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 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 /*
  * arch/arm/kernel/kprobes-test.c
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2011 Jon Medhurst <tixy@yxit.co.uk>.
  */
 
 /*
  * This file contains test code for ARM kprobes.
  *
  * The top level function run_all_tests() executes tests for all of the
  * supported instruction sets: ARM, 16-bit Thumb, and 32-bit Thumb. These tests
  * fall into two categories; run_api_tests() checks basic functionality of the
  * kprobes API, and run_test_cases() is a comprehensive test for kprobes
  * instruction decoding and simulation.
  *
  * run_test_cases() first checks the kprobes decoding table for self consistency
  * (using table_test()) then executes a series of test cases for each of the CPU
  * instruction forms. coverage_start() and coverage_end() are used to verify
  * that these test cases cover all of the possible combinations of instructions
  * described by the kprobes decoding tables.
  *
  * The individual test cases are in kprobes-test-arm.c and kprobes-test-thumb.c
  * which use the macros defined in kprobes-test.h. The rest of this
  * documentation will describe the operation of the framework used by these
  * test cases.
  */
 
 /*
  * TESTING METHODOLOGY
  * -------------------
  *
  * The methodology used to test an ARM instruction 'test_insn' is to use
  * inline assembler like:
  *
  * test_before: nop
  * test_case:   test_insn
  * test_after:  nop
  *
  * When the test case is run a kprobe is placed of each nop. The
  * post-handler of the test_before probe is used to modify the saved CPU
  * register context to that which we require for the test case. The
  * pre-handler of the of the test_after probe saves a copy of the CPU
  * register context. In this way we can execute test_insn with a specific
  * register context and see the results afterwards.
  *
  * To actually test the kprobes instruction emulation we perform the above
  * step a second time but with an additional kprobe on the test_case
  * instruction itself. If the emulation is accurate then the results seen
  * by the test_after probe will be identical to the first run which didn't
  * have a probe on test_case.
  *
  * Each test case is run several times with a variety of variations in the
  * flags value of stored in CPSR, and for Thumb code, different ITState.
  *
  * For instructions which can modify PC, a second test_after probe is used
  * like this:
  *
  * test_before: nop
  * test_case:   test_insn
  * test_after:  nop
  *      b test_done
  * test_after2: nop
  * test_done:
  *
  * The test case is constructed such that test_insn branches to
  * test_after2, or, if testing a conditional instruction, it may just
  * continue to test_after. The probes inserted at both locations let us
  * determine which happened. A similar approach is used for testing
  * backwards branches...
  *
  *      b test_before
  *      b test_done  @ helps to cope with off by 1 branches
  * test_after2: nop
  *      b test_done
  * test_before: nop
  * test_case:   test_insn
  * test_after:  nop
  * test_done:
  *
  * The macros used to generate the assembler instructions describe above
  * are TEST_INSTRUCTION, TEST_BRANCH_F (branch forwards) and TEST_BRANCH_B
  * (branch backwards). In these, the local variables numbered 1, 50, 2 and
  * 99 represent: test_before, test_case, test_after2 and test_done.
  *
  * FRAMEWORK
  * ---------
  *
  * Each test case is wrapped between the pair of macros TESTCASE_START and
  * TESTCASE_END. As well as performing the inline assembler boilerplate,
  * these call out to the kprobes_test_case_start() and
  * kprobes_test_case_end() functions which drive the execution of the test
  * case. The specific arguments to use for each test case are stored as
  * inline data constructed using the various TEST_ARG_* macros. Putting
  * this all together, a simple test case may look like:
  *
  *  TESTCASE_START("Testing mov r0, r7")
  *  TEST_ARG_REG(7, 0x12345678) // Set r7=0x12345678
  *  TEST_ARG_END("")
  *  TEST_INSTRUCTION("mov r0, r7")
  *  TESTCASE_END
  *
  * Note, in practice the single convenience macro TEST_R would be used for this
  * instead.
  *
  * The above would expand to assembler looking something like:
  *
  *  @ TESTCASE_START
  *  bl  __kprobes_test_case_start
  *  .pushsection .rodata
  *  "10:
  *  .ascii "mov r0, r7" @ text title for test case
  *  .byte   0
  *  .popsection
  *  @ start of inline data...
  *  .word   10b     @ pointer to title in .rodata section
  *
  *  @ TEST_ARG_REG
  *  .byte   ARG_TYPE_REG
  *  .byte   7
  *  .short  0
  *  .word   0x1234567
  *
  *  @ TEST_ARG_END
  *  .byte   ARG_TYPE_END
  *  .byte   TEST_ISA    @ flags, including ISA being tested
  *  .short  50f-0f      @ offset of 'test_before'
  *  .short  2f-0f       @ offset of 'test_after2' (if relevent)
  *  .short  99f-0f      @ offset of 'test_done'
  *  @ start of test case code...
  *  0:
  *  .code   TEST_ISA    @ switch to ISA being tested
  *
  *  @ TEST_INSTRUCTION
  *  50: nop     @ location for 'test_before' probe
  *  1:  mov r0, r7  @ the test case instruction 'test_insn'
  *      nop     @ location for 'test_after' probe
  *
  *  // TESTCASE_END
  *  2:
  *  99: bl __kprobes_test_case_end_##TEST_ISA
  *  .code   NONMAL_ISA
  *
  * When the above is execute the following happens...
  *
  * __kprobes_test_case_start() is an assembler wrapper which sets up space
  * for a stack buffer and calls the C function kprobes_test_case_start().
  * This C function will do some initial processing of the inline data and
  * setup some global state. It then inserts the test_before and test_after
  * kprobes and returns a value which causes the assembler wrapper to jump
  * to the start of the test case code, (local label '0').
  *
  * When the test case code executes, the test_before probe will be hit and
  * test_before_post_handler will call setup_test_context(). This fills the
  * stack buffer and CPU registers with a test pattern and then processes
  * the test case arguments. In our example there is one TEST_ARG_REG which
  * indicates that R7 should be loaded with the value 0x12345678.
  *
  * When the test_before probe ends, the test case continues and executes
  * the "mov r0, r7" instruction. It then hits the test_after probe and the
  * pre-handler for this (test_after_pre_handler) will save a copy of the
  * CPU register context. This should now have R0 holding the same value as
  * R7.
  *
  * Finally we get to the call to __kprobes_test_case_end_{32,16}. This is
  * an assembler wrapper which switches back to the ISA used by the test
  * code and calls the C function kprobes_test_case_end().
  *
  * For each run through the test case, test_case_run_count is incremented
  * by one. For even runs, kprobes_test_case_end() saves a copy of the
  * register and stack buffer contents from the test case just run. It then
  * inserts a kprobe on the test case instruction 'test_insn' and returns a
  * value to cause the test case code to be re-run.
  *
  * For odd numbered runs, kprobes_test_case_end() compares the register and
  * stack buffer contents to those that were saved on the previous even
  * numbered run (the one without the kprobe on test_insn). These should be
  * the same if the kprobe instruction simulation routine is correct.
  *
  * The pair of test case runs is repeated with different combinations of
  * flag values in CPSR and, for Thumb, different ITState. This is
  * controlled by test_context_cpsr().
  *
  * BUILDING TEST CASES
  * -------------------
  *
  *
  * As an aid to building test cases, the stack buffer is initialised with
  * some special values:
  *
  *   [SP+13*4]  Contains SP+120. This can be used to test instructions
  *      which load a value into SP.
  *
  *   [SP+15*4]  When testing branching instructions using TEST_BRANCH_{F,B},
  *      this holds the target address of the branch, 'test_after2'.
  *      This can be used to test instructions which load a PC value
  *      from memory.
  */
 
 #include <linux/kernel.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/stddef.h>
 #include <linux/bug.h>
 #include <asm/opcodes.h>
 
 #include "core.h"
 #include "test-core.h"
 #include "../decode-arm.h"
 #include "../decode-thumb.h"
 
 
 #define BENCHMARKING    1
 
 
 /*
  * Test basic API
  */
 
 static bool test_regs_ok;
 static int test_func_instance;
 static int pre_handler_called;
 static int post_handler_called;
 static int kretprobe_handler_called;
 static int tests_failed;
 
 #define FUNC_ARG1 0x12345678
 #define FUNC_ARG2 0xabcdef
 
 
 #ifndef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
 
 #define RET(reg)    "mov    pc, "#reg
 
 long arm_func(long r0, long r1);
 
 static void __used __naked __arm_kprobes_test_func(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         ".arm                   \n\t"
         ".type arm_func, %%function     \n\t"
         "arm_func:              \n\t"
         "adds   r0, r0, r1          \n\t"
         "mov    pc, lr              \n\t"
         ".code "NORMAL_ISA   /* Back to Thumb if necessary */
         : : : "r0", "r1", "cc"
     );
 }
 
 #else /* CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL */
 
 #define RET(reg)    "bx "#reg
 
 long thumb16_func(long r0, long r1);
 long thumb32even_func(long r0, long r1);
 long thumb32odd_func(long r0, long r1);
 
 static void __used __naked __thumb_kprobes_test_funcs(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         ".type thumb16_func, %%function     \n\t"
         "thumb16_func:              \n\t"
         "adds.n r0, r0, r1          \n\t"
         "bx lr              \n\t"
 
         ".align                 \n\t"
         ".type thumb32even_func, %%function \n\t"
         "thumb32even_func:          \n\t"
         "adds.w r0, r0, r1          \n\t"
         "bx lr              \n\t"
 
         ".align                 \n\t"
         "nop.n                  \n\t"
         ".type thumb32odd_func, %%function  \n\t"
         "thumb32odd_func:           \n\t"
         "adds.w r0, r0, r1          \n\t"
         "bx lr              \n\t"
 
         : : : "r0", "r1", "cc"
     );
 }
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL */
 
 
 static int call_test_func(long (*func)(long, long), bool check_test_regs)
 {
     long ret;
 
     ++test_func_instance;
     test_regs_ok = false;
 
     ret = (*func)(FUNC_ARG1, FUNC_ARG2);
     if (ret != FUNC_ARG1 + FUNC_ARG2) {
         pr_err("FAIL: call_test_func: func returned %lx\n", ret);
         return false;
     }
 
     if (check_test_regs && !test_regs_ok) {
         pr_err("FAIL: test regs not OK\n");
         return false;
     }
 
     return true;
 }
 
 static int __kprobes pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
     pre_handler_called = test_func_instance;
     if (regs->ARM_r0 == FUNC_ARG1 && regs->ARM_r1 == FUNC_ARG2)
         test_regs_ok = true;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static void __kprobes post_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs,
                 unsigned long flags)
 {
     post_handler_called = test_func_instance;
     if (regs->ARM_r0 != FUNC_ARG1 + FUNC_ARG2 || regs->ARM_r1 != FUNC_ARG2)
         test_regs_ok = false;
 }
 
 static struct kprobe the_kprobe = {
     .addr       = 0,
     .pre_handler    = pre_handler,
     .post_handler   = post_handler
 };
 
 static int test_kprobe(long (*func)(long, long))
 {
     int ret;
 
     the_kprobe.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)func;
     ret = register_kprobe(&the_kprobe);
     if (ret < 0) {
         pr_err("FAIL: register_kprobe failed with %d\n", ret);
         return ret;
     }
 
     ret = call_test_func(func, true);
 
     unregister_kprobe(&the_kprobe);
     the_kprobe.flags = 0; /* Clear disable flag to allow reuse */
 
     if (!ret)
         return -EINVAL;
     if (pre_handler_called != test_func_instance) {
         pr_err("FAIL: kprobe pre_handler not called\n");
         return -EINVAL;
     }
     if (post_handler_called != test_func_instance) {
         pr_err("FAIL: kprobe post_handler not called\n");
         return -EINVAL;
     }
     if (!call_test_func(func, false))
         return -EINVAL;
     if (pre_handler_called == test_func_instance ||
                 post_handler_called == test_func_instance) {
         pr_err("FAIL: probe called after unregistering\n");
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int __kprobes
 kretprobe_handler(struct kretprobe_instance *ri, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
     kretprobe_handler_called = test_func_instance;
     if (regs_return_value(regs) == FUNC_ARG1 + FUNC_ARG2)
         test_regs_ok = true;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static struct kretprobe the_kretprobe = {
     .handler    = kretprobe_handler,
 };
 
 static int test_kretprobe(long (*func)(long, long))
 {
     int ret;
 
     the_kretprobe.kp.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)func;
     ret = register_kretprobe(&the_kretprobe);
     if (ret < 0) {
         pr_err("FAIL: register_kretprobe failed with %d\n", ret);
         return ret;
     }
 
     ret = call_test_func(func, true);
 
     unregister_kretprobe(&the_kretprobe);
     the_kretprobe.kp.flags = 0; /* Clear disable flag to allow reuse */
 
     if (!ret)
         return -EINVAL;
     if (kretprobe_handler_called != test_func_instance) {
         pr_err("FAIL: kretprobe handler not called\n");
         return -EINVAL;
     }
     if (!call_test_func(func, false))
         return -EINVAL;
     if (kretprobe_handler_called == test_func_instance) {
         pr_err("FAIL: kretprobe called after unregistering\n");
         return -EINVAL;
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int run_api_tests(long (*func)(long, long))
 {
     int ret;
 
     pr_info("    kprobe\n");
     ret = test_kprobe(func);
     if (ret < 0)
         return ret;
 
     pr_info("    kretprobe\n");
     ret = test_kretprobe(func);
     if (ret < 0)
         return ret;
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * Benchmarking
  */
 
 #if BENCHMARKING
 
 static void __naked benchmark_nop(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "nop        \n\t"
         RET(lr)"    \n\t"
     );
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
 #define wide ".w"
 #else
 #define wide
 #endif
 
 static void __naked benchmark_pushpop1(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "stmdb"wide"    sp!, {r3-r11,lr}  \n\t"
         "ldmia"wide"    sp!, {r3-r11,pc}"
     );
 }
 
 static void __naked benchmark_pushpop2(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "stmdb"wide"    sp!, {r0-r8,lr}  \n\t"
         "ldmia"wide"    sp!, {r0-r8,pc}"
     );
 }
 
 static void __naked benchmark_pushpop3(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "stmdb"wide"    sp!, {r4,lr}  \n\t"
         "ldmia"wide"    sp!, {r4,pc}"
     );
 }
 
 static void __naked benchmark_pushpop4(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "stmdb"wide"    sp!, {r0,lr}  \n\t"
         "ldmia"wide"    sp!, {r0,pc}"
     );
 }
 
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
 
 static void __naked benchmark_pushpop_thumb(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "push.n {r0-r7,lr}  \n\t"
         "pop.n  {r0-r7,pc}"
     );
 }
 
 #endif
 
 static int __kprobes
 benchmark_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int benchmark(void(*fn)(void))
 {
     unsigned n, i, t, t0;
 
     for (n = 1000; ; n *= 2) {
         t0 = sched_clock();
         for (i = n; i > 0; --i)
             fn();
         t = sched_clock() - t0;
         if (t >= 250000000)
             break; /* Stop once we took more than 0.25 seconds */
     }
     return t / n; /* Time for one iteration in nanoseconds */
 };
 
 static int kprobe_benchmark(void(*fn)(void), unsigned offset)
 {
     struct kprobe k = {
         .addr       = (kprobe_opcode_t *)((uintptr_t)fn + offset),
         .pre_handler    = benchmark_pre_handler,
     };
 
     int ret = register_kprobe(&k);
     if (ret < 0) {
         pr_err("FAIL: register_kprobe failed with %d\n", ret);
         return ret;
     }
 
     ret = benchmark(fn);
 
     unregister_kprobe(&k);
     return ret;
 };
 
 struct benchmarks {
     void        (*fn)(void);
     unsigned    offset;
     const char  *title;
 };
 
 static int run_benchmarks(void)
 {
     int ret;
     struct benchmarks list[] = {
         {&benchmark_nop, 0, "nop"},
         /*
          * benchmark_pushpop{1,3} will have the optimised
          * instruction emulation, whilst benchmark_pushpop{2,4} will
          * be the equivalent unoptimised instructions.
          */
         {&benchmark_pushpop1, 0, "stmdb sp!, {r3-r11,lr}"},
         {&benchmark_pushpop1, 4, "ldmia sp!, {r3-r11,pc}"},
         {&benchmark_pushpop2, 0, "stmdb sp!, {r0-r8,lr}"},
         {&benchmark_pushpop2, 4, "ldmia sp!, {r0-r8,pc}"},
         {&benchmark_pushpop3, 0, "stmdb sp!, {r4,lr}"},
         {&benchmark_pushpop3, 4, "ldmia sp!, {r4,pc}"},
         {&benchmark_pushpop4, 0, "stmdb sp!, {r0,lr}"},
         {&benchmark_pushpop4, 4, "ldmia sp!, {r0,pc}"},
 #ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
         {&benchmark_pushpop_thumb, 0, "push.n   {r0-r7,lr}"},
         {&benchmark_pushpop_thumb, 2, "pop.n    {r0-r7,pc}"},
 #endif
         {0}
     };
 
     struct benchmarks *b;
     for (b = list; b->fn; ++b) {
         ret = kprobe_benchmark(b->fn, b->offset);
         if (ret < 0)
             return ret;
         pr_info("    %dns for kprobe %s\n", ret, b->title);
     }
 
     pr_info("\n");
     return 0;
 }
 
 #endif /* BENCHMARKING */
 
 
 /*
  * Decoding table self-consistency tests
  */
 
 static const int decode_struct_sizes[NUM_DECODE_TYPES] = {
     [DECODE_TYPE_TABLE] = sizeof(struct decode_table),
     [DECODE_TYPE_CUSTOM]    = sizeof(struct decode_custom),
     [DECODE_TYPE_SIMULATE]  = sizeof(struct decode_simulate),
     [DECODE_TYPE_EMULATE]   = sizeof(struct decode_emulate),
     [DECODE_TYPE_OR]    = sizeof(struct decode_or),
     [DECODE_TYPE_REJECT]    = sizeof(struct decode_reject)
 };
 
 static int table_iter(const union decode_item *table,
             int (*fn)(const struct decode_header *, void *),
             void *args)
 {
     const struct decode_header *h = (struct decode_header *)table;
     int result;
 
     for (;;) {
         enum decode_type type = h->type_regs.bits & DECODE_TYPE_MASK;
 
         if (type == DECODE_TYPE_END)
             return 0;
 
         result = fn(h, args);
         if (result)
             return result;
 
         h = (struct decode_header *)
             ((uintptr_t)h + decode_struct_sizes[type]);
 
     }
 }
 
 static int table_test_fail(const struct decode_header *h, const char* message)
 {
 
     pr_err("FAIL: kprobes test failure \"%s\" (mask %08x, value %08x)\n",
                     message, h->mask.bits, h->value.bits);
     return -EINVAL;
 }
 
 struct table_test_args {
     const union decode_item *root_table;
     u32         parent_mask;
     u32         parent_value;
 };
 
 static int table_test_fn(const struct decode_header *h, void *args)
 {
     struct table_test_args *a = (struct table_test_args *)args;
     enum decode_type type = h->type_regs.bits & DECODE_TYPE_MASK;
 
     if (h->value.bits & ~h->mask.bits)
         return table_test_fail(h, "Match value has bits not in mask");
 
     if ((h->mask.bits & a->parent_mask) != a->parent_mask)
         return table_test_fail(h, "Mask has bits not in parent mask");
 
     if ((h->value.bits ^ a->parent_value) & a->parent_mask)
         return table_test_fail(h, "Value is inconsistent with parent");
 
     if (type == DECODE_TYPE_TABLE) {
         struct decode_table *d = (struct decode_table *)h;
         struct table_test_args args2 = *a;
         args2.parent_mask = h->mask.bits;
         args2.parent_value = h->value.bits;
         return table_iter(d->table.table, table_test_fn, &args2);
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int table_test(const union decode_item *table)
 {
     struct table_test_args args = {
         .root_table = table,
         .parent_mask    = 0,
         .parent_value   = 0
     };
     return table_iter(args.root_table, table_test_fn, &args);
 }
 
 
 /*
  * Decoding table test coverage analysis
  *
  * coverage_start() builds a coverage_table which contains a list of
  * coverage_entry's to match each entry in the specified kprobes instruction
  * decoding table.
  *
  * When test cases are run, coverage_add() is called to process each case.
  * This looks up the corresponding entry in the coverage_table and sets it as
  * being matched, as well as clearing the regs flag appropriate for the test.
  *
  * After all test cases have been run, coverage_end() is called to check that
  * all entries in coverage_table have been matched and that all regs flags are
  * cleared. I.e. that all possible combinations of instructions described by
  * the kprobes decoding tables have had a test case executed for them.
  */
 
 bool coverage_fail;
 
 #define MAX_COVERAGE_ENTRIES 256
 
 struct coverage_entry {
     const struct decode_header  *header;
     unsigned            regs;
     unsigned            nesting;
     char                matched;
 };
 
 struct coverage_table {
     struct coverage_entry   *base;
     unsigned        num_entries;
     unsigned        nesting;
 };
 
 struct coverage_table coverage;
 
 #define COVERAGE_ANY_REG    (1<<0)
 #define COVERAGE_SP     (1<<1)
 #define COVERAGE_PC     (1<<2)
 #define COVERAGE_PCWB       (1<<3)
 
 static const char coverage_register_lookup[16] = {
     [REG_TYPE_ANY]      = COVERAGE_ANY_REG | COVERAGE_SP | COVERAGE_PC,
     [REG_TYPE_SAMEAS16] = COVERAGE_ANY_REG,
     [REG_TYPE_SP]       = COVERAGE_SP,
     [REG_TYPE_PC]       = COVERAGE_PC,
     [REG_TYPE_NOSP]     = COVERAGE_ANY_REG | COVERAGE_SP,
     [REG_TYPE_NOSPPC]   = COVERAGE_ANY_REG | COVERAGE_SP | COVERAGE_PC,
     [REG_TYPE_NOPC]     = COVERAGE_ANY_REG | COVERAGE_PC,
     [REG_TYPE_NOPCWB]   = COVERAGE_ANY_REG | COVERAGE_PC | COVERAGE_PCWB,
     [REG_TYPE_NOPCX]    = COVERAGE_ANY_REG,
     [REG_TYPE_NOSPPCX]  = COVERAGE_ANY_REG | COVERAGE_SP,
 };
 
 unsigned coverage_start_registers(const struct decode_header *h)
 {
     unsigned regs = 0;
     int i;
     for (i = 0; i < 20; i += 4) {
         int r = (h->type_regs.bits >> (DECODE_TYPE_BITS + i)) & 0xf;
         regs |= coverage_register_lookup[r] << i;
     }
     return regs;
 }
 
 static int coverage_start_fn(const struct decode_header *h, void *args)
 {
     struct coverage_table *coverage = (struct coverage_table *)args;
     enum decode_type type = h->type_regs.bits & DECODE_TYPE_MASK;
     struct coverage_entry *entry = coverage->base + coverage->num_entries;
 
     if (coverage->num_entries == MAX_COVERAGE_ENTRIES - 1) {
         pr_err("FAIL: Out of space for test coverage data");
         return -ENOMEM;
     }
 
     ++coverage->num_entries;
 
     entry->header = h;
     entry->regs = coverage_start_registers(h);
     entry->nesting = coverage->nesting;
     entry->matched = false;
 
     if (type == DECODE_TYPE_TABLE) {
         struct decode_table *d = (struct decode_table *)h;
         int ret;
         ++coverage->nesting;
         ret = table_iter(d->table.table, coverage_start_fn, coverage);
         --coverage->nesting;
         return ret;
     }
 
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int coverage_start(const union decode_item *table)
 {
     coverage.base = kmalloc_array(MAX_COVERAGE_ENTRIES,
                       sizeof(struct coverage_entry),
                       GFP_KERNEL);
     coverage.num_entries = 0;
     coverage.nesting = 0;
     return table_iter(table, coverage_start_fn, &coverage);
 }
 
 static void
 coverage_add_registers(struct coverage_entry *entry, kprobe_opcode_t insn)
 {
     int regs = entry->header->type_regs.bits >> DECODE_TYPE_BITS;
     int i;
     for (i = 0; i < 20; i += 4) {
         enum decode_reg_type reg_type = (regs >> i) & 0xf;
         int reg = (insn >> i) & 0xf;
         int flag;
 
         if (!reg_type)
             continue;
 
         if (reg == 13)
             flag = COVERAGE_SP;
         else if (reg == 15)
             flag = COVERAGE_PC;
         else
             flag = COVERAGE_ANY_REG;
         entry->regs &= ~(flag << i);
 
         switch (reg_type) {
 
         case REG_TYPE_NONE:
         case REG_TYPE_ANY:
         case REG_TYPE_SAMEAS16:
             break;
 
         case REG_TYPE_SP:
             if (reg != 13)
                 return;
             break;
 
         case REG_TYPE_PC:
             if (reg != 15)
                 return;
             break;
 
         case REG_TYPE_NOSP:
             if (reg == 13)
                 return;
             break;
 
         case REG_TYPE_NOSPPC:
         case REG_TYPE_NOSPPCX:
             if (reg == 13 || reg == 15)
                 return;
             break;
 
         case REG_TYPE_NOPCWB:
             if (!is_writeback(insn))
                 break;
             if (reg == 15) {
                 entry->regs &= ~(COVERAGE_PCWB << i);
                 return;
             }
             break;
 
         case REG_TYPE_NOPC:
         case REG_TYPE_NOPCX:
             if (reg == 15)
                 return;
             break;
         }
 
     }
 }
 
 static void coverage_add(kprobe_opcode_t insn)
 {
     struct coverage_entry *entry = coverage.base;
     struct coverage_entry *end = coverage.base + coverage.num_entries;
     bool matched = false;
     unsigned nesting = 0;
 
     for (; entry < end; ++entry) {
         const struct decode_header *h = entry->header;
         enum decode_type type = h->type_regs.bits & DECODE_TYPE_MASK;
 
         if (entry->nesting > nesting)
             continue; /* Skip sub-table we didn't match */
 
         if (entry->nesting < nesting)
             break; /* End of sub-table we were scanning */
 
         if (!matched) {
             if ((insn & h->mask.bits) != h->value.bits)
                 continue;
             entry->matched = true;
         }
 
         switch (type) {
 
         case DECODE_TYPE_TABLE:
             ++nesting;
             break;
 
         case DECODE_TYPE_CUSTOM:
         case DECODE_TYPE_SIMULATE:
         case DECODE_TYPE_EMULATE:
             coverage_add_registers(entry, insn);
             return;
 
         case DECODE_TYPE_OR:
             matched = true;
             break;
 
         case DECODE_TYPE_REJECT:
         default:
             return;
         }
 
     }
 }
 
 static void coverage_end(void)
 {
     struct coverage_entry *entry = coverage.base;
     struct coverage_entry *end = coverage.base + coverage.num_entries;
 
     for (; entry < end; ++entry) {
         u32 mask = entry->header->mask.bits;
         u32 value = entry->header->value.bits;
 
         if (entry->regs) {
             pr_err("FAIL: Register test coverage missing for %08x %08x (%05x)\n",
                 mask, value, entry->regs);
             coverage_fail = true;
         }
         if (!entry->matched) {
             pr_err("FAIL: Test coverage entry missing for %08x %08x\n",
                 mask, value);
             coverage_fail = true;
         }
     }
 
     kfree(coverage.base);
 }
 
 
 /*
  * Framework for instruction set test cases
  */
 
 void __naked __kprobes_test_case_start(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "mov    r2, sp                  \n\t"
         "bic    r3, r2, #7              \n\t"
         "mov    sp, r3                  \n\t"
         "stmdb  sp!, {r2-r11}               \n\t"
         "sub    sp, sp, #"__stringify(TEST_MEMORY_SIZE)"\n\t"
         "bic    r0, lr, #1  @ r0 = inline data      \n\t"
         "mov    r1, sp                  \n\t"
         "bl kprobes_test_case_start         \n\t"
         RET(r0)"                    \n\t"
     );
 }
 
 #ifndef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
 
 void __naked __kprobes_test_case_end_32(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "mov    r4, lr                  \n\t"
         "bl kprobes_test_case_end           \n\t"
         "cmp    r0, #0                  \n\t"
         "movne  pc, r0                  \n\t"
         "mov    r0, r4                  \n\t"
         "add    sp, sp, #"__stringify(TEST_MEMORY_SIZE)"\n\t"
         "ldmia  sp!, {r2-r11}               \n\t"
         "mov    sp, r2                  \n\t"
         "mov    pc, r0                  \n\t"
     );
 }
 
 #else /* CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL */
 
 void __naked __kprobes_test_case_end_16(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         "mov    r4, lr                  \n\t"
         "bl kprobes_test_case_end           \n\t"
         "cmp    r0, #0                  \n\t"
         "bxne   r0                  \n\t"
         "mov    r0, r4                  \n\t"
         "add    sp, sp, #"__stringify(TEST_MEMORY_SIZE)"\n\t"
         "ldmia  sp!, {r2-r11}               \n\t"
         "mov    sp, r2                  \n\t"
         "bx r0                  \n\t"
     );
 }
 
 void __naked __kprobes_test_case_end_32(void)
 {
     __asm__ __volatile__ (
         ".arm                       \n\t"
         "orr    lr, lr, #1  @ will return to Thumb code \n\t"
         "ldr    pc, 1f                  \n\t"
         "1:                     \n\t"
         ".word  __kprobes_test_case_end_16      \n\t"
     );
 }
 
 #endif
 
 
 int kprobe_test_flags;
 int kprobe_test_cc_position;
 
 static int test_try_count;
 static int test_pass_count;
 static int test_fail_count;
 
 static struct pt_regs initial_regs;
 static struct pt_regs expected_regs;
 static struct pt_regs result_regs;
 
 static u32 expected_memory[TEST_MEMORY_SIZE/sizeof(u32)];
 
 static const char *current_title;
 static struct test_arg *current_args;
 static u32 *current_stack;
 static uintptr_t current_branch_target;
 
 static uintptr_t current_code_start;
 static kprobe_opcode_t current_instruction;
 
 
 #define TEST_CASE_PASSED -1
 #define TEST_CASE_FAILED -2
 
 static int test_case_run_count;
 static bool test_case_is_thumb;
 static int test_instance;
 
 static unsigned long test_check_cc(int cc, unsigned long cpsr)
 {
     int ret = arm_check_condition(cc << 28, cpsr);
 
     return (ret != ARM_OPCODE_CONDTEST_FAIL);
 }
 
 static int is_last_scenario;
 static int probe_should_run; /* 0 = no, 1 = yes, -1 = unknown */
 static int memory_needs_checking;
 
 static unsigned long test_context_cpsr(int scenario)
 {
     unsigned long cpsr;
 
     probe_should_run = 1;
 
     /* Default case is that we cycle through 16 combinations of flags */
     cpsr  = (scenario & 0xf) << 28; /* N,Z,C,V flags */
     cpsr |= (scenario & 0xf) << 16; /* GE flags */
     cpsr |= (scenario & 0x1) << 27; /* Toggle Q flag */
 
     if (!test_case_is_thumb) {
         /* Testing ARM code */
         int cc = current_instruction >> 28;
 
         probe_should_run = test_check_cc(cc, cpsr) != 0;
         if (scenario == 15)
             is_last_scenario = true;
 
     } else if (kprobe_test_flags & TEST_FLAG_NO_ITBLOCK) {
         /* Testing Thumb code without setting ITSTATE */
         if (kprobe_test_cc_position) {
             int cc = (current_instruction >> kprobe_test_cc_position) & 0xf;
             probe_should_run = test_check_cc(cc, cpsr) != 0;
         }
 
         if (scenario == 15)
             is_last_scenario = true;
 
     } else if (kprobe_test_flags & TEST_FLAG_FULL_ITBLOCK) {
         /* Testing Thumb code with all combinations of ITSTATE */
         unsigned x = (scenario >> 4);
         unsigned cond_base = x % 7; /* ITSTATE<7:5> */
         unsigned mask = x / 7 + 2;  /* ITSTATE<4:0>, bits reversed */
 
         if (mask > 0x1f) {
             /* Finish by testing state from instruction 'itt al' */
             cond_base = 7;
             mask = 0x4;
             if ((scenario & 0xf) == 0xf)
                 is_last_scenario = true;
         }
 
         cpsr |= cond_base << 13;    /* ITSTATE<7:5> */
         cpsr |= (mask & 0x1) << 12; /* ITSTATE<4> */
         cpsr |= (mask & 0x2) << 10; /* ITSTATE<3> */
         cpsr |= (mask & 0x4) << 8;  /* ITSTATE<2> */
         cpsr |= (mask & 0x8) << 23; /* ITSTATE<1> */
         cpsr |= (mask & 0x10) << 21;    /* ITSTATE<0> */
 
         probe_should_run = test_check_cc((cpsr >> 12) & 0xf, cpsr) != 0;
 
     } else {
         /* Testing Thumb code with several combinations of ITSTATE */
         switch (scenario) {
         case 16: /* Clear NZCV flags and 'it eq' state (false as Z=0) */
             cpsr = 0x00000800;
             probe_should_run = 0;
             break;
         case 17: /* Set NZCV flags and 'it vc' state (false as V=1) */
             cpsr = 0xf0007800;
             probe_should_run = 0;
             break;
         case 18: /* Clear NZCV flags and 'it ls' state (true as C=0) */
             cpsr = 0x00009800;
             break;
         case 19: /* Set NZCV flags and 'it cs' state (true as C=1) */
             cpsr = 0xf0002800;
             is_last_scenario = true;
             break;
         }
     }
 
     return cpsr;
 }
 
 static void setup_test_context(struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
     int scenario = test_case_run_count>>1;
     unsigned long val;
     struct test_arg *args;
     int i;
 
     is_last_scenario = false;
     memory_needs_checking = false;
 
     /* Initialise test memory on stack */
     val = (scenario & 1) ? VALM : ~VALM;
     for (i = 0; i < TEST_MEMORY_SIZE / sizeof(current_stack[0]); ++i)
         current_stack[i] = val + (i << 8);
     /* Put target of branch on stack for tests which load PC from memory */
     if (current_branch_target)
         current_stack[15] = current_branch_target;
     /* Put a value for SP on stack for tests which load SP from memory */
     current_stack[13] = (u32)current_stack + 120;
 
     /* Initialise register values to their default state */
     val = (scenario & 2) ? VALR : ~VALR;
     for (i = 0; i < 13; ++i)
         regs->uregs[i] = val ^ (i << 8);
     regs->ARM_lr = val ^ (14 << 8);
     regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~(APSR_MASK | PSR_IT_MASK);
     regs->ARM_cpsr |= test_context_cpsr(scenario);
 
     /* Perform testcase specific register setup  */
     args = current_args;
     for (; args[0].type != ARG_TYPE_END; ++args)
         switch (args[0].type) {
         case ARG_TYPE_REG: {
             struct test_arg_regptr *arg =
                 (struct test_arg_regptr *)args;
             regs->uregs[arg->reg] = arg->val;
             break;
         }
         case ARG_TYPE_PTR: {
             struct test_arg_regptr *arg =
                 (struct test_arg_regptr *)args;
             regs->uregs[arg->reg] =
                 (unsigned long)current_stack + arg->val;
             memory_needs_checking = true;
             /*
              * Test memory at an address below SP is in danger of
              * being altered by an interrupt occurring and pushing
              * data onto the stack. Disable interrupts to stop this.
              */
             if (arg->reg == 13)
                 regs->ARM_cpsr |= PSR_I_BIT;
             break;
         }
         case ARG_TYPE_MEM: {
             struct test_arg_mem *arg = (struct test_arg_mem *)args;
             current_stack[arg->index] = arg->val;
             break;
         }
         default:
             break;
         }
 }
 
 struct test_probe {
     struct kprobe   kprobe;
     bool        registered;
     int     hit;
 };
 
 static void unregister_test_probe(struct test_probe *probe)
 {
     if (probe->registered) {
         unregister_kprobe(&probe->kprobe);
         probe->kprobe.flags = 0; /* Clear disable flag to allow reuse */
     }
     probe->registered = false;
 }
 
 static int register_test_probe(struct test_probe *probe)
 {
     int ret;
 
     if (probe->registered)
         BUG();
 
     ret = register_kprobe(&probe->kprobe);
     if (ret >= 0) {
         probe->registered = true;
         probe->hit = -1;
     }
     return ret;
 }
 
 static int __kprobes
 test_before_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
     container_of(p, struct test_probe, kprobe)->hit = test_instance;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static void __kprobes
 test_before_post_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs,
                             unsigned long flags)
 {
     setup_test_context(regs);
     initial_regs = *regs;
     initial_regs.ARM_cpsr &= ~PSR_IGNORE_BITS;
 }
 
 static int __kprobes
 test_case_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
     container_of(p, struct test_probe, kprobe)->hit = test_instance;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static int __kprobes
 test_after_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
     struct test_arg *args;
 
     if (container_of(p, struct test_probe, kprobe)->hit == test_instance)
         return 0; /* Already run for this test instance */
 
     result_regs = *regs;
 
     /* Mask out results which are indeterminate */
     result_regs.ARM_cpsr &= ~PSR_IGNORE_BITS;
     for (args = current_args; args[0].type != ARG_TYPE_END; ++args)
         if (args[0].type == ARG_TYPE_REG_MASKED) {
             struct test_arg_regptr *arg =
                 (struct test_arg_regptr *)args;
             result_regs.uregs[arg->reg] &= arg->val;
         }
 
     /* Undo any changes done to SP by the test case */
     regs->ARM_sp = (unsigned long)current_stack;
     /* Enable interrupts in case setup_test_context disabled them */
     regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~PSR_I_BIT;
 
     container_of(p, struct test_probe, kprobe)->hit = test_instance;
     return 0;
 }
 
 static struct test_probe test_before_probe = {
     .kprobe.pre_handler = test_before_pre_handler,
     .kprobe.post_handler    = test_before_post_handler,
 };
 
 static struct test_probe test_case_probe = {
     .kprobe.pre_handler = test_case_pre_handler,
 };
 
 static struct test_probe test_after_probe = {
     .kprobe.pre_handler = test_after_pre_handler,
 };
 
 static struct test_probe test_after2_probe = {
     .kprobe.pre_handler = test_after_pre_handler,
 };
 
 static void test_case_cleanup(void)
 {
     unregister_test_probe(&test_before_probe);
     unregister_test_probe(&test_case_probe);
     unregister_test_probe(&test_after_probe);
     unregister_test_probe(&test_after2_probe);
 }
 
 static void print_registers(struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
     pr_err("r0  %08lx | r1  %08lx | r2  %08lx | r3  %08lx\n",
         regs->ARM_r0, regs->ARM_r1, regs->ARM_r2, regs->ARM_r3);
     pr_err("r4  %08lx | r5  %08lx | r6  %08lx | r7  %08lx\n",
         regs->ARM_r4, regs->ARM_r5, regs->ARM_r6, regs->ARM_r7);
     pr_err("r8  %08lx | r9  %08lx | r10 %08lx | r11 %08lx\n",
         regs->ARM_r8, regs->ARM_r9, regs->ARM_r10, regs->ARM_fp);
     pr_err("r12 %08lx | sp  %08lx | lr  %08lx | pc  %08lx\n",
         regs->ARM_ip, regs->ARM_sp, regs->ARM_lr, regs->ARM_pc);
     pr_err("cpsr %08lx\n", regs->ARM_cpsr);
 }
 
 static void print_memory(u32 *mem, size_t size)
 {
     int i;
     for (i = 0; i < size / sizeof(u32); i += 4)
         pr_err("%08x %08x %08x %08x\n", mem[i], mem[i+1],
                         mem[i+2], mem[i+3]);
 }
 
 static size_t expected_memory_size(u32 *sp)
 {
     size_t size = sizeof(expected_memory);
     int offset = (uintptr_t)sp - (uintptr_t)current_stack;
     if (offset > 0)
         size -= offset;
     return size;
 }
 
 static void test_case_failed(const char *message)
 {
     test_case_cleanup();
 
     pr_err("FAIL: %s\n", message);
     pr_err("FAIL: Test %s\n", current_title);
     pr_err("FAIL: Scenario %d\n", test_case_run_count >> 1);
 }
 
 static unsigned long next_instruction(unsigned long pc)
 {
 #ifdef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
     if ((pc & 1) &&
         !is_wide_instruction(__mem_to_opcode_thumb16(*(u16 *)(pc - 1))))
         return pc + 2;
     else
 #endif
     return pc + 4;
 }
 
 static uintptr_t __used kprobes_test_case_start(const char **title, void *stack)
 {
     struct test_arg *args;
     struct test_arg_end *end_arg;
     unsigned long test_code;
 
     current_title = *title++;
     args = (struct test_arg *)title;
     current_args = args;
     current_stack = stack;
 
     ++test_try_count;
 
     while (args->type != ARG_TYPE_END)
         ++args;
     end_arg = (struct test_arg_end *)args;
 
     test_code = (unsigned long)(args + 1); /* Code starts after args */
 
     test_case_is_thumb = end_arg->flags & ARG_FLAG_THUMB;
     if (test_case_is_thumb)
         test_code |= 1;
 
     current_code_start = test_code;
 
     current_branch_target = 0;
     if (end_arg->branch_offset != end_arg->end_offset)
         current_branch_target = test_code + end_arg->branch_offset;
 
     test_code += end_arg->code_offset;
     test_before_probe.kprobe.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)test_code;
 
     test_code = next_instruction(test_code);
     test_case_probe.kprobe.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)test_code;
 
     if (test_case_is_thumb) {
         u16 *p = (u16 *)(test_code & ~1);
         current_instruction = __mem_to_opcode_thumb16(p[0]);
         if (is_wide_instruction(current_instruction)) {
             u16 instr2 = __mem_to_opcode_thumb16(p[1]);
             current_instruction = __opcode_thumb32_compose(current_instruction, instr2);
         }
     } else {
         current_instruction = __mem_to_opcode_arm(*(u32 *)test_code);
     }
 
     if (current_title[0] == '.')
         verbose("%s\n", current_title);
     else
         verbose("%s\t@ %0*x\n", current_title,
                     test_case_is_thumb ? 4 : 8,
                     current_instruction);
 
     test_code = next_instruction(test_code);
     test_after_probe.kprobe.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)test_code;
 
     if (kprobe_test_flags & TEST_FLAG_NARROW_INSTR) {
         if (!test_case_is_thumb ||
             is_wide_instruction(current_instruction)) {
                 test_case_failed("expected 16-bit instruction");
                 goto fail;
         }
     } else {
         if (test_case_is_thumb &&
             !is_wide_instruction(current_instruction)) {
                 test_case_failed("expected 32-bit instruction");
                 goto fail;
         }
     }
 
     coverage_add(current_instruction);
 
     if (end_arg->flags & ARG_FLAG_UNSUPPORTED) {
         if (register_test_probe(&test_case_probe) < 0)
             goto pass;
         test_case_failed("registered probe for unsupported instruction");
         goto fail;
     }
 
     if (end_arg->flags & ARG_FLAG_SUPPORTED) {
         if (register_test_probe(&test_case_probe) >= 0)
             goto pass;
         test_case_failed("couldn't register probe for supported instruction");
         goto fail;
     }
 
     if (register_test_probe(&test_before_probe) < 0) {
         test_case_failed("register test_before_probe failed");
         goto fail;
     }
     if (register_test_probe(&test_after_probe) < 0) {
         test_case_failed("register test_after_probe failed");
         goto fail;
     }
     if (current_branch_target) {
         test_after2_probe.kprobe.addr =
                 (kprobe_opcode_t *)current_branch_target;
         if (register_test_probe(&test_after2_probe) < 0) {
             test_case_failed("register test_after2_probe failed");
             goto fail;
         }
     }
 
     /* Start first run of test case */
     test_case_run_count = 0;
     ++test_instance;
     return current_code_start;
 pass:
     test_case_run_count = TEST_CASE_PASSED;
     return (uintptr_t)test_after_probe.kprobe.addr;
 fail:
     test_case_run_count = TEST_CASE_FAILED;
     return (uintptr_t)test_after_probe.kprobe.addr;
 }
 
 static bool check_test_results(void)
 {
     size_t mem_size = 0;
     u32 *mem = 0;
 
     if (memcmp(&expected_regs, &result_regs, sizeof(expected_regs))) {
         test_case_failed("registers differ");
         goto fail;
     }
 
     if (memory_needs_checking) {
         mem = (u32 *)result_regs.ARM_sp;
         mem_size = expected_memory_size(mem);
         if (memcmp(expected_memory, mem, mem_size)) {
             test_case_failed("test memory differs");
             goto fail;
         }
     }
 
     return true;
 
 fail:
     pr_err("initial_regs:\n");
     print_registers(&initial_regs);
     pr_err("expected_regs:\n");
     print_registers(&expected_regs);
     pr_err("result_regs:\n");
     print_registers(&result_regs);
 
     if (mem) {
         pr_err("expected_memory:\n");
         print_memory(expected_memory, mem_size);
         pr_err("result_memory:\n");
         print_memory(mem, mem_size);
     }
 
     return false;
 }
 
 static uintptr_t __used kprobes_test_case_end(void)
 {
     if (test_case_run_count < 0) {
         if (test_case_run_count == TEST_CASE_PASSED)
             /* kprobes_test_case_start did all the needed testing */
             goto pass;
         else
             /* kprobes_test_case_start failed */
             goto fail;
     }
 
     if (test_before_probe.hit != test_instance) {
         test_case_failed("test_before_handler not run");
         goto fail;
     }
 
     if (test_after_probe.hit != test_instance &&
                 test_after2_probe.hit != test_instance) {
         test_case_failed("test_after_handler not run");
         goto fail;
     }
 
     /*
      * Even numbered test runs ran without a probe on the test case so
      * we can gather reference results. The subsequent odd numbered run
      * will have the probe inserted.
     */
     if ((test_case_run_count & 1) == 0) {
         /* Save results from run without probe */
         u32 *mem = (u32 *)result_regs.ARM_sp;
         expected_regs = result_regs;
         memcpy(expected_memory, mem, expected_memory_size(mem));
 
         /* Insert probe onto test case instruction */
         if (register_test_probe(&test_case_probe) < 0) {
             test_case_failed("register test_case_probe failed");
             goto fail;
         }
     } else {
         /* Check probe ran as expected */
         if (probe_should_run == 1) {
             if (test_case_probe.hit != test_instance) {
                 test_case_failed("test_case_handler not run");
                 goto fail;
             }
         } else if (probe_should_run == 0) {
             if (test_case_probe.hit == test_instance) {
                 test_case_failed("test_case_handler ran");
                 goto fail;
             }
         }
 
         /* Remove probe for any subsequent reference run */
         unregister_test_probe(&test_case_probe);
 
         if (!check_test_results())
             goto fail;
 
         if (is_last_scenario)
             goto pass;
     }
 
     /* Do next test run */
     ++test_case_run_count;
     ++test_instance;
     return current_code_start;
 fail:
     ++test_fail_count;
     goto end;
 pass:
     ++test_pass_count;
 end:
     test_case_cleanup();
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * Top level test functions
  */
 
 static int run_test_cases(void (*tests)(void), const union decode_item *table)
 {
     int ret;
 
     pr_info("    Check decoding tables\n");
     ret = table_test(table);
     if (ret)
         return ret;
 
     pr_info("    Run test cases\n");
     ret = coverage_start(table);
     if (ret)
         return ret;
 
     tests();
 
     coverage_end();
     return 0;
 }
 
 
 static int __init run_all_tests(void)
 {
     int ret = 0;
 
     pr_info("Beginning kprobe tests...\n");
 
 #ifndef CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL
 
     pr_info("Probe ARM code\n");
     ret = run_api_tests(arm_func);
     if (ret)
         goto out;
 
     pr_info("ARM instruction simulation\n");
     ret = run_test_cases(kprobe_arm_test_cases, probes_decode_arm_table);
     if (ret)
         goto out;
 
 #else /* CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL */
 
     pr_info("Probe 16-bit Thumb code\n");
     ret = run_api_tests(thumb16_func);
     if (ret)
         goto out;
 
     pr_info("Probe 32-bit Thumb code, even halfword\n");
     ret = run_api_tests(thumb32even_func);
     if (ret)
         goto out;
 
     pr_info("Probe 32-bit Thumb code, odd halfword\n");
     ret = run_api_tests(thumb32odd_func);
     if (ret)
         goto out;
 
     pr_info("16-bit Thumb instruction simulation\n");
     ret = run_test_cases(kprobe_thumb16_test_cases,
                 probes_decode_thumb16_table);
     if (ret)
         goto out;
 
     pr_info("32-bit Thumb instruction simulation\n");
     ret = run_test_cases(kprobe_thumb32_test_cases,
                 probes_decode_thumb32_table);
     if (ret)
         goto out;
 #endif
 
     pr_info("Total instruction simulation tests=%d, pass=%d fail=%d\n",
         test_try_count, test_pass_count, test_fail_count);
     if (test_fail_count) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
         goto out;
     }
 
 #if BENCHMARKING
     pr_info("Benchmarks\n");
     ret = run_benchmarks();
     if (ret)
         goto out;
 #endif
 
 #if __LINUX_ARM_ARCH__ >= 7
     /* We are able to run all test cases so coverage should be complete */
     if (coverage_fail) {
         pr_err("FAIL: Test coverage checks failed\n");
         ret = -EINVAL;
         goto out;
     }
 #endif
 
 out:
     if (ret == 0)
         ret = tests_failed;
     if (ret == 0)
         pr_info("Finished kprobe tests OK\n");
     else
         pr_err("kprobe tests failed\n");
 
     return ret;
 }
 
 
 /*
  * Module setup
  */
 
 #ifdef MODULE
 
 static void __exit kprobe_test_exit(void)
 {
 }
 
 module_init(run_all_tests)
 module_exit(kprobe_test_exit)
 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 
 #else /* !MODULE */
 
 late_initcall(run_all_tests);
 
 #endif

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