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STOP_IDX));
     udelay(20);
     snd_via82xx_codec_ready(chip, 0);
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * prepare callback for capture on via823x
  */
 static int snd_via8233_capture_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
 
     if (via_lock_rate(&chip->rates[1], runtime->rate) < 0)
         return -EINVAL;
     snd_ac97_set_rate(chip->ac97, AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE, runtime->rate);
     snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, viadev);
     snd_via82xx_set_table_ptr(chip, viadev);
     outb(VIA_REG_CAPTURE_FIFO_ENABLE, VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFS_CAPTURE_FIFO));
     outl((runtime->format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE ? VIA8233_REG_TYPE_16BIT : 0) |
          (runtime->channels > 1 ? VIA8233_REG_TYPE_STEREO : 0) |
          0xff000000,    /* STOP index is never reached */
          VIADEV_REG(viadev, OFFSET_STOP_IDX));
     udelay(20);
     snd_via82xx_codec_ready(chip, 0);
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * pcm hardware definition, identical for both playback and capture
  */
 static const struct snd_pcm_hardware snd_via82xx_hw =
 {
     .info =         (SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP | SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED |
                  SNDRV_PCM_INFO_BLOCK_TRANSFER |
                  SNDRV_PCM_INFO_MMAP_VALID |
                  /* SNDRV_PCM_INFO_RESUME | */
                  SNDRV_PCM_INFO_PAUSE),
     .formats =      SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8 | SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
     .rates =        SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000,
     .rate_min =     48000,
     .rate_max =     48000,
     .channels_min =     1,
     .channels_max =     2,
     .buffer_bytes_max = VIA_MAX_BUFSIZE,
     .period_bytes_min = 32,
     .period_bytes_max = VIA_MAX_BUFSIZE / 2,
     .periods_min =      2,
     .periods_max =      VIA_TABLE_SIZE / 2,
     .fifo_size =        0,
 };
 
 
 /*
  * open callback skeleton
  */
 static int snd_via82xx_pcm_open(struct via82xx *chip, struct viadev *viadev,
                 struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
     int err;
     struct via_rate_lock *ratep;
     bool use_src = false;
 
     runtime->hw = snd_via82xx_hw;
     
     /* set the hw rate condition */
     ratep = &chip->rates[viadev->direction];
     spin_lock_irq(&ratep->lock);
     ratep->used++;
     if (chip->spdif_on && viadev->reg_offset == 0x30) {
         /* DXS#3 and spdif is on */
         runtime->hw.rates = chip->ac97->rates[AC97_RATES_SPDIF];
         snd_pcm_limit_hw_rates(runtime);
     } else if (chip->dxs_fixed && viadev->reg_offset < 0x40) {
         /* fixed DXS playback rate */
         runtime->hw.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000;
         runtime->hw.rate_min = runtime->hw.rate_max = 48000;
     } else if (chip->dxs_src && viadev->reg_offset < 0x40) {
         /* use full SRC capabilities of DXS */
         runtime->hw.rates = (SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS |
                      SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000);
         runtime->hw.rate_min = 8000;
         runtime->hw.rate_max = 48000;
         use_src = true;
     } else if (! ratep->rate) {
         int idx = viadev->direction ? AC97_RATES_ADC : AC97_RATES_FRONT_DAC;
         runtime->hw.rates = chip->ac97->rates[idx];
         snd_pcm_limit_hw_rates(runtime);
     } else {
         /* a fixed rate */
         runtime->hw.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_KNOT;
         runtime->hw.rate_max = runtime->hw.rate_min = ratep->rate;
     }
     spin_unlock_irq(&ratep->lock);
 
     /* we may remove following constaint when we modify table entries
        in interrupt */
     err = snd_pcm_hw_constraint_integer(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIODS);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     if (use_src) {
         err = snd_pcm_hw_rule_noresample(runtime, 48000);
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
     }
 
     runtime->private_data = viadev;
     viadev->substream = substream;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * open callback for playback on via686
  */
 static int snd_via686_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = &chip->devs[chip->playback_devno + substream->number];
     int err;
 
     err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * open callback for playback on via823x DXS
  */
 static int snd_via8233_playback_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev;
     unsigned int stream;
     int err;
 
     viadev = &chip->devs[chip->playback_devno + substream->number];
     err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     stream = viadev->reg_offset / 0x10;
     if (chip->dxs_controls[stream]) {
         chip->playback_volume[stream][0] =
                 VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME - (dxs_init_volume & 31);
         chip->playback_volume[stream][1] =
                 VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME - (dxs_init_volume & 31);
         chip->dxs_controls[stream]->vd[0].access &=
             ~SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
         snd_ctl_notify(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE |
                    SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
                    &chip->dxs_controls[stream]->id);
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * open callback for playback on via823x multi-channel
  */
 static int snd_via8233_multi_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = &chip->devs[chip->multi_devno];
     int err;
     /* channels constraint for VIA8233A
      * 3 and 5 channels are not supported
      */
     static const unsigned int channels[] = {
         1, 2, 4, 6
     };
     static const struct snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list hw_constraints_channels = {
         .count = ARRAY_SIZE(channels),
         .list = channels,
         .mask = 0,
     };
 
     err = snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     substream->runtime->hw.channels_max = 6;
     if (chip->revision == VIA_REV_8233A)
         snd_pcm_hw_constraint_list(substream->runtime, 0,
                        SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS,
                        &hw_constraints_channels);
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * open callback for capture on via686 and via823x
  */
 static int snd_via82xx_capture_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = &chip->devs[chip->capture_devno + substream->pcm->device];
 
     return snd_via82xx_pcm_open(chip, viadev, substream);
 }
 
 /*
  * close callback
  */
 static int snd_via82xx_pcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     struct via_rate_lock *ratep;
 
     /* release the rate lock */
     ratep = &chip->rates[viadev->direction];
     spin_lock_irq(&ratep->lock);
     ratep->used--;
     if (! ratep->used)
         ratep->rate = 0;
     spin_unlock_irq(&ratep->lock);
     if (! ratep->rate) {
         if (! viadev->direction) {
             snd_ac97_update_power(chip->ac97,
                           AC97_PCM_FRONT_DAC_RATE, 0);
             snd_ac97_update_power(chip->ac97,
                           AC97_PCM_SURR_DAC_RATE, 0);
             snd_ac97_update_power(chip->ac97,
                           AC97_PCM_LFE_DAC_RATE, 0);
         } else
             snd_ac97_update_power(chip->ac97,
                           AC97_PCM_LR_ADC_RATE, 0);
     }
     viadev->substream = NULL;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via8233_playback_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_pcm_substream_chip(substream);
     struct viadev *viadev = substream->runtime->private_data;
     unsigned int stream;
 
     stream = viadev->reg_offset / 0x10;
     if (chip->dxs_controls[stream]) {
         chip->dxs_controls[stream]->vd[0].access |=
             SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE;
         snd_ctl_notify(chip->card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_INFO,
                    &chip->dxs_controls[stream]->id);
     }
     return snd_via82xx_pcm_close(substream);
 }
 
 
 /* via686 playback callbacks */
 static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_via686_playback_ops = {
     .open =     snd_via686_playback_open,
     .close =    snd_via82xx_pcm_close,
     .hw_params =    snd_via82xx_hw_params,
     .hw_free =  snd_via82xx_hw_free,
     .prepare =  snd_via686_playback_prepare,
     .trigger =  snd_via82xx_pcm_trigger,
     .pointer =  snd_via686_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
 /* via686 capture callbacks */
 static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_via686_capture_ops = {
     .open =     snd_via82xx_capture_open,
     .close =    snd_via82xx_pcm_close,
     .hw_params =    snd_via82xx_hw_params,
     .hw_free =  snd_via82xx_hw_free,
     .prepare =  snd_via686_capture_prepare,
     .trigger =  snd_via82xx_pcm_trigger,
     .pointer =  snd_via686_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
 /* via823x DSX playback callbacks */
 static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_via8233_playback_ops = {
     .open =     snd_via8233_playback_open,
     .close =    snd_via8233_playback_close,
     .hw_params =    snd_via82xx_hw_params,
     .hw_free =  snd_via82xx_hw_free,
     .prepare =  snd_via8233_playback_prepare,
     .trigger =  snd_via82xx_pcm_trigger,
     .pointer =  snd_via8233_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
 /* via823x multi-channel playback callbacks */
 static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_via8233_multi_ops = {
     .open =     snd_via8233_multi_open,
     .close =    snd_via82xx_pcm_close,
     .hw_params =    snd_via82xx_hw_params,
     .hw_free =  snd_via82xx_hw_free,
     .prepare =  snd_via8233_multi_prepare,
     .trigger =  snd_via82xx_pcm_trigger,
     .pointer =  snd_via8233_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
 /* via823x capture callbacks */
 static const struct snd_pcm_ops snd_via8233_capture_ops = {
     .open =     snd_via82xx_capture_open,
     .close =    snd_via82xx_pcm_close,
     .hw_params =    snd_via82xx_hw_params,
     .hw_free =  snd_via82xx_hw_free,
     .prepare =  snd_via8233_capture_prepare,
     .trigger =  snd_via82xx_pcm_trigger,
     .pointer =  snd_via8233_pcm_pointer,
 };
 
 
 static void init_viadev(struct via82xx *chip, int idx, unsigned int reg_offset,
             int shadow_pos, int direction)
 {
     chip->devs[idx].reg_offset = reg_offset;
     chip->devs[idx].shadow_shift = shadow_pos * 4;
     chip->devs[idx].direction = direction;
     chip->devs[idx].port = chip->port + reg_offset;
 }
 
 /*
  * create pcm instances for VIA8233, 8233C and 8235 (not 8233A)
  */
 static int snd_via8233_pcm_new(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     struct snd_pcm *pcm;
     struct snd_pcm_chmap *chmap;
     int i, err;
 
     chip->playback_devno = 0;   /* x 4 */
     chip->multi_devno = 4;      /* x 1 */
     chip->capture_devno = 5;    /* x 2 */
     chip->num_devs = 7;
     chip->intr_mask = 0x33033333; /* FLAG|EOL for rec0-1, mc, sdx0-3 */
 
     /* PCM #0:  4 DSX playbacks and 1 capture */
     err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, chip->card->shortname, 0, 4, 1, &pcm);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_via8233_playback_ops);
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_via8233_capture_ops);
     pcm->private_data = chip;
     strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
     chip->pcms[0] = pcm;
     /* set up playbacks */
     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
         init_viadev(chip, i, 0x10 * i, i, 0);
     /* capture */
     init_viadev(chip, chip->capture_devno, VIA_REG_CAPTURE_8233_STATUS, 6, 1);
 
     snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG,
                        &chip->pci->dev,
                        64*1024, VIA_MAX_BUFSIZE);
 
     err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK,
                      snd_pcm_std_chmaps, 2, 0,
                      &chmap);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     /* PCM #1:  multi-channel playback and 2nd capture */
     err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, chip->card->shortname, 1, 1, 1, &pcm);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_via8233_multi_ops);
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_via8233_capture_ops);
     pcm->private_data = chip;
     strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
     chip->pcms[1] = pcm;
     /* set up playback */
     init_viadev(chip, chip->multi_devno, VIA_REG_MULTPLAY_STATUS, 4, 0);
     /* set up capture */
     init_viadev(chip, chip->capture_devno + 1, VIA_REG_CAPTURE_8233_STATUS + 0x10, 7, 1);
 
     snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG,
                        &chip->pci->dev,
                        64*1024, VIA_MAX_BUFSIZE);
 
     err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK,
                      snd_pcm_alt_chmaps, 6, 0,
                      &chmap);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     chip->ac97->chmaps[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK] = chmap;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * create pcm instances for VIA8233A
  */
 static int snd_via8233a_pcm_new(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     struct snd_pcm *pcm;
     struct snd_pcm_chmap *chmap;
     int err;
 
     chip->multi_devno = 0;
     chip->playback_devno = 1;
     chip->capture_devno = 2;
     chip->num_devs = 3;
     chip->intr_mask = 0x03033000; /* FLAG|EOL for rec0, mc, sdx3 */
 
     /* PCM #0:  multi-channel playback and capture */
     err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, chip->card->shortname, 0, 1, 1, &pcm);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_via8233_multi_ops);
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_via8233_capture_ops);
     pcm->private_data = chip;
     strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
     chip->pcms[0] = pcm;
     /* set up playback */
     init_viadev(chip, chip->multi_devno, VIA_REG_MULTPLAY_STATUS, 4, 0);
     /* capture */
     init_viadev(chip, chip->capture_devno, VIA_REG_CAPTURE_8233_STATUS, 6, 1);
 
     snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG,
                        &chip->pci->dev,
                        64*1024, VIA_MAX_BUFSIZE);
 
     err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK,
                      snd_pcm_alt_chmaps, 6, 0,
                      &chmap);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     chip->ac97->chmaps[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK] = chmap;
 
     /* SPDIF supported? */
     if (! ac97_can_spdif(chip->ac97))
         return 0;
 
     /* PCM #1:  DXS3 playback (for spdif) */
     err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, chip->card->shortname, 1, 1, 0, &pcm);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_via8233_playback_ops);
     pcm->private_data = chip;
     strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
     chip->pcms[1] = pcm;
     /* set up playback */
     init_viadev(chip, chip->playback_devno, 0x30, 3, 0);
 
     snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG,
                        &chip->pci->dev,
                        64*1024, VIA_MAX_BUFSIZE);
     return 0;
 }
 
 /*
  * create a pcm instance for via686a/b
  */
 static int snd_via686_pcm_new(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     struct snd_pcm *pcm;
     int err;
 
     chip->playback_devno = 0;
     chip->capture_devno = 1;
     chip->num_devs = 2;
     chip->intr_mask = 0x77; /* FLAG | EOL for PB, CP, FM */
 
     err = snd_pcm_new(chip->card, chip->card->shortname, 0, 1, 1, &pcm);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &snd_via686_playback_ops);
     snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE, &snd_via686_capture_ops);
     pcm->private_data = chip;
     strcpy(pcm->name, chip->card->shortname);
     chip->pcms[0] = pcm;
     init_viadev(chip, 0, VIA_REG_PLAYBACK_STATUS, 0, 0);
     init_viadev(chip, 1, VIA_REG_CAPTURE_STATUS, 0, 1);
 
     snd_pcm_set_managed_buffer_all(pcm, SNDRV_DMA_TYPE_DEV_SG,
                        &chip->pci->dev,
                        64*1024, VIA_MAX_BUFSIZE);
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  *  Mixer part
  */
 
 static int snd_via8233_capture_source_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                        struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
 {
     /* formerly they were "Line" and "Mic", but it looks like that they
      * have nothing to do with the actual physical connections...
      */
     static const char * const texts[2] = {
         "Input1", "Input2"
     };
     return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 2, texts);
 }
 
 static int snd_via8233_capture_source_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
     unsigned long port = chip->port + (kcontrol->id.index ? (VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL + 0x10) : VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL);
     ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = inb(port) & VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL_MIC ? 1 : 0;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via8233_capture_source_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
     unsigned long port = chip->port + (kcontrol->id.index ? (VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL + 0x10) : VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL);
     u8 val, oval;
 
     spin_lock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
     oval = inb(port);
     val = oval & ~VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL_MIC;
     if (ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0])
         val |= VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL_MIC;
     if (val != oval)
         outb(val, port);
     spin_unlock_irq(&chip->reg_lock);
     return val != oval;
 }
 
 static struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_via8233_capture_source = {
     .name = "Input Source Select",
     .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
     .info = snd_via8233_capture_source_info,
     .get = snd_via8233_capture_source_get,
     .put = snd_via8233_capture_source_put,
 };
 
 #define snd_via8233_dxs3_spdif_info snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
 
 static int snd_via8233_dxs3_spdif_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
     u8 val;
 
     pci_read_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA8233_SPDIF_CTRL, &val);
     ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = (val & VIA8233_SPDIF_DX3) ? 1 : 0;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via8233_dxs3_spdif_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
     u8 val, oval;
 
     pci_read_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA8233_SPDIF_CTRL, &oval);
     val = oval & ~VIA8233_SPDIF_DX3;
     if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0])
         val |= VIA8233_SPDIF_DX3;
     /* save the spdif flag for rate filtering */
     chip->spdif_on = ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] ? 1 : 0;
     if (val != oval) {
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA8233_SPDIF_CTRL, val);
         return 1;
     }
     return 0;
 }
 
 static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_via8233_dxs3_spdif_control = {
     .name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("Output ",NONE,SWITCH),
     .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
     .info = snd_via8233_dxs3_spdif_info,
     .get = snd_via8233_dxs3_spdif_get,
     .put = snd_via8233_dxs3_spdif_put,
 };
 
 static int snd_via8233_dxs_volume_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                        struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
 {
     uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
     uinfo->count = 2;
     uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
     uinfo->value.integer.max = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via8233_dxs_volume_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
     unsigned int idx = kcontrol->id.subdevice;
 
     ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME - chip->playback_volume[idx][0];
     ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME - chip->playback_volume[idx][1];
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via8233_pcmdxs_volume_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
     ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME - chip->playback_volume_c[0];
     ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME - chip->playback_volume_c[1];
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via8233_dxs_volume_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
     unsigned int idx = kcontrol->id.subdevice;
     unsigned long port = chip->port + 0x10 * idx;
     unsigned char val;
     int i, change = 0;
 
     for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
         val = ucontrol->value.integer.value[i];
         if (val > VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME)
             val = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME;
         val = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME - val;
         change |= val != chip->playback_volume[idx][i];
         if (change) {
             chip->playback_volume[idx][i] = val;
             outb(val, port + VIA_REG_OFS_PLAYBACK_VOLUME_L + i);
         }
     }
     return change;
 }
 
 static int snd_via8233_pcmdxs_volume_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
                      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
     unsigned int idx;
     unsigned char val;
     int i, change = 0;
 
     for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
         val = ucontrol->value.integer.value[i];
         if (val > VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME)
             val = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME;
         val = VIA_DXS_MAX_VOLUME - val;
         if (val != chip->playback_volume_c[i]) {
             change = 1;
             chip->playback_volume_c[i] = val;
             for (idx = 0; idx < 4; idx++) {
                 unsigned long port = chip->port + 0x10 * idx;
                 chip->playback_volume[idx][i] = val;
                 outb(val, port + VIA_REG_OFS_PLAYBACK_VOLUME_L + i);
             }
         }
     }
     return change;
 }
 
 static const DECLARE_TLV_DB_SCALE(db_scale_dxs, -4650, 150, 1);
 
 static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_via8233_pcmdxs_volume_control = {
     .name = "PCM Playback Volume",
     .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
     .access = (SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE |
            SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ),
     .info = snd_via8233_dxs_volume_info,
     .get = snd_via8233_pcmdxs_volume_get,
     .put = snd_via8233_pcmdxs_volume_put,
     .tlv = { .p = db_scale_dxs }
 };
 
 static const struct snd_kcontrol_new snd_via8233_dxs_volume_control = {
     .iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_PCM,
     .device = 0,
     /* .subdevice set later */
     .name = "PCM Playback Volume",
     .access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READWRITE |
           SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ |
           SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_INACTIVE,
     .info = snd_via8233_dxs_volume_info,
     .get = snd_via8233_dxs_volume_get,
     .put = snd_via8233_dxs_volume_put,
     .tlv = { .p = db_scale_dxs }
 };
 
 /*
  */
 
 static void snd_via82xx_mixer_free_ac97_bus(struct snd_ac97_bus *bus)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = bus->private_data;
     chip->ac97_bus = NULL;
 }
 
 static void snd_via82xx_mixer_free_ac97(struct snd_ac97 *ac97)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = ac97->private_data;
     chip->ac97 = NULL;
 }
 
 static const struct ac97_quirk ac97_quirks[] = {
     {
         .subvendor = 0x1106,
         .subdevice = 0x4161,
         .codec_id = 0x56494161, /* VT1612A */
         .name = "Soltek SL-75DRV5",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_NONE
     },
     {   /* FIXME: which codec? */
         .subvendor = 0x1106,
         .subdevice = 0x4161,
         .name = "ASRock K7VT2",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x110a,
         .subdevice = 0x0079,
         .name = "Fujitsu Siemens D1289",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x1019,
         .subdevice = 0x0a81,
         .name = "ECS K7VTA3",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x1019,
         .subdevice = 0x0a85,
         .name = "ECS L7VMM2",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x1019,
         .subdevice = 0x1841,
         .name = "ECS K7VTA3",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x1849,
         .subdevice = 0x3059,
         .name = "ASRock K7VM2",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY   /* VT1616 */
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x14cd,
         .subdevice = 0x7002,
         .name = "Unknown",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_ALC_JACK
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x1071,
         .subdevice = 0x8590,
         .name = "Mitac Mobo",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_ALC_JACK
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x161f,
         .subdevice = 0x202b,
         .name = "Arima Notebook",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY,
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x161f,
         .subdevice = 0x2032,
         .name = "Targa Traveller 811",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY,
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x161f,
         .subdevice = 0x2032,
         .name = "m680x",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY, /* http://launchpad.net/bugs/38546 */
     },
     {
         .subvendor = 0x1297,
         .subdevice = 0xa232,
         .name = "Shuttle AK32VN",
         .type = AC97_TUNE_HP_ONLY
     },
     { } /* terminator */
 };
 
 static int snd_via82xx_mixer_new(struct via82xx *chip, const char *quirk_override)
 {
     struct snd_ac97_template ac97;
     int err;
     static const struct snd_ac97_bus_ops ops = {
         .write = snd_via82xx_codec_write,
         .read = snd_via82xx_codec_read,
         .wait = snd_via82xx_codec_wait,
     };
 
     err = snd_ac97_bus(chip->card, 0, &ops, chip, &chip->ac97_bus);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     chip->ac97_bus->private_free = snd_via82xx_mixer_free_ac97_bus;
     chip->ac97_bus->clock = chip->ac97_clock;
 
     memset(&ac97, 0, sizeof(ac97));
     ac97.private_data = chip;
     ac97.private_free = snd_via82xx_mixer_free_ac97;
     ac97.pci = chip->pci;
     ac97.scaps = AC97_SCAP_SKIP_MODEM | AC97_SCAP_POWER_SAVE;
     err = snd_ac97_mixer(chip->ac97_bus, &ac97, &chip->ac97);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     snd_ac97_tune_hardware(chip->ac97, ac97_quirks, quirk_override);
 
     if (chip->chip_type != TYPE_VIA686) {
         /* use slot 10/11 */
         snd_ac97_update_bits(chip->ac97, AC97_EXTENDED_STATUS, 0x03 << 4, 0x03 << 4);
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 #ifdef SUPPORT_JOYSTICK
 #define JOYSTICK_ADDR   0x200
 static int snd_via686_create_gameport(struct via82xx *chip, unsigned char *legacy)
 {
     struct gameport *gp;
 
     if (!joystick)
         return -ENODEV;
 
     if (!devm_request_region(chip->card->dev, JOYSTICK_ADDR, 8,
                  "VIA686 gameport")) {
         dev_warn(chip->card->dev, "cannot reserve joystick port %#x\n",
                JOYSTICK_ADDR);
         return -EBUSY;
     }
 
     chip->gameport = gp = gameport_allocate_port();
     if (!gp) {
         dev_err(chip->card->dev,
             "cannot allocate memory for gameport\n");
         return -ENOMEM;
     }
 
     gameport_set_name(gp, "VIA686 Gameport");
     gameport_set_phys(gp, "pci%s/gameport0", pci_name(chip->pci));
     gameport_set_dev_parent(gp, &chip->pci->dev);
     gp->io = JOYSTICK_ADDR;
 
     /* Enable legacy joystick port */
     *legacy |= VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_GAME;
     pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE, *legacy);
 
     gameport_register_port(chip->gameport);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static void snd_via686_free_gameport(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     if (chip->gameport) {
         gameport_unregister_port(chip->gameport);
         chip->gameport = NULL;
     }
 }
 #else
 static inline int snd_via686_create_gameport(struct via82xx *chip, unsigned char *legacy)
 {
     return -ENOSYS;
 }
 static inline void snd_via686_free_gameport(struct via82xx *chip) { }
 #endif
 
 
 /*
  *
  */
 
 static int snd_via8233_init_misc(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     int i, err, caps;
     unsigned char val;
 
     caps = chip->chip_type == TYPE_VIA8233A ? 1 : 2;
     for (i = 0; i < caps; i++) {
         snd_via8233_capture_source.index = i;
         err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_via8233_capture_source, chip));
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
     }
     if (ac97_can_spdif(chip->ac97)) {
         err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_via8233_dxs3_spdif_control, chip));
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
     }
     if (chip->chip_type != TYPE_VIA8233A) {
         /* when no h/w PCM volume control is found, use DXS volume control
          * as the PCM vol control
          */
         struct snd_ctl_elem_id sid;
         memset(&sid, 0, sizeof(sid));
         strcpy(sid.name, "PCM Playback Volume");
         sid.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
         if (! snd_ctl_find_id(chip->card, &sid)) {
             dev_info(chip->card->dev,
                  "Using DXS as PCM Playback\n");
             err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, snd_ctl_new1(&snd_via8233_pcmdxs_volume_control, chip));
             if (err < 0)
                 return err;
         }
         else /* Using DXS when PCM emulation is enabled is really weird */
         {
             for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
                 struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
 
                 kctl = snd_ctl_new1(
                     &snd_via8233_dxs_volume_control, chip);
                 if (!kctl)
                     return -ENOMEM;
                 kctl->id.subdevice = i;
                 err = snd_ctl_add(chip->card, kctl);
                 if (err < 0)
                     return err;
                 chip->dxs_controls[i] = kctl;
             }
         }
     }
     /* select spdif data slot 10/11 */
     pci_read_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA8233_SPDIF_CTRL, &val);
     val = (val & ~VIA8233_SPDIF_SLOT_MASK) | VIA8233_SPDIF_SLOT_1011;
     val &= ~VIA8233_SPDIF_DX3; /* SPDIF off as default */
     pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA8233_SPDIF_CTRL, val);
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via686_init_misc(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     unsigned char legacy, legacy_cfg;
     int rev_h = 0;
 
     legacy = chip->old_legacy;
     legacy_cfg = chip->old_legacy_cfg;
     legacy |= VIA_FUNC_MIDI_IRQMASK;    /* FIXME: correct? (disable MIDI) */
     legacy &= ~VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_GAME;    /* disable joystick */
     if (chip->revision >= VIA_REV_686_H) {
         rev_h = 1;
         if (mpu_port >= 0x200) {    /* force MIDI */
             mpu_port &= 0xfffc;
             pci_write_config_dword(chip->pci, 0x18, mpu_port | 0x01);
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
             chip->mpu_port_saved = mpu_port;
 #endif
         } else {
             mpu_port = pci_resource_start(chip->pci, 2);
         }
     } else {
         switch (mpu_port) { /* force MIDI */
         case 0x300:
         case 0x310:
         case 0x320:
         case 0x330:
             legacy_cfg &= ~(3 << 2);
             legacy_cfg |= (mpu_port & 0x0030) >> 2;
             break;
         default:            /* no, use BIOS settings */
             if (legacy & VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_MIDI)
                 mpu_port = 0x300 + ((legacy_cfg & 0x000c) << 2);
             break;
         }
     }
     if (mpu_port >= 0x200)
         chip->mpu_res = devm_request_region(&chip->pci->dev, mpu_port,
                             2, "VIA82xx MPU401");
     if (chip->mpu_res) {
         if (rev_h)
             legacy |= VIA_FUNC_MIDI_PNP;    /* enable PCI I/O 2 */
         legacy |= VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_MIDI;
     } else {
         if (rev_h)
             legacy &= ~VIA_FUNC_MIDI_PNP;   /* disable PCI I/O 2 */
         legacy &= ~VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_MIDI;
         mpu_port = 0;
     }
 
     pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE, legacy);
     pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_PNP_CONTROL, legacy_cfg);
     if (chip->mpu_res) {
         if (snd_mpu401_uart_new(chip->card, 0, MPU401_HW_VIA686A,
                     mpu_port, MPU401_INFO_INTEGRATED |
                     MPU401_INFO_IRQ_HOOK, -1,
                     &chip->rmidi) < 0) {
             dev_warn(chip->card->dev,
                  "unable to initialize MPU-401 at 0x%lx, skipping\n",
                  mpu_port);
             legacy &= ~VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_MIDI;
         } else {
             legacy &= ~VIA_FUNC_MIDI_IRQMASK;   /* enable MIDI interrupt */
         }
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE, legacy);
     }
 
     snd_via686_create_gameport(chip, &legacy);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
     chip->legacy_saved = legacy;
     chip->legacy_cfg_saved = legacy_cfg;
 #endif
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * proc interface
  */
 static void snd_via82xx_proc_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
                   struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = entry->private_data;
     int i;
     
     snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s\n\n", chip->card->longname);
     for (i = 0; i < 0xa0; i += 4) {
         snd_iprintf(buffer, "%02x: %08x\n", i, inl(chip->port + i));
     }
 }
 
 static void snd_via82xx_proc_init(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     snd_card_ro_proc_new(chip->card, "via82xx", chip,
                  snd_via82xx_proc_read);
 }
 
 /*
  *
  */
 
 static int snd_via82xx_chip_init(struct via82xx *chip)
 {
     unsigned int val;
     unsigned long end_time;
     unsigned char pval;
 
 #if 0 /* broken on K7M? */
     if (chip->chip_type == TYPE_VIA686)
         /* disable all legacy ports */
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE, 0);
 #endif
     pci_read_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_ACLINK_STAT, &pval);
     if (! (pval & VIA_ACLINK_C00_READY)) { /* codec not ready? */
         /* deassert ACLink reset, force SYNC */
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_ACLINK_CTRL,
                       VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_ENABLE |
                       VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_RESET |
                       VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_SYNC);
         udelay(100);
 #if 1 /* FIXME: should we do full reset here for all chip models? */
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_ACLINK_CTRL, 0x00);
         udelay(100);
 #else
         /* deassert ACLink reset, force SYNC (warm AC'97 reset) */
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_ACLINK_CTRL,
                       VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_RESET|VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_SYNC);
         udelay(2);
 #endif
         /* ACLink on, deassert ACLink reset, VSR, SGD data out */
         /* note - FM data out has trouble with non VRA codecs !! */
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_ACLINK_CTRL, VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_INIT);
         udelay(100);
     }
     
     /* Make sure VRA is enabled, in case we didn't do a
      * complete codec reset, above */
     pci_read_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_ACLINK_CTRL, &pval);
     if ((pval & VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_INIT) != VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_INIT) {
         /* ACLink on, deassert ACLink reset, VSR, SGD data out */
         /* note - FM data out has trouble with non VRA codecs !! */
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_ACLINK_CTRL, VIA_ACLINK_CTRL_INIT);
         udelay(100);
     }
 
     /* wait until codec ready */
     end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(750);
     do {
         pci_read_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_ACLINK_STAT, &pval);
         if (pval & VIA_ACLINK_C00_READY) /* primary codec ready */
             break;
         schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
     } while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
 
     val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
     if (val & VIA_REG_AC97_BUSY)
         dev_err(chip->card->dev,
             "AC'97 codec is not ready [0x%x]\n", val);
 
 #if 0 /* FIXME: we don't support the second codec yet so skip the detection now.. */
     snd_via82xx_codec_xwrite(chip, VIA_REG_AC97_READ |
                  VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID |
                  (VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SECONDARY << VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SHIFT));
     end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(750);
     snd_via82xx_codec_xwrite(chip, VIA_REG_AC97_READ |
                  VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID |
                  (VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SECONDARY << VIA_REG_AC97_CODEC_ID_SHIFT));
     do {
         val = snd_via82xx_codec_xread(chip);
         if (val & VIA_REG_AC97_SECONDARY_VALID) {
             chip->ac97_secondary = 1;
             goto __ac97_ok2;
         }
         schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
     } while (time_before(jiffies, end_time));
     /* This is ok, the most of motherboards have only one codec */
 
       __ac97_ok2:
 #endif
 
     if (chip->chip_type == TYPE_VIA686) {
         /* route FM trap to IRQ, disable FM trap */
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FM_NMI_CTRL, 0);
         /* disable all GPI interrupts */
         outl(0, VIAREG(chip, GPI_INTR));
     }
 
     if (chip->chip_type != TYPE_VIA686) {
         /* Workaround for Award BIOS bug:
          * DXS channels don't work properly with VRA if MC97 is disabled.
          */
         struct pci_dev *pci;
         pci = pci_get_device(0x1106, 0x3068, NULL); /* MC97 */
         if (pci) {
             unsigned char data;
             pci_read_config_byte(pci, 0x44, &data);
             pci_write_config_byte(pci, 0x44, data | 0x40);
             pci_dev_put(pci);
         }
     }
 
     if (chip->chip_type != TYPE_VIA8233A) {
         int i, idx;
         for (idx = 0; idx < 4; idx++) {
             unsigned long port = chip->port + 0x10 * idx;
             for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
                 chip->playback_volume[idx][i]=chip->playback_volume_c[i];
                 outb(chip->playback_volume_c[i],
                      port + VIA_REG_OFS_PLAYBACK_VOLUME_L + i);
             }
         }
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_PM_SLEEP
 /*
  * power management
  */
 static int snd_via82xx_suspend(struct device *dev)
 {
     struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
     struct via82xx *chip = card->private_data;
     int i;
 
     snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D3hot);
     for (i = 0; i < chip->num_devs; i++)
         snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, &chip->devs[i]);
     snd_ac97_suspend(chip->ac97);
 
     /* save misc values */
     if (chip->chip_type != TYPE_VIA686) {
         pci_read_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA8233_SPDIF_CTRL, &chip->spdif_ctrl_saved);
         chip->capture_src_saved[0] = inb(chip->port + VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL);
         chip->capture_src_saved[1] = inb(chip->port + VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL + 0x10);
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via82xx_resume(struct device *dev)
 {
     struct snd_card *card = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
     struct via82xx *chip = card->private_data;
     int i;
 
     snd_via82xx_chip_init(chip);
 
     if (chip->chip_type == TYPE_VIA686) {
         if (chip->mpu_port_saved)
             pci_write_config_dword(chip->pci, 0x18, chip->mpu_port_saved | 0x01);
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE, chip->legacy_saved);
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_PNP_CONTROL, chip->legacy_cfg_saved);
     } else {
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA8233_SPDIF_CTRL, chip->spdif_ctrl_saved);
         outb(chip->capture_src_saved[0], chip->port + VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL);
         outb(chip->capture_src_saved[1], chip->port + VIA_REG_CAPTURE_CHANNEL + 0x10);
     }
 
     snd_ac97_resume(chip->ac97);
 
     for (i = 0; i < chip->num_devs; i++)
         snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, &chip->devs[i]);
 
     snd_power_change_state(card, SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0);
     return 0;
 }
 
 static SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(snd_via82xx_pm, snd_via82xx_suspend, snd_via82xx_resume);
 #define SND_VIA82XX_PM_OPS  &snd_via82xx_pm
 #else
 #define SND_VIA82XX_PM_OPS  NULL
 #endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */
 
 static void snd_via82xx_free(struct snd_card *card)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = card->private_data;
     unsigned int i;
 
     /* disable interrupts */
     for (i = 0; i < chip->num_devs; i++)
         snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, &chip->devs[i]);
 
     if (chip->chip_type == TYPE_VIA686) {
         snd_via686_free_gameport(chip);
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE, chip->old_legacy);
         pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_PNP_CONTROL, chip->old_legacy_cfg);
     }
 }
 
 static int snd_via82xx_create(struct snd_card *card,
                   struct pci_dev *pci,
                   int chip_type,
                   int revision,
                   unsigned int ac97_clock)
 {
     struct via82xx *chip = card->private_data;
     int err;
 
     err = pcim_enable_device(pci);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     chip->chip_type = chip_type;
     chip->revision = revision;
 
     spin_lock_init(&chip->reg_lock);
     spin_lock_init(&chip->rates[0].lock);
     spin_lock_init(&chip->rates[1].lock);
     chip->card = card;
     chip->pci = pci;
     chip->irq = -1;
 
     pci_read_config_byte(pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE, &chip->old_legacy);
     pci_read_config_byte(pci, VIA_PNP_CONTROL, &chip->old_legacy_cfg);
     pci_write_config_byte(chip->pci, VIA_FUNC_ENABLE,
                   chip->old_legacy & ~(VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_SB|VIA_FUNC_ENABLE_FM));
 
     err = pci_request_regions(pci, card->driver);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     chip->port = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
     if (devm_request_irq(&pci->dev, pci->irq,
                  chip_type == TYPE_VIA8233 ?
                  snd_via8233_interrupt : snd_via686_interrupt,
                  IRQF_SHARED,
                  KBUILD_MODNAME, chip)) {
         dev_err(card->dev, "unable to grab IRQ %d\n", pci->irq);
         return -EBUSY;
     }
     chip->irq = pci->irq;
     card->sync_irq = chip->irq;
     card->private_free = snd_via82xx_free;
     if (ac97_clock >= 8000 && ac97_clock <= 48000)
         chip->ac97_clock = ac97_clock;
 
     err = snd_via82xx_chip_init(chip);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     /* The 8233 ac97 controller does not implement the master bit
      * in the pci command register. IMHO this is a violation of the PCI spec.
      * We call pci_set_master here because it does not hurt. */
     pci_set_master(pci);
     return 0;
 }
 
 struct via823x_info {
     int revision;
     char *name;
     int type;
 };
 static const struct via823x_info via823x_cards[] = {
     { VIA_REV_PRE_8233, "VIA 8233-Pre", TYPE_VIA8233 },
     { VIA_REV_8233C, "VIA 8233C", TYPE_VIA8233 },
     { VIA_REV_8233, "VIA 8233", TYPE_VIA8233 },
     { VIA_REV_8233A, "VIA 8233A", TYPE_VIA8233A },
     { VIA_REV_8235, "VIA 8235", TYPE_VIA8233 },
     { VIA_REV_8237, "VIA 8237", TYPE_VIA8233 },
     { VIA_REV_8251, "VIA 8251", TYPE_VIA8233 },
 };
 
 /*
  * auto detection of DXS channel supports.
  */
 
 static const struct snd_pci_quirk dxs_allowlist[] = {
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1005, 0x4710, "Avance Logic Mobo", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1019, 0x0996, "ESC Mobo", VIA_DXS_48K),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1019, 0x0a81, "ECS K7VTA3 v8.0", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1019, 0x0a85, "ECS L7VMM2", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x1019, "ESC K8", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1019, 0xaa01, "ESC K8T890-A", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1025, 0x0033, "Acer Inspire 1353LM", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1025, 0x0046, "Acer Aspire 1524 WLMi", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x1043, "ASUS A7/A8", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x1071, "Diverse Notebook", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x10cf, 0x118e, "FSC Laptop", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x1106, "ASRock", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1297, 0xa231, "Shuttle AK31v2", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1297, 0xa232, "Shuttle", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1297, 0xc160, "Shuttle Sk41G", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1458, 0xa002, "Gigabyte GA-7VAXP", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1462, 0x3800, "MSI KT266", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1462, 0x7120, "MSI KT4V", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1462, 0x7142, "MSI K8MM-V", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x1462, "MSI Mobo", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x147b, 0x1401, "ABIT KD7(-RAID)", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x147b, 0x1411, "ABIT VA-20", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x147b, 0x1413, "ABIT KV8 Pro", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x147b, 0x1415, "ABIT AV8", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x14ff, 0x0403, "Twinhead mobo", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x14ff, 0x0408, "Twinhead laptop", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1558, 0x4701, "Clevo D470", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1584, 0x8120, "Diverse Laptop", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1584, 0x8123, "Targa/Uniwill", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x161f, 0x202b, "Amira Notebook", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x161f, 0x2032, "m680x machines", VIA_DXS_48K),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1631, 0xe004, "PB EasyNote 3174", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1695, 0x3005, "EPoX EP-8K9A", VIA_DXS_ENABLE),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x1695, "EPoX mobo", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x16f3, "Jetway K8", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x1734, "FSC Laptop", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1849, 0x3059, "ASRock K7VM2", VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK_VENDOR(0x1849, "ASRock mobo", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x1919, 0x200a, "Soltek SL-K8",  VIA_DXS_NO_VRA),
     SND_PCI_QUIRK(0x4005, 0x4710, "MSI K7T266", VIA_DXS_SRC),
     { } /* terminator */
 };
 
 static int check_dxs_list(struct pci_dev *pci, int revision)
 {
     const struct snd_pci_quirk *w;
 
     w = snd_pci_quirk_lookup(pci, dxs_allowlist);
     if (w) {
         dev_dbg(&pci->dev, "DXS allow list for %s found\n",
                 snd_pci_quirk_name(w));
         return w->value;
     }
 
     /* for newer revision, default to DXS_SRC */
     if (revision >= VIA_REV_8235)
         return VIA_DXS_SRC;
 
     /*
      * not detected, try 48k rate only to be sure.
      */
     dev_info(&pci->dev, "Assuming DXS channels with 48k fixed sample rate.\n");
     dev_info(&pci->dev, "         Please try dxs_support=5 option\n");
     dev_info(&pci->dev, "         and report if it works on your machine.\n");
     dev_info(&pci->dev, "         For more details, read ALSA-Configuration.txt.\n");
     return VIA_DXS_48K;
 };
 
 static int __snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
                    const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
     struct snd_card *card;
     struct via82xx *chip;
     int chip_type = 0, card_type;
     unsigned int i;
     int err;
 
     err = snd_devm_card_new(&pci->dev, index, id, THIS_MODULE,
                 sizeof(*chip), &card);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     chip = card->private_data;
 
     card_type = pci_id->driver_data;
     switch (card_type) {
     case TYPE_CARD_VIA686:
         strcpy(card->driver, "VIA686A");
         sprintf(card->shortname, "VIA 82C686A/B rev%x", pci->revision);
         chip_type = TYPE_VIA686;
         break;
     case TYPE_CARD_VIA8233:
         chip_type = TYPE_VIA8233;
         sprintf(card->shortname, "VIA 823x rev%x", pci->revision);
         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(via823x_cards); i++) {
             if (pci->revision == via823x_cards[i].revision) {
                 chip_type = via823x_cards[i].type;
                 strcpy(card->shortname, via823x_cards[i].name);
                 break;
             }
         }
         if (chip_type != TYPE_VIA8233A) {
             if (dxs_support == VIA_DXS_AUTO)
                 dxs_support = check_dxs_list(pci, pci->revision);
             /* force to use VIA8233 or 8233A model according to
              * dxs_support module option
              */
             if (dxs_support == VIA_DXS_DISABLE)
                 chip_type = TYPE_VIA8233A;
             else
                 chip_type = TYPE_VIA8233;
         }
         if (chip_type == TYPE_VIA8233A)
             strcpy(card->driver, "VIA8233A");
         else if (pci->revision >= VIA_REV_8237)
             strcpy(card->driver, "VIA8237"); /* no slog assignment */
         else
             strcpy(card->driver, "VIA8233");
         break;
     default:
         dev_err(card->dev, "invalid card type %d\n", card_type);
         return -EINVAL;
     }
         
     err = snd_via82xx_create(card, pci, chip_type, pci->revision,
                  ac97_clock);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     err = snd_via82xx_mixer_new(chip, ac97_quirk);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
 
     if (chip_type == TYPE_VIA686) {
         err = snd_via686_pcm_new(chip);
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
         err = snd_via686_init_misc(chip);
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
     } else {
         if (chip_type == TYPE_VIA8233A) {
             err = snd_via8233a_pcm_new(chip);
             if (err < 0)
                 return err;
             // chip->dxs_fixed = 1; /* FIXME: use 48k for DXS #3? */
         } else {
             err = snd_via8233_pcm_new(chip);
             if (err < 0)
                 return err;
             if (dxs_support == VIA_DXS_48K)
                 chip->dxs_fixed = 1;
             else if (dxs_support == VIA_DXS_NO_VRA)
                 chip->no_vra = 1;
             else if (dxs_support == VIA_DXS_SRC) {
                 chip->no_vra = 1;
                 chip->dxs_src = 1;
             }
         }
         err = snd_via8233_init_misc(chip);
         if (err < 0)
             return err;
     }
 
     /* disable interrupts */
     for (i = 0; i < chip->num_devs; i++)
         snd_via82xx_channel_reset(chip, &chip->devs[i]);
 
     snprintf(card->longname, sizeof(card->longname),
          "%s with %s at %#lx, irq %d", card->shortname,
          snd_ac97_get_short_name(chip->ac97), chip->port, chip->irq);
 
     snd_via82xx_proc_init(chip);
 
     err = snd_card_register(card);
     if (err < 0)
         return err;
     pci_set_drvdata(pci, card);
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int snd_via82xx_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
                  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
 {
     return snd_card_free_on_error(&pci->dev, __snd_via82xx_probe(pci, pci_id));
 }
 
 static struct pci_driver via82xx_driver = {
     .name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
     .id_table = snd_via82xx_ids,
     .probe = snd_via82xx_probe,
     .driver = {
         .pm = SND_VIA82XX_PM_OPS,
     },
 };
 
 module_pci_driver(via82xx_driver);